scholarly journals The Resistance Force of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament during Pull Probing Is Related to the Mechanical Property

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Takehito Hananouchi ◽  
Tomoyuki Suzuki ◽  
Erik W. Dorthe ◽  
Jiang Du ◽  
Darryl D. D’Lima
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Property ◽  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Tensile Testing ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Resistance Force ◽  
Initial Tension ◽  
Reconstruction Surgery ◽  
Anterior Cruciate

There are various methods for reconstructing the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) from other muscles or tendons. Initial tension of the reconstructed ACL is one of the key elements affecting postoperative outcomes. However, tension cannot be measured after graft fixation. The only intraoperative assessment is pull probing, which is performed by pulling joint soft tissues with the arthroscopic probe and can be measured quantitatively. Therefore, its value might be used as an alternative value for the mechanical property of the ACL. Using a probing device one author developed to measure the resistance force of soft tissues quantitatively while probing, we measured the resistance force of dissected ACLs and used tensile testing to investigate the correlation between the resistance force and the mechanical property of the ligaments. According to the results, when a certain amount of tension (strain; 16.6%) was applied, its mechanical properties were moderately correlated (r = 0.56 [p = 0.045]) with the probing force. Therefore, the tension of the reconstructed ACL after fixation under real ACL reconstruction surgery can be derived from the value of the probing device.

scholarly journals Does estrogen alter the mechanical properties of the anterior cruciate ligament?: An experimental study in rabbits

2006 ◽  
Vol 77 (6) ◽  
pp. 973-980 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsuro Komatsuda ◽  
Takehiko Sugita ◽  
Hirotaka Sano ◽  
Takashi Kusakabe ◽  
Munenori Watanuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Anterior Cruciate

scholarly journals Effects of Distally Fixated Versus Nondistally Fixated Leg Extensor Resistance Training on Knee Pain in the Early Period After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction

2002 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew C Morrissey ◽  
Wendy I Drechsler ◽  
Dylan Morrissey ◽  
Philippa R Knight ◽  
Paul W Armstrong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Acl Reconstruction ◽  
Knee Pain ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Kinetic Chain ◽  
Reconstruction Surgery ◽  
Open Kinetic Chain ◽  
Anterior Cruciate

Abstract Background and Purpose. Nondistally fixated (ie, what is often referred to as “open kinetic chain” [OKC]) knee extensor resistance training appears to have lost favor for some forms of rehabilitation due partly to concerns that this exercise will irritate the extensor mechanism. In this randomized, single-blind clinical trial, nondistally fixated versus distally fixated (ie, often called “closed kinetic chain” [CKC]) leg extensor training were compared for their effects on knee pain. Subjects. Forty-three patients recovering from anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction surgery (34 male, 9 female; mean age=29 years, SD=7.9, range=16–54). Methods. Knee pain was measured at 2 and 6 weeks after ACL reconstruction surgery using visual analog scales in a self-assessment questionnaire and during maximal isometric contractions of the knee extensors. Between test sessions, subjects trained 3 times per week using either OKC or CKC resistance of their knee and hip extensors as part of their physical therapy. Results. No differences in knee pain were found between the treatment groups. Discussion and Conclusion. Open kinetic chain and CKC leg extensor training in the early period after ACL reconstruction surgery do not differ in their immediate effects on anterior knee pain. Based on these findings, further studies are needed using different exercise dosages and patient groups.

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