Agronomic and Economic Performance of Genetically Modified and Conventional Maize

Abstract The parameters determining the agronomic and economic performance of genetically modified maize hybrid MON 89034 × NK603 and conventional hybrids were compared under conditions that eliminated the herbicide tolerance in GM hybrid as well as the use of insecticides in conventional hybrids. The GM hybrid confirmed ability to protect itself against the European corn borer and its average grain yield was higher by 6.36-14.42% (i.e. 0.82-1.86 t/ha) in comparison with conventional hybrids. The year of cultivation statistically significant influenced agronomic parameters and the financial income of maize production. The maize genotype did not statistically significantly affected any evaluated parameter. The final income was statistically significant (P < 0.05) negatively influenced by all observed agronomic parameters with the exception of the seed price. The price of maize grains on the market was the only one factor that statistically significant (P < 0.05) influenced financial income of the maize production.

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Maize Plants Infestation by Fusarium spp. and Deoxynivalenol in Genetically Modified Corn Hybrid and Traditional Maize Cultivars

Polish Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.33073/pjm-2011-045 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 60 (4) ◽

pp. 317-321 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

MAREK SELWET

Keyword(s):

European Corn Borer ◽

Genetically Modified ◽

Pathogenic Fungi ◽

Genetically Modified Maize ◽

Corn Borer ◽

Maize Cultivars ◽

Maize Plants ◽

Maize Cob ◽

Grain Contamination ◽

Mon 810

The objective of the performed investigations was to isolate pathogenic fungi from contaminated maize cobs, to assess the appearance of maize cob fusariosis and to determine grain contamination with deoxynivalenol in the cultivation of genetically modified maize containing a gene resistance against European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis Hbn) as well as selected non-modified cultivars. The plant material comprised the following genetically modified maize cultivar: DKC 3421 YG (MON 810) and non-modified cultivars obtained from Smolice Plant Breeding Ltd., IHAR Group: Junak (FAO 210-220), Prosna (FAO 220), SMH (FAO 230), Baca (FAO 220). Prior to harvesting, the occurrence of maize cob fusariosis was determined in the 89 (BBCH) developmental ripening stage. Microbiological assessment was carried out on grains selected from cobs characterized by various pathological symptoms. In 2008, a total of 133 isolates was obtained from the examined samples of infected maize plants, of which 51 isolates were species-identified, while in 2009, the total of 123 isolates were determined, of which 63 were species-identified. In both experimental years, the majority of isolates contained fungi from the Fusarium genus. The performed analysis of mean levels of cob contamination by fusarioses revealed that DKC 3421 YG (MON 810) and SMH (FAO 230) cultivars showed the smallest levels of contamination as well as the lowest percent of cob contamination per plant, while Junak (FAO 210-220) and Baca (FAO 220) cultivars were characterized by the highest degree of contamination. The lowest deoxynivalenol concentrations were determined in years 2008 and 2009 in the case of the DKC 3421 YG (MON 810) cultivar, whereas Prosna (FAO 220) cultivar was characterized by the highest deoxynivalenol concentration.

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Significance of the European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis Hübn.) in maize production

Acta Agronomica Hungarica ◽

10.1556/aagr.50.2002.4.8 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 50 (4) ◽

pp. 447-461 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

C Szőke ◽

Z. Zsubori ◽

I Pók ◽

F. Rácz ◽

O. Illés ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ostrinia Nubilalis ◽

European Corn Borer ◽

Economic Loss ◽

Point Of View ◽

Protection Measures ◽

Maize Production ◽

Corn Borer ◽

Economic Point ◽

Direct Damage ◽

Important Pest

The European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis Hübn.), which is to be found almost universally in Europe and America, is an extremely important pest from the economic point of view. Losses caused by the pest range from 250-1000 kg/ha depending on the degree of infestation, the year and the yield averages. This fact justifies protection measures in Hungary on the whole of the seed production and sweetcorn fields and on 40% of the commercial maize sowing area. In addition to the direct damage, indirect losses are also considerable, since the injuries caused by the pest facilitate infection by Fusarium species. For the above reasons it is worth reviewing the habits of this pest, the extent of the economic loss resulting from the damage, and ways of controlling it.

