scholarly journals Effect of Bombyx mori on the Liver Protection of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Based on In Vitro and In Vivo Models

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-35
Author(s):  
Miey Park ◽  
Chaewon Kang ◽  
Hae-Jeung Lee
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Bombyx Mori ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Microbiota Analysis ◽  
Hepatoprotective Effects ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Edible insects, Bombyx mori (silkworm; SW), which feed on mulberry leaves, have been consumed by humans for a long time as supplements or traditional medication. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a liver metabolic disorder that affects many people worldwide. We examined the hepatoprotective effects of SW using in vitro and high-fat and high-fructose (HFHF) diet-induced obese in vivo model mice by real-time PCR, immunoblot analysis, and fecal microbiota analysis. SW significantly reduced lipid accumulation and expression of the lipogenic genes in HepG2 cells and the livers of HFHF-induced mice. SW caused significant reductions in triglycerides, and total cholesterol in serum and upregulation of fatty acid oxidation markers compared to the HFHF group. Besides, SW significantly induced phosphorylation of AMPK and ACC in both models, suggesting roles in AMPK activation and the ACC signaling pathway. Furthermore, the gut microbiota analysis demonstrated that SW treatment reduced Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratios and the relative abundance of the Lachnospiraceae family compared to HFHF-induced obese mice. These results provide a novel therapeutic agent of hepatoprotective effects of SW for non-alcoholic hepatic steatosis that targets hepatic AMPK and ACC-mediated lipid metabolism.

scholarly journals Naringin protects against non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by promoting autophagic flux and lipophagy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingling Guan ◽  
Lan Guo ◽  
Heng Zhang ◽  
Hao Liu ◽  
Yuan Qiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Hepatic Steatosis ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Autophagic Flux ◽  
Mechanism Study ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Abstract Background and Purpose: The autophagic degradation of lipid droplets (LDs), termed lipophagy, is the main mechanism contributing to lipid consumption in hepatocytes. The identification of effective and safe natural compounds that target lipophagy to eliminate excess lipids may be a potential therapeutic strategy for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Here, we investigated the effects of naringin on NAFLD and the underlying mechanism. Experimental Approach: The role of naringin was investigated in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) to induce NAFLD, as well as in AML12 cells and primary hepatocytes stimulated by palmitate (PA). Transcription factor EB (TFEB)-knockdown AML12 cells and hepatocyte-specific TFEB-knockout mice were also used for the mechanism study. In vivo and in vitro studies were conducted using transmission electron microscopy, immunofluorescence techniques and western blot analysis. Key Results: We found that naringin treatment effectively relieved HFD-induced hepatic steatosis in mice and inhibited palmitate (PA)-induced lipid accumulation in hepatocytes. The increased p62 and LC3-II levels observed with excess lipid-support autophagosome accumulation and impaired autophagic flux. Treatment with naringin restored TFEB-mediated lysosomal biogenesis, thereby promoting the fusion of autophagosomes and lysosomes, restoring impaired autophagic flux and further inducing lipophagy. However, the knockdown of TFEB in hepatocytes or the hepatocyte-specific knockout of TFEB in mice abrogated naringin-induced lipophagy, which eliminated the therapeutic effect of naringin on hepatic steatosis. Conclusion and Implications: These results demonstrate that TFEB-mediated lysosomal biogenesis and subsequent lipophagy play essential roles in the ability of naringin to mitigate hepatic steatosis and suggest that naringin is a promising drug for treating or relieving NAFLD.

Hepatoprotective effects of herbal medicines against non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; A systematic review of clinical and in vivo studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 07 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Moayyedkazemi ◽  
Morteza Amraei ◽  
Efran Babaei Nejad ◽  
Ali Moghaddam ◽  
Kimia Karami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Hepatoprotective Effects ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Background: In this systematic review, we mainly emphasis on the current advances on the hepatoprotective effects of medicinal herbs in the non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLD) treatment. Methods: This review was done based on the 06- PRISMA guideline (Moher, Liberati Tetzlaff, & Altman, 2009) and registered in the CAMARADES-NC3Rs Preclinical Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Facility (SyRF) database. We did all the research in scientific databases in some English language databases, such as Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and EMBASE, with no limitation in time to find the in vivo and clinical investigations on hepatoprotective effects of herbal medicines on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. The selected words and terms for our search were: “fatty liver”, “extract”, “essential oil”, “clinical trial”, “herbal medicine”, “medicinal plants”, and “non-alcoholic fatty liver”. Results: Out of 21230 papers, 28 papers including 21 in vivo (75.0%), and 7 clinical trials (25.0%) up to 2020, met the inclusion criteria for discussion in this systematic review. The most part used of plants were leaves (14, 50.0%), rhizome (4, 14.3%), seeds (3, 10.3%), respectively. The most formulations of medicinal herbs were extracts essential oil (9, 35.7%) followed by ethanolic extract (5, 17.8%). The most animals used in vivo studies were rats (12, 42.8%) followed by mice (9, 32.1%). The obtained results also showed that the most period of administrated by these plants were 12 weeks (6, 21.4%), 2 months (6, 21.4%), and 30 days (3, 10.7%), respectively. Conclusion: The obtained findings of the present review demonstrated that medicinal plants due to high availability, high efficacy, and low or minimal toxicity are considered as a valuable and proper alternative to chemical synthetic drugs to treat and prevent of NAFLD. However, further studies especially on the toxicity of these agents are required to approve these recommendations.

