scholarly journals Civilizing Mission: Animal Protection in Hobart 1878–1914

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-95
Author(s):  
Stefan Petrow
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Christian Faith ◽  
Civilizing Mission ◽  
Cultural Attitudes ◽  
Animal Protection ◽  
Pressure Groups ◽  
The Law ◽  
Cruelty To Animals ◽  
British Colonies

The Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals was one of the most prominent pressure groups in nineteenth-century England. This middle-class reform group, inspired by the Christian faith, led the movement to defend animals from mistreatment. It enforced the law using its army of Inspectors and used education to engender kindness towards animals. While historians have debated the work of the RSPCA at length, they have paid less attention to the work of branches of the SPCA established in the British colonies. This article focuses on the activities of the Tasmanian SPCA from its formation in 1878 to the suspension of its activities in 1914. The Tasmanian society was inspired by the philosophy and methods of the parent society and initiated a ‘civilizing mission’ to deal with the widespread cruelty to animals in the capital Hobart. This article assesses the work of the society in protecting domestic animals, especially horses, which were widely used for work, transport and recreation. Although difficult to measure changing cultural attitudes, by 1914 the TSPCA seems to have helped change long established practices and ensured that the law was of more than symbolic protection to animals.

‘A blow to the men in Pink’: The Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals and Opposition to Hunting in the Twentieth Century

Rural History ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
MICHAEL TICHELAR
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Public Opinion ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
Essential Feature ◽  
Public Attitudes ◽  
Rural Society ◽  
Pressure Groups ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cruelty To Animals

AbstractIn 1976 the RSPCA finally adopted a policy of opposition to fox hunting and the shooting of birds for sport after a long history of highly controversial internal debate and external lobbying by pressure groups. This article explores the possible long-term historical reasons behind the change of policy. It seeks to begin to fill a gap in the historical literature and explain the changes in public opinion towards hunting that occurred during the course of the twentieth century by looking at key episodes in the history of the RSPCA up to the 1970s. It shows there was a decline in aristocratic dominance on the ruling council of the RSPCA after the 1920s, but other reasons for the change in policy included the increasing influence of an urban/metropolitan view of the countryside after the 1950s; changing public attitudes towards farmers, who had been traditional supporters of hunting; and the increasing importance of environmentalism and ecology after 1960. By the end of the twentieth century it was no longer possible to argue that hunting was an essential feature of rural society and culture, despite the continuing popularity and survival of fox hunting with hounds.

scholarly journals Can experiments on animals constitute a criminal offence of cruelty to animals?

2014 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 1339-1344
Author(s):  
Branislav Ristivojevic ◽  
Tatjana Bugarski
Keyword(s):  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Legal Rule ◽  
The Other ◽  
European Convention ◽  
Criminal Prosecution ◽  
Criminal Offence ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
The Law ◽  
Cruelty To Animals

The criminal offence ?killing and torturing animals? under Article 269 of the Criminal Code says that it can be committed only ?contrary to regulations?. The regulations governing the treatment of experimental animals are the Animal Welfare Law from 2009 and the Law on the Ratification of the European Convention for the Protection of Vertebrate Animals used for experimental and other scientific purposes amended by the Protocol of amendment to the European Convention for the Protection of Vertebrate Animals used for experimental and other scientific purposes from 2010. The first one imposes numerous obligations and introduces numerous prohibitions in the treatment of experimental animals, which at first sight make the possibilities of committing this criminal offence greater. The other law does not contain most of the prohibitions and restrictions that are included in the Animal Welfare Law. Thanks to a legal rule which says that a later law regulating the same subject replaces the former one (lex posterior derogate legi priori) and the aforementioned unconstitutionality of many provisions of the Animal Welfare Law, researchers and teachers in Serbia are not in particular danger of criminal prosecution.

