scholarly journals From Containing the Atom to Mitigating Residual Risk: The German Imaginary of Nuclear Emergency Preparedness

Atmosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1302
Author(s):  
Tudor B. Ionescu
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Emergency Management ◽  
Decision Support Systems ◽  
Support Systems ◽  
Atmospheric Dispersion ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Dispersion Models ◽  
Nuclear Facilities ◽  
Atmospheric Dispersion Models ◽  
Nuclear Emergency

Grounded in a social scientific research approach, the present case study traces the shift in the German nuclear regulatory culture from prevention to preparedness, the latter of which builds upon decision support systems for nuclear emergency management. These systems integrate atmospheric dispersion models for tracing radioactive materials released accidentally from nuclear facilities. For atmospheric dispersion modelers and emergency managers, this article provides a critical historical perspective on the practical, epistemic, and organizational issues surrounding the use of decision support systems for nuclear emergency management. This perspective suggests that atmospheric dispersion models are embedded within an entire assemblage of institutions, technologies, and practices of preparedness, which are challenged by the uniqueness of each nuclear accident.

Decision Models and Group Decision Support Systems for Emergency Management and City Resilience

2021 ◽  
pp. 723-740
Author(s):  
Yumei Chen ◽  
Xiaoyi Zhao ◽  
Eliot Rich ◽  
Luis Felipe Luna-Reyes
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Emergency Management ◽  
Decision Support Systems ◽  
Group Decision ◽  
Support Systems ◽  
Group Decision Support ◽  
Group Decision Support Systems ◽  
Decision Models ◽  
Graduate Course ◽  
Coastal Cities

This paper introduces the concept of Group Decision Support Systems (GDSS) as a tool to support emergency management and resilience in coastal cities. As an illustration of the potential value of GDSS, we discuss the use of the Pointe Claire teaching case. Participants in the exercise work in groups to approach the case using four different computer-supported decision models to explore and recommend policies for emergency mitigation and city resilience. The case, as well as the decision models, can be a valuable GDSS tool, particularly in the mitigation stages of the emergency management cycle. We present preliminary results from the use of the case, models and a simulation environment in a graduate course. We finish the paper by presenting our experience as a framework for building more efficient and secure emergency management systems through the use of GDSS.

A Participatory Approach to Designing Decision Support Systems in Emergency Management

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pietro Baroni ◽  
Daniela Fogli ◽  
Massimiliano Giacomin ◽  
Giovanni Guida ◽  
Loredana Parasiliti Provenza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Emergency Management ◽  
Decision Support Systems ◽  
Participatory Design ◽  
Support Systems ◽  
Participatory Approach ◽  
Work Environments ◽  
System Evaluation ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Pandemic Flu

This article presents a participatory design approach to Decision Support Systems, which is specifically built to face the socio-technical gap that often impedes DSS acceptability by end-users in real work environments. The approach has been experimented in two case studies in the field of health-related emergencies, namely earthquake and pandemic flu. The application of the approach and the results obtained are described with specific focus on the phases of requirement analysis and system evaluation.

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