scholarly journals Reactive Oxygen Species Production in the Early and Later Stage of Chronic Ventilatory Hypoxia

2012 ◽  
pp. 145-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. HODYC ◽  
E. JOHNSON ◽  
A. SKOUMALOVÁ ◽  
J. TKACZYK ◽  
H. MAXOVÁ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Chronic Hypoxia ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
No Production ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Air Plasma ◽  
Species Production ◽  
Specific Timing

Pulmonary hypertension resulting from chronic hypoxia is at least partly caused by the increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The goal of the presented study was to investigate the dynamics and the site of production of ROS during chronic hypoxia. In our study Wistar rats were kept for 1, 4 and 21 days in an isobaric hypoxic chamber (FiO2=0.1), while controls stayed in normoxia. We compared NO production in expired air, plasma and perfusate drained from isolated rat lungs and measured superoxide concentration in the perfusate. We also detected the presence of superoxide products (hydrogen peroxide and peroxynitrite) and the level of ROS-induced damage expressed as the concentration of lipid peroxydation end products. We found that the production and release of ROS and NO during early phase of chronic hypoxia has specific timing and differs in various compartments, suggesting the crucial role of ROS interaction for development of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension.

scholarly journals PINK1 deficiency impairs osteoblast differentiation through aberrant mitochondrial homeostasis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
So-Young Lee ◽  
Hyun-Ju An ◽  
Jin Man Kim ◽  
Min-Ji Sung ◽  
Do Kyung Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Quality Control ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species Production ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Mitochondrial Quality Control ◽  
Mitochondrial Homeostasis ◽  
Ovariectomized Mice ◽  
Species Production

Abstract Background PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1) is a serine/threonine-protein kinase in mitochondria that is critical for mitochondrial quality control. PINK1 triggers mitophagy, a selective autophagy of mitochondria, and is involved in mitochondrial regeneration. Although increments of mitochondrial biogenesis and activity are known to be crucial during differentiation, data regarding the specific role of PINK1 in osteogenic maturation and bone remodeling are limited. Methods We adopted an ovariectomy model in female wildtype and Pink1−/− mice. Ovariectomized mice were analyzed using micro-CT, H&E staining, Masson’s trichrome staining. RT-PCR, western blot, immunofluorescence, alkaline phosphatase, and alizarin red staining were performed to assess the expression of PINK1 and osteogenic markers in silencing of PINK1 MC3T3-E1 cells. Clinical relevance of PINK1 expression levels was determined via qRT-PCR analysis in normal and osteoporosis patients. Results A significant decrease in bone mass and collagen deposition was observed in the femurs of Pink1−/− mice after ovariectomy. Ex vivo, differentiation of osteoblasts was inhibited upon Pink1 downregulation, accompanied by impaired mitochondrial homeostasis, increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production, and defects in mitochondrial calcium handling. Furthermore, PINK1 expression was reduced in bones from patients with osteoporosis, which supports the practical role of PINK1 in human bone disease. Conclusions In this study, we demonstrated that activation of PINK1 is a requisite in osteoblasts during differentiation, which is related to mitochondrial quality control and low reactive oxygen species production. Enhancing PINK1 activity might be a possible treatment target in bone diseases as it can promote a healthy pool of functional mitochondria in osteoblasts.

scholarly journals NADPH oxidases and reactive oxygen species at different stages of chronic hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension in newborn piglets

2009 ◽  
Vol 297 (4) ◽  
pp. L596-L607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen E. Dennis ◽  
J. L. Aschner ◽  
D. Milatovic ◽  
J. W. Schmidt ◽  
M. Aschner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Chronic Hypoxia ◽  
Oxidant Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Resistance Arteries ◽  
Newborn Piglets ◽  
Air Control

Recently, we reported that reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by NADPH oxidase (NOX) contribute to aberrant responses in pulmonary resistance arteries (PRAs) of piglets exposed to 3 days of hypoxia ( Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 295: L881–L888, 2008). An objective of the present study was to determine whether NOX-derived ROS also contribute to altered PRA responses at a more advanced stage of pulmonary hypertension, after 10 days of hypoxia. We further wished to advance knowledge about the specific NOX and antioxidant enzymes that are altered at early and later stages of pulmonary hypertension. Piglets were raised in room air (control) or hypoxia for 3 or 10 days. Using a cannulated artery technique, we found that treatments with agents that inhibit NOX (apocynin) or remove ROS [an SOD mimetic (M40403) + polyethylene glycol-catalase] diminished responses to ACh in PRAs from piglets exposed to 10 days of hypoxia. Western blot analysis showed an increase in expression of NOX1 and the membrane fraction of p67phox. Expression of NOX4, SOD2, and catalase were unchanged, whereas expression of SOD1 was reduced, in arteries from piglets raised in hypoxia for 3 or 10 days. Markers of oxidant stress, F2-isoprostanes, measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, were increased in PRAs from piglets raised in hypoxia for 3 days, but not 10 days. We conclude that ROS derived from some, but not all, NOX family members, as well as alterations in the antioxidant enzyme SOD1, contribute to aberrant PRA responses at an early and a more progressive stage of chronic hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension in newborn piglets.

scholarly journals Pulmonary Arterial Responses to Reactive Oxygen Species Are Altered in Newborn Piglets With Chronic Hypoxia-Induced Pulmonary Hypertension

2011 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Candice D Fike ◽  
Judy L Aschner ◽  
James C Slaughter ◽  
Mark R Kaplowitz ◽  
Yongmei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Chronic Hypoxia ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Newborn Piglets ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial ◽  
Arterial Responses

scholarly journals Role of Renal DJ-1 in the Pathogenesis of Hypertension Associated With Increased Reactive Oxygen Species Production

Hypertension ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 446-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santiago Cuevas ◽  
Yanrong Zhang ◽  
Yu Yang ◽  
Crisanto Escano ◽  
Laureano Asico ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species Production ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Species Production
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