scholarly journals Maize Plants Infestation by Fusarium spp. and Deoxynivalenol in Genetically Modified Corn Hybrid and Traditional Maize Cultivars

2011 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 317-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
MAREK SELWET
Keyword(s):  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Genetically Modified Maize ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Maize Cultivars ◽  
Maize Plants ◽  
Maize Cob ◽  
Grain Contamination ◽  
Mon 810

The objective of the performed investigations was to isolate pathogenic fungi from contaminated maize cobs, to assess the appearance of maize cob fusariosis and to determine grain contamination with deoxynivalenol in the cultivation of genetically modified maize containing a gene resistance against European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis Hbn) as well as selected non-modified cultivars. The plant material comprised the following genetically modified maize cultivar: DKC 3421 YG (MON 810) and non-modified cultivars obtained from Smolice Plant Breeding Ltd., IHAR Group: Junak (FAO 210-220), Prosna (FAO 220), SMH (FAO 230), Baca (FAO 220). Prior to harvesting, the occurrence of maize cob fusariosis was determined in the 89 (BBCH) developmental ripening stage. Microbiological assessment was carried out on grains selected from cobs characterized by various pathological symptoms. In 2008, a total of 133 isolates was obtained from the examined samples of infected maize plants, of which 51 isolates were species-identified, while in 2009, the total of 123 isolates were determined, of which 63 were species-identified. In both experimental years, the majority of isolates contained fungi from the Fusarium genus. The performed analysis of mean levels of cob contamination by fusarioses revealed that DKC 3421 YG (MON 810) and SMH (FAO 230) cultivars showed the smallest levels of contamination as well as the lowest percent of cob contamination per plant, while Junak (FAO 210-220) and Baca (FAO 220) cultivars were characterized by the highest degree of contamination. The lowest deoxynivalenol concentrations were determined in years 2008 and 2009 in the case of the DKC 3421 YG (MON 810) cultivar, whereas Prosna (FAO 220) cultivar was characterized by the highest deoxynivalenol concentration.

scholarly journals Agronomic and Economic Performance of Genetically Modified and Conventional Maize

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-93
Author(s):  
Katarína Hrčková ◽  
Peter Mihalčík ◽  
Štefan Žák ◽  
Roman Hašana ◽  
Katarína Ondreičková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Performance ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Herbicide Tolerance ◽  
Genetically Modified Maize ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Maize Hybrid ◽  
Maize Genotype ◽  
Financial Income

Abstract The parameters determining the agronomic and economic performance of genetically modified maize hybrid MON 89034 × NK603 and conventional hybrids were compared under conditions that eliminated the herbicide tolerance in GM hybrid as well as the use of insecticides in conventional hybrids. The GM hybrid confirmed ability to protect itself against the European corn borer and its average grain yield was higher by 6.36-14.42% (i.e. 0.82-1.86 t/ha) in comparison with conventional hybrids. The year of cultivation statistically significant influenced agronomic parameters and the financial income of maize production. The maize genotype did not statistically significantly affected any evaluated parameter. The final income was statistically significant (P < 0.05) negatively influenced by all observed agronomic parameters with the exception of the seed price. The price of maize grains on the market was the only one factor that statistically significant (P < 0.05) influenced financial income of the maize production.

Morphological Observations on Recently Recovered Early Agricultural Period Maize Cob Fragments from Southern Arizona

2005 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 361-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael W. Diehl
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Maize Cultivars ◽  
Maize Plants ◽  
Tucson Basin ◽  
Maize Cob ◽  
Early Agricultural Period

Metric analyses of recently excavated maize (Zea mays, L.) cupules and cob fragments from Early Agricultural period (2000 B. C.-A.D. 50) sites in southern Arizona indicate that early maize cultivars produced small cobs with small cupules. Although it is risky to generalize about the yield potential of a plant that may have no compelling modern analogues, this work provides further support for the claim that ancient Tucson Basin maize plants provided relatively low yields as compared with more recent varieties.

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