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Evaluation of Detection Methods for Genetically Modified Traits in Genotypes Resistant to European Corn Borer and Herbicides

Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part B ◽

10.1081/pfc-200061573 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 40 (4) ◽

pp. 633-644 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

B. L. MA ◽

K. SUBEDI ◽

L. EVENSON ◽

G. STEWART

Keyword(s):

European Corn Borer ◽

Genetically Modified ◽

Detection Methods ◽

Corn Borer

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Plant characterization of genetically modified maize hybrids MON-89Ø34-3 × MON-88Ø17-3, MON-89Ø34-3 × MON-ØØ6Ø3-6, and MON-ØØ6Ø3-6: alternatives for maize production in Mexico

Transgenic Research ◽

10.1007/s11248-016-9991-z ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 135-151 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Oscar Heredia Díaz ◽

José Luis Aldaba Meza ◽

Baltazar M. Baltazar ◽

Germán Bojórquez Bojórquez ◽

Luciano Castro Espinoza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetically Modified ◽

Genetically Modified Maize ◽

Maize Production ◽

Maize Hybrids

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Parasitoid inventarisation of European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis Hübner, 1796) and options for its biological control in Slovenia

Acta agriculturae Slovenica ◽

10.14720/aas.2016.107.1.10 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 107 (1) ◽

pp. 93 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jaka RAZINGER ◽

Špela MODIC ◽

Annette HERZ ◽

Gregor UREK

Keyword(s):

Ostrinia Nubilalis ◽

European Corn Borer ◽

New Taxon ◽

Agricultural Pests ◽

Trichogramma Brassicae ◽

Maize Production ◽

Corn Borer ◽

Promising Alternative ◽

Hymenopteran Parasitoids ◽

Chemical Pesticides

European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis) (ECB) is an important maize pest in central and northern Europe. Presently it is controlled by insecticides or biological agents such as Trichogramma brassicae in several European countries, excluding Slovenia, where the pest’s pressure is highly variable and no appropriate mechanization is available. Lessening the dependence on chemical pesticides is an integral part of the European Union’s agenda for agriculture. Mass release of Trichogramma spp. could be seen as a promising alternative for ECB control in countries with a highly fluctuating ECB pressure and no mechanization for insecticide applications. However, no records of naturally occurring hymenopteran parasitoids of ECB exist in Slovenia. To address this important under-researched topic and provide the expert basis for potential introduction of ECB egg parasitoids in Slovene maize production, a systematic inventarisation programme of ECB parasitoids was launched in 2010. Additionally, ECB flight was monitored in 2011 and 2012 at two locations in Slovenia: Jablje and Rakičan. In both locations two ECB generations were observed. ECB was fist observed at the end of May in Rakičan. During the five years of the systematic survey we discovered two ECB parasitoid species. ECB egg masses were parasitized by Trichogramma brassicae, whereas ECB pupae were parasitized by Tycherus nigridens, with 6 or 7 % parasitation rate, respectively. T. nigridens represents a new taxon report for Slovenia. We conclude that there is a strong need for undertaking systematic surveys of natural enemies of agricultural pests.

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Research on the Relationship Between the Degree of European Corn Borer (Ostrinia Nubilalis Hbn.) Attack and Maize Fusariosis (Fusarium spp.) at ARDS Turda

Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca Agriculture ◽

10.15835/buasvmcn-agr:12659 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 74 (1) ◽

pp. 57

Author(s):

Ana Maria VĂLEAN ◽

Felicia MUREŞANU ◽

Adina TĂRĂU ◽

Loredana SUCIU ◽

Laura SOPTEREAN ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ostrinia Nubilalis ◽

European Corn Borer ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Point Of View ◽

Fusarium Spp ◽

Maize Production ◽

Corn Borer ◽

Economic Point ◽

Growing Period ◽

Important Pest

The European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis Hübn.), which is found almost universally in Europe and America, is an extremely important pest from economic point of view (Szőke et al., 2005). European corn borer larvae cause physical injuries to stalks and ears, and promote infections with Fusarium, by carrying the fungus spores from the plant surface to the surfaces of damaged kernels or to the interior of stalks, where infection occurs (Czembor, 2015). On account of the fact that between Ostrinia nubilalis Hbn. and Fusarium spp. there is a strong connection, and their presence lead to lower maize production, it’s purposed is reducing the corn borer attack, but also the occurrence of maize fusariosis, by applying treatments to the vegetation. The research was carried out at ARDS Turda, in the period 2014-2015 as a bifactorial experience, in which were performed two treatments on growing period, with insecticides, using the products: Avaunt 250 ml/ha (s.a. indoxacarb), Coragen 250 ml/ha (s.a. chlorantraniliprol), Proteus 400 ml/ha (s.a. tiacloprid + deltametrin), Calypso 150 ml/ha (s.a. tiacloprid) and Confidor 400 ml/ha (s.a. imidacloprid + deltametrin), and the biological material was used Turda 165 hybrid. Amid the climatic conditions in the two experimental years (2014-2015), regarding the frecquency attack of the Ostrinia nubilalis, 2015 proved to be a very favorable year for this pest, and by applying treatments to the vegetation, Ostrinia nubilalis Hbn. and Fusarium spp. attack has been reduced very significant. In order to combat the european corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis Hbn.) chemically, are recommended products based on: chlorantraniliprol and tiacloprid+deltametrin.

