Discharges of tectal neurons evoked by electrical stimulation of single retinal ganglion cells in frogs

1985 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 641-646
Author(s):  
A. V. Kuras ◽  
N. P. Khusainovene
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Retinal Ganglion Cells ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Retinal Ganglion ◽  
Tectal Neurons ◽  
Stimulation Of

Optimizing the Electrical Stimulation of Retinal Ganglion Cells

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Hadjinicolaou ◽  
C. O. Savage ◽  
N. V. Apollo ◽  
D. J. Garrett ◽  
S. L. Cloherty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Retinal Ganglion Cells ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Retinal Ganglion ◽  
Stimulation Of

Electrical stimulation of retinal ganglion cells with diamond and the development of an all diamond retinal prosthesis

Biomaterials ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (24) ◽  
pp. 5812-5820 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex E. Hadjinicolaou ◽  
Ronald T. Leung ◽  
David J. Garrett ◽  
Kumaravelu Ganesan ◽  
Kate Fox ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Retinal Ganglion Cells ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Retinal Prosthesis ◽  
Retinal Ganglion ◽  
Stimulation Of

Superior colliculus cell responses to electrical stimulation of the retina

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Molotchnikoff ◽  
P. L'archevêque
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Superior Colliculus ◽  
Retinal Ganglion Cells ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Optic Tract ◽  
Retinal Ganglion ◽  
Cell Responses ◽  
Prolonged Discharge ◽  
Stimulation Of

Superior colliculus cell discharges in response to electrical stimulation of the retina were investigated in rabbit. In contrast with the responses at the optic tract level both polarities evoked discharges of equal latencies suggesting a convergence of ON- and OFF-centre retinal ganglion cells upon one collicular unit. Three typical patterns of responses could be distinguished. Thus, 40% of cells reacted with a burst, 47% with a prolonged discharge, and 5% responded by a transient inhibition. The responses of the remaining cells could not be classified.

scholarly journals Focal Electrical Stimulation of Human Retinal Ganglion Cells

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sasi Madugula ◽  
Alex R. Gogliettino ◽  
Moosa Zaidi ◽  
Gorish Aggarwal ◽  
Alexandra Kling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Retinal Ganglion Cells ◽  
Visual Information ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Retinal Ganglion ◽  
Single Spike ◽  
Axon Bundle ◽  
Stimulation Of

ABSTRACTElectrical stimulation of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), which transmit visual information to the brain, is used in retinal implants to treat blindness caused by photoreceptor degeneration. However, the performance of existing clinical implants is limited by indiscriminate stimulation of many cells and cell types. Recent work in isolated macaque retina has shown the ability to precisely evoke spikes in the major RGC types by direct electrical stimulation at safe current levels, with single-cell, single-spike resolution and avoidance of axon bundle activation in many cases. However, these findings have not been verified in the human retina. Here, electrical activation of the major human RGC types was examined using large-scale, multi-electrode recording and stimulation and compared to results from several macaque retinas obtained using the same methods. Electrical stimulation of the major human RGC types closely paralleled results in macaque, with similar somatic and axonal stimulation thresholds, cellular and cell type selectivity of stimulation, avoidance of axon bundle stimulation by calibration, targeting of different cell types based on their distinct electrical signatures, and potential efficacy of real-time stimulus optimization for artificial vision. The results indicate that the macaque retina provides a quantitatively accurate picture of how focal electrical stimulation can be used in future high-resolution implants.

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