199. The Random Effects Model Applied to RCF Workplace Monitoring Data

AbstractThe regional seismic travel time (RSTT) model and software were developed to improve travel-time prediction accuracy by accounting for three-dimensional crust and upper mantle structure. Travel-time uncertainty estimates are used in the process of associating seismic phases to events and to accurately calculate location uncertainty bounds (i.e. event location error ellipses). We improve on the current distance-dependent uncertainty parameterization for RSTT using a random effects model to estimate slowness (inverse velocity) uncertainty as a mean squared error for each model parameter. The random effects model separates the error between observed slowness and model predicted slowness into bias and random components. The path-specific travel-time uncertainty is calculated by integrating these mean squared errors along a seismic-phase ray path. We demonstrate that event location error ellipses computed for a 90% coverage ellipse metric (used by the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization International Data Centre (IDC)), and using the path-specific travel-time uncertainty approach, are more representative (median 82.5% ellipse percentage) of true location error than error ellipses computed using distance-dependent travel-time uncertainties (median 70.1%). We also demonstrate measurable improvement in location uncertainties using the RSTT method compared to the current station correction approach used at the IDC (median 74.3% coverage ellipse).

Download Full-text

Random Effects Model in Panel Data: Empirical analysis based on Poverty Governance in China

2020 16th Dahe Fortune China Forum and Chinese High-educational Management Annual Academic Conference (DFHMC) ◽

10.1109/dfhmc52214.2020.00065 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Zheng Cheng ◽

Xinghua Zhao

Keyword(s):

Panel Data ◽

Empirical Analysis ◽

Random Effects ◽

Random Effects Model

Download Full-text

Skin Color Matters in the Latinx Community: A Call for Action in Research, Training, and Practice

Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences ◽

10.1177/0739986321995910 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 073998632199591

Author(s):

Milton A. Fuentes ◽

Jazmin A. Reyes-Portillo ◽

Petty Tineo ◽

Kenny Gonzalez ◽

Mamona Butt

Keyword(s):

Cultural Diversity ◽

Random Effects ◽

Undergraduate Students ◽

Skin Color ◽

Clinical Training ◽

Research Training ◽

Random Effects Model ◽

Concerted Effort ◽

Training And Research

While skin color is relevant and important in the Latinx community, as it is associated with colorism, little is known about how often it is measured or the best way to measure it. This article presents results from two studies examining these key concerns in three prominent journals, where Latinx research is typically published (i.e., the Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences, the Journal of Latinx Psychology, and Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology). Study one examined whether skin color was measured as a variable, and if so, what measures and methodologies were used. A review of articles ( n = 1,137) showed few studies measured skin color in these three journals, with studies that did so relying on various approaches. Study two aimed to assess the reliability of a widely used skin color measure, the Massey-Martin scale, also known as the New Immigrant Survey (NIS) Skin Scale. Using a sample of 169 undergraduate students, self-ratings, coder ratings, and in vivo ratings were obtained and compared. One-way random effects model analyses indicated excellent reliability with minimal variability across the various ratings. Our findings suggest a critical need to engage in a more concerted effort to assess and discuss the relevance and importance of skin color within the Latinx community. The authors offer some suggestions on how to facilitate these efforts in clinical, training, and research arenas.

Download Full-text

Gunshot Wounds to the Lumbosacral Spine: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Global Spine Journal ◽

10.1177/21925682211030873 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 219256822110308

Author(s):

Andrew Platt ◽

Mostafa H. El Dafrawy ◽

Michael J. Lee ◽

Martin H. Herman ◽

Edwin Ramos

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Random Effects ◽

Surgical Intervention ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Gunshot Wounds ◽

Operative Management ◽

Operative Intervention ◽

Lumbosacral Spine ◽

Random Effects Model ◽

Significant Difference

Study Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Objectives: Indications for surgical decompression of gunshot wounds to the lumbosacral spine are controversial and based on limited data. Methods: A systematic review of literature was conducted to identify studies that directly compare neurologic outcomes following operative and non-operative management of gunshot wounds to the lumbosacral spine. Studies were evaluated for degree of neurologic improvement, complications, and antibiotic usage. An odds ratio and 95% confidence interval were calculated for dichotomous outcomes which were then pooled by random-effects model meta-analysis. Results: Five studies were included that met inclusion criteria. The total rate of neurologic improvement was 72.3% following surgical intervention and 61.7% following non-operative intervention. A random-effects model meta-analysis was carried out which failed to show a statistically significant difference in the rate of neurologic improvement between surgical and non-operative intervention (OR 1.07; 95% CI 0.45, 2.53; P = 0.88). In civilian only studies, a random-effects model meta-analysis failed to show a statistically significant difference in the rate of neurologic improvement between surgical and non-operative intervention (OR 0.75; 95% CI 0.21, 2.72; P = 0.66). Meta-analysis further failed to show a statistically significant difference in the rate of neurologic improvement between patients with either complete (OR 4.13; 95% CI 0.55, 30.80; P = 0.17) or incomplete (OR 0.38; 95% CI 0.10, 1.52; P = 0.17) neurologic injuries who underwent surgical and non-operative intervention. There were no significant differences in the number of infections and other complications between patients who underwent surgical and non-operative intervention. Conclusions: There were no statistically significant differences in the rate of neurologic improvement between those who underwent surgical or non-operative intervention. Further research is necessary to determine if surgical intervention for gunshot wounds to the lumbosacral spine, including in the case of retained bullet within the spinal canal, is efficacious.

Download Full-text