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Herbicide application on Genetically Modified Maize influences bee visitation

Sociobiology ◽

10.13102/sociobiology.v66i2.3390 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 66 (2) ◽

pp. 274

Author(s):

Higor De Castro Monteiro ◽

Michael Willian Rocha De Souza ◽

Letícia Alves Carvalho Reis ◽

Evander Alves Ferreira ◽

Veríssimo Gibran Mendes De Sá ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Visual Analysis ◽

Cultural Practices ◽

Genetically Modified ◽

Herbicide Tolerance ◽

Genetically Modified Crops ◽

Genetically Modified Maize ◽

Cry Proteins ◽

Tetragonisca Angustula ◽

Bacterium Bacillus ◽

The Impact

Brazil is one of the world’s largest producers of maize (Zea mays L.). Cry proteins derived from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) have been widely used in transgenic maize due to their toxicity and specificity against insects that damage crops. In addition, these plants have been stacked with different herbicide tolerance genes. Non-target insects end up being exposed to Bt proteins and herbicide applications. There is little information on the effects of Bt transgenics and their cultural practices on the behavior of pollinators in genetically modified crops. The aim of this research was to verify the impact of genotypes of genetically modified maize, Herculex®, PowerCore®, and the conventional isohybrid, pulverized or not with herbicides (atrazine, glufosinate-ammonium and nicosulfuron) in bee populations. In order to evaluate the presence of insects, a zig-zag tour was carried out throughout the experimental field, ascertained from visual analysis and direct counting of six plants per plot (the dimensions of the plots were 2.5 x 10 m with five maize lines spaced 0.50 m between rows and 0.36 m between plants) randomly, 18 days after spraying herbicides in the area. Apis mellifera (L.) (Hymenoptera: Apidae), Tetragonisca angustula (L.) (Hymenoptera: Apidae) and Trigona spinipes (F.) (Hymenoptera: Apidae) were the pollinator species identified in the crop. It was observed that the incidence of pollinator insects varied according to cultivars and herbicides tested; however, the PowerCore® genotype experienced more visitation of pollinating bees independently of the herbicide treatments.

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Fungal biodiversity on maize kernels in an insecticide evaluation trial

Pesticidi i fitomedicina ◽

10.2298/pif1901031t ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 34 (1) ◽

pp. 31-37

Author(s):

Sonja Tancic-Zivanov ◽

Mirjana Lalosevic ◽

Radivoje Jevtic ◽

Filip Franeta ◽

Zeljko Milovac ◽

...

Keyword(s):

European Corn Borer ◽

Fusarium Species ◽

Fusarium Ear Rot ◽

Ear Rot ◽

Maize Production ◽

Corn Borer ◽

Lambda Cyhalothrin ◽

Evaluation Trial ◽

Maize Kernels ◽

Penicillium Spp

The European corn borer (ECB) Ostrinia nubilalis and Fusarium ear rot Fusarium spp. pose a continuous threat to maize production worldwide. There are several reports indicating that ECB damage to maize ears promotes Fusarium ear rot infection. The aim of this study was to monitor the influence of different insecticide treatments (a.i. chlorantraniliprole, indoxacarb, and chlorantraniliprole+lambda-cyhalothrin) on the ECB and fungal diversity on maize kernels in the field in a four-year trial (2013-2016). A total of 16 different fungal genera were isolated from maize kernels, and Fusarium species were confirmed to be the dominant pathogens, present in all treatments, throughout the four years of experiments. The incidence of Aspergillus spp. and Penicillium spp. was established to be low. Apart from Fusarium species, the most frequent genera were: Aspergillus spp., Mortierella spp., Mucor spp., Penicillium spp., Acremonium spp. and Rhizopus spp. Treatments with chlorantraniliprole and chlorantraniliprole+lambda-cyhalothrin showed higher efficacy, though not statistically significant, compared to indoxacarb, in reducing the number of ECB larvae and damage they cause. However, no direct effect on the number of isolated fungal genera has been observed in any of the three insecticide treatments.

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