scholarly journals Blueberry, combined with probiotics, alleviates non-alcoholic fatty liver diseaseviaIL-22-mediated JAK1/STAT3/BAX signaling

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 6298-6306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juanjuan Zhu ◽  
Mingyu Zhou ◽  
Xueke Zhao ◽  
Mao Mu ◽  
Mingliang Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Blueberry, combined with probiotics, improves non-alcoholic fatty liver disease bothin vivoandin vitroby IL-22.

scholarly journals Studying non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: the ins and outs of in vivo, ex vivo and in vitro human models

2018 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte J. Green ◽  
Siôn A. Parry ◽  
Pippa J. Gunn ◽  
Carlo D.L. Ceresa ◽  
Fredrik Rosqvist ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

AbstractThe prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasing. Determining the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of human NAFLD will allow for evidence-based prevention strategies, and more targeted mechanistic investigations. Various in vivo, ex situ and in vitro models may be utilised to study NAFLD; but all come with their own specific caveats. Here, we review the human-based models and discuss their advantages and limitations in regards to studying the development and progression of NAFLD. Overall, in vivo whole-body human studies are advantageous in that they allow for investigation within the physiological setting, however, limited accessibility to the liver makes direct investigations challenging. Non-invasive imaging techniques are able to somewhat overcome this challenge, whilst the use of stable-isotope tracers enables mechanistic insight to be obtained. Recent technological advances (i.e. normothermic machine perfusion) have opened new opportunities to investigate whole-organ metabolism, thus ex situ livers can be investigated directly. Therefore, investigations that cannot be performed in vivo in humans have the potential to be undertaken. In vitro models offer the ability to perform investigations at a cellular level, aiding in elucidating the molecular mechanisms of NAFLD. However, a number of current models do not closely resemble the human condition and work is ongoing to optimise culturing parameters in order to recapitulate this. In summary, no single model currently provides insight into the development, pathophysiology and progression across the NAFLD spectrum, each experimental model has limitations, which need to be taken into consideration to ensure appropriate conclusions and extrapolation of findings are made.

scholarly journals In Vitro and In Vivo Models of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Critical Appraisal

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Pierre-Antoine Soret ◽  
Julie Magusto ◽  
Chantal Housset ◽  
Jérémie Gautheron
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Preclinical Research ◽  
In Vivo Models ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Cellular Models ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), including non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), represents the hepatic manifestation of obesity and metabolic syndrome. Due to the spread of the obesity epidemic, NAFLD is becoming the most common chronic liver disease and one of the principal indications for liver transplantation. However, no pharmacological treatment is currently approved to prevent the outbreak of NASH, which leads to fibrosis and cirrhosis. Preclinical research is required to improve our knowledge of NAFLD physiopathology and to identify new therapeutic targets. In the present review, we summarize advances in NAFLD preclinical models from cellular models, including new bioengineered platforms, to in vivo models, with a particular focus on genetic and dietary mouse models. We aim to discuss the advantages and limits of these different models.

scholarly journals Functional Foods for the Management of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Venkateish V. Palanisamy ◽  
Nivya Vijayan ◽  
Vani Vijay ◽  
Baskaran Vallikannan ◽  
Madan Kumar Perumal
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Functional Foods ◽  
Chronic Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Sedentary Life Style ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasingly evolving and a critical public health concern, raising the likelihood of liver cirrhosis, type 2 diabetes and cardiac problems. Existing epidemics of obesity and sedentary life style have lead to NAFLD’s elevated prevalence. In recent years there is profound change in the diet pattern, particularly the hypercaloric fat and carbohydrates for preventing or treating chronic liver disorders such as NASH and NAFLD. Functional and nutritional foods have contributed significantly to NAFLDimprovement and management. The justification for exploring functional foods as anti-NAFLD candidates for the chronic liver disease prevention is derived knowledge from in vitro and in vivo models. The findings from the in vitro and in vivo studies confirmed that these compounds are healthy, efficient, reversible inhibitors, when sufficiently consumed over a lifetime without severe toxicity, suitable for clinical trials and potentially becoming low-cost medication.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document