scholarly journals Case Report: Autoimmune Hemolysis Anemia After Dihydroartemisinin and Piperaquine for Uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum Malaria

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marion Louvois ◽  
Loïc Simon ◽  
Christelle Pomares ◽  
Pierre-Yves Jeandel ◽  
Elisa Demonchy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Hemolytic Anemia ◽  
Standard Treatment ◽  
Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria ◽  
Autoimmune Process ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Antiglobulin Test ◽  
Imported Cases ◽  
Positive Direct ◽  
Uncomplicated Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria

Malaria is still an endemic disease in Africa, with many imported cases in Europe. The standard treatment is intravenous artesunate for severe malaria and oral artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) for uncomplicated malaria. Delayed hemolytic anemia (DHA) after intravenous artesunate has been extensively described, and guidelines recommend biological monitoring until 1 month after the end of the treatment. A link with an autoimmune process is still unsure. Nevertheless, cases with positive direct antiglobulin test (DAT) have been reported. Conversely, DHA is not recognized as an adverse effect of oral ACT. Previously, only few cases of DHA occurring after oral ACT without intravenous artesunate administration have been reported. We report the case of a 42-year-old man returning from Togo. He was treated with dihydroartemisinin/piperaquine combination for uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria, with low parasitemia. Nine days after the end of the treatment, the patient developed hemolytic anemia with positive DAT. Eventually, the patient recovered after corticotherapy. After excluding common causes of autoimmune hemolytic anemia, we considered that dihydroartemisinin/piperaquine treatment was involved in this side effect.

scholarly journals Autoimmune Hemolysis Anemia After Dihydroartemisinin and Piperaquine for Uncomplicated Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
marion louvois ◽  
Loic Simon ◽  
Christelle Pomares ◽  
P-Y. Jeandel ◽  
Elisa Demonchy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Falciparum Malaria ◽  
Hemolytic Anemia ◽  
Standard Treatment ◽  
Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria ◽  
Autoimmune Process ◽  
First Case ◽  
Imported Cases ◽  
Positive Direct ◽  
Uncomplicated Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria

Abstract BackgroundMalaria is still an endemic disease in Africa with many imported cases in Europe. The standard treatment is intravenous artesunate for severe malaria and oral artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) for uncomplicated malaria. Delayed hemolytic anemia (DHA) after intravenous artesunate has been extensively described and guidelines recommend a biological monitoring until one month after the end of the treatment. The link with an autoimmune process is unsure. Nevertheless, cases with positive direct antiglobulin test (DAT) have been reported. Conversely, DHA is not recognized as an adverse effect of oral ACT. Previously, only two cases of DHA occurring after oral ACT without intravenous artesunate administration have been reported. Case presentationWe report the case of a 42 year old man returning from Togo. He was treated with dihydroartemisinin / piperaquine combination for an uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Nine days after the end of the treatment he developed hemolytic anemia with positive DAT. Eventually, the patient recovered after corticotherapy. ConclusionThis is the first case report of autoimmune hemolytic anemia after treatment with dihydroartemisinin and piperaquine.

Fever in the returning traveller: Dual infection with SARS-CoV-2 and Plasmodium falciparum malaria

2020 ◽  
pp. 105-108
Author(s):  
MA Parker ◽  
E Nell ◽  
A Mowlana ◽  
MS Moolla ◽  
S Karamchand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Falciparum Malaria ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Febrile Illness ◽  
Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria ◽  
Dual Infection ◽  
Pneumocystis Pneumonia ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
Uncomplicated Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria

Background: More than 90% of the global 400 000 annual malaria deaths occur in Africa. The current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has resulted in more than 830 000 deaths in its first 10 months. Case presentation: This case describes a patient who had travelled from Mozambique to Cape Town, presented with a mild febrile illness, and was diagnosed with both COVID-19 and uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria infection. She responded well to malaria treatment and had an uneventful COVID-19 admission. Her blood smear showed a low malaria parasitaemia and a relatively high gametocyte load. Conclusion: We postulate that her clinical course and abnormal smear could well be due to reciprocal disease-modifying effects of the infections. The presenting symptoms of COVID-19 may mimic endemic infectious diseases including malaria, tuberculosis, pneumocystis pneumonia and influenza thus there is a need for clinical vigilance to identify and treat such co-infections.

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