XXIV. On the nature of the function expressive of the law of human mortality, and on a new mode of determining the value of life contingencies. In a letter to Francis Baily, Esq. F. R. S. &c

1825 ◽  
Vol 115 ◽  
pp. 513-583 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
Value Of Life ◽  
Human Mortality ◽  
The Law

Dear Sir, The frequent opportunities I have had of receiving pleasure from your writings and conversation, have induced me to prefer offering to the Royal Society through your medium, this Paper on Life Contingencies, which forms part of a continuation of my original paper on the same subject, published among the valuable papers of the Society, as by passing through your hands it may receive the advantage of your judgment.

Twintig jaar politieke strijd rond de abortuswetgeving in België (1970-1990)

Res Publica ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 427-487
Author(s):  
Els Witte
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Political Crisis ◽  
Pressure Groups ◽  
Abortion Law ◽  
Long Period ◽  
The Law ◽  
The One

Tbe struggle for the liberalization of the law on abortion began in Belgium in 1970 when the taboo was breached in an initial bill. However, support by pressure groups failed and this led to a long period of nondecision, which may be explained by the disunity in the camp of the supporters on the one hand and the blocking tactics of the Flemish Christian Democrats on the other. In 1986 a compromise between supporters finally emerged, and via a majority which cut right through the governmental coalition an abortion law was approved at the end of March 1990, which closely corresponds to British, French and Dutch legislation.  The catholic monarch's refusal to ratify the bill caused a political crisis which was solved by the unanimous signing by the assembled ministers.

Borderland

Quarters ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 127-164
Author(s):  
John Gilbert McCurdy
Keyword(s):  
Native Americans ◽  
Mississippi River ◽  
North American ◽  
Unsolved Problem ◽  
Appalachian Mountains ◽  
The North ◽  
The Law ◽  
British Colonies

This chapter unearths quartering on the North American borderland where colonists and Native Americans struggled to live alongside one another, especially in the backcountry between the Appalachian Mountains and the Mississippi River. The Quartering Act included provisions to extend the law to places that were not organized British colonies, although this enforcement largely failed. Colonists and speculators advocated opening the backcountry to colonization as a means of paying for quartering troops, while Indian superintendents and British officers sought to leave the region to Native Americans. Ultimately, neither side prevailed; the borderland persisted and quartering in the backcountry remained an unsolved problem.

One biology, ethics, sentience and sustainability.

2021 ◽  
pp. 3-13
Author(s):  
Donald M. Broom
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Animal Protection

Abstract This chapter discusses the concepts of one biology, sentience and animal protection, as well as ideas on genes, environment, ethics, attitudes to domestic and other animals, and on how to measure sustainability and number of domestic animals.

The Concerns of the Founders

2020 ◽  
pp. 21-42
Author(s):  
Howard Gillman ◽  
Erwin Chemerinsky
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Religious Diversity ◽  
Bill Of Rights ◽  
Free Exercise ◽  
Religious Doctrine ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Government ◽  
British Colonies ◽  
Law Making

In the century after the founding of the British colonies in North America, the traditional governing model of establishment (of an official religion) plus conformity (to government-approved religious doctrine and practice) was replaced by a view that the government should be secular and tolerant of religious diversity. The Constitution and the Bill of Rights constructed a government that claimed no relationship to any particular religion, insisted on no test for religious office, vested in the law-making body no authority to legislate on matters of religion, and specifically prohibited the passage of any law respecting an establishment of religion or prohibiting the free exercise thereof. Even with these historic changes, the Constitution left unresolved some basic questions about the meaning of the Religion Clauses.

scholarly journals Mathematical contributions to the theory of evolution.—On the law of reversion

1900 ◽  
Vol 66 (424-433) ◽  
pp. 140-164 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
Theory Of Evolution ◽  
The Law

(1) Introductory .—In a memoir recently presented to the Royal Society, I have endeavoured to emphasise the importance of distinguishing between three diverse types of heredity, namely (i), Blended Inheritance, (ii) Exclusive Inheritance, and (iii) Particulate Inheritance.

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