scholarly journals Dynamics of Visual Adaptation With Simultaneous Stimulation of Two Visual Pathways

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clemente Paz-Filgueira ◽  
Michael Tan ◽  
Sarah Elliott ◽  
Dingcai Cao
Keyword(s):  
Retinal Ganglion Cells ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Visual Pathway ◽  
Visual Pathways ◽  
Visual Adaptation ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Retinal Ganglion ◽  
Simultaneous Stimulation ◽  
Adaptation Model ◽  
Stimulation Of

Primates’ retinal ganglion cells in different visual pathways have been shown to adapt independently (Current Biology 22 (2012) 220–224). However, the manner in which adaptation occurs under simultaneous stimulation of two visual pathways has not yet been explored. In this study, the dynamics of color afterimages were measured while stimulating one or two visual pathway using a time-varying afterimage paradigm. The dynamics of adaptation was approximately equivalent among the three primary visual pathways, but adaptation was slower for simultaneous stimulation of two visual pathways compared to the stimulation of one visual pathway. In addition, we found that the speed of adaptation also depends upon which two pathways are combined. We developed a two-stage adaptation model, both with the same dynamics, to account for the results with simultaneous stimulation of two pathways.

scholarly journals Stimulation of the P2X7 receptor kills rat retinal ganglion cells in vivo

2010 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huiling Hu ◽  
Wennan Lu ◽  
Mei Zhang ◽  
Xiulan Zhang ◽  
Arthur J. Argall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retinal Ganglion Cells ◽  
P2x7 Receptor ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Retinal Ganglion ◽  
Stimulation Of

Optimizing the Electrical Stimulation of Retinal Ganglion Cells

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Hadjinicolaou ◽  
C. O. Savage ◽  
N. V. Apollo ◽  
D. J. Garrett ◽  
S. L. Cloherty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Retinal Ganglion Cells ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Retinal Ganglion ◽  
Stimulation Of

scholarly journals Naturalistic spatiotemporal stimulus modulation during epiretinal stimulation increases the persistence of retinal ganglion cell responsivity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naïg Aurélia Ludmilla Chenais ◽  
Marta Jole Ildelfonsa Airaghi Leccardi ◽  
Diego Ghezzi
Keyword(s):  
Retinal Ganglion Cells ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Artificial Vision ◽  
Retinal Ganglion ◽  
Electric Pulses ◽  
Retinal Stimulation ◽  
Electrophysiological Recordings ◽  
Stimulus Modulation ◽  
Stimulation Of ◽  
Blind Patients

AbstractObjectiveRetinal stimulation in blind patients evokes the sensation of discrete points of light called phosphenes, which allows them performing visual guided tasks, such as orientation, navigation, object recognition, object manipulation and reading. However, the clinical benefit of artificial vision in profoundly blind patients is still tenuous, as several engineering and biophysical obstacles keep it away from natural perception. The relative preservation of the inner retinal neurons in hereditary degenerative retinal diseases, such as retinitis pigmentosa, supports artificial vision through the network-mediated stimulation of retinal ganglion cells. However, the response of retinal ganglion cells to repeated electrical stimulation rapidly declines, primarily because of the intrinsic desensitisation of their excitatory network. In patients, upon repetitive stimulation, phosphenes fade out in less than half of a second, which drastically limits the understanding of the percept.ApproachA more naturalistic stimulation strategy, based on spatiotemporal modulation of electric pulses, could overcome the desensitisation of retinal ganglion cells. To investigate this hypothesis, we performed network-mediated epiretinal stimulations paired to electrophysiological recordings in retinas explanted from both male and female retinal degeneration 10 mice.Main resultsThe results showed that the spatial and temporal modulation of the network-mediated epiretinal stimulation prolonged the responsivity of retinal ganglion cells from 400 ms up to 4.2 s.SignificanceA time-varied, non-stationary and interrupted stimulation of the retinal network, mimicking involuntary microsaccades, might reduce the fading of the visual percept and improve the clinical efficacy of retinal implants.

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