Adult Granulosa Cell Tumor in Pregnancy: A New Case and a Review of the Literature

Granulosa cell tumors are rare ovarian tumors that can arise during pregnancy. We present a new case of recurrent adult granulosa cell tumor (AGCT) in pregnancy and a systematic review of the literature. The new case described is a 41-year-old woman G5P1122 with a prior history of AGCT that was referred to our center at 29 weeks because of a symptomatic abdominal mass, compatible with a possible recurrence of AGCT. At 36 + 3 weeks, she underwent a cesarean delivery for preterm labor and a total hysterectomy with a radical surgical staging. A healthy female infant was delivered. The patient received a platinum-based chemotherapy, with a 26-month follow-up negative for recurrence. Analyzing our case with the four identified by the literature review, three were recurrent and two were primary AGCT. Only one required surgery for AGCT at 15 weeks, while another underwent chemotherapy in pregnancy. In the other three cases, surgery for AGCT was done at the time of cesarean delivery. There were three cases of preterm delivery. All five pregnancies resulted in the birth of live babies with weight adequate for gestational age. In conclusion, AGCT diagnosed in pregnancy is rare, reported in only five cases. All gave birth to live babies in the third trimester, and maternal outcome at up to 18 months showed no recurrence.

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Long natural history of recurrent granulosa cell tumor of the ovary 23 years after initial diagnosis: a case report and review of the literature

Gynecologic Oncology ◽

10.1016/j.ygyno.2004.09.023 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 96 (1) ◽

pp. 235-240 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

Katherine D. Crew ◽

Michael H. Cohen ◽

Daniel H. Smith ◽

Amy D. Tiersten ◽

Nikki M. Feirt ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Natural History ◽

Granulosa Cell ◽

Granulosa Cell Tumor ◽

Cell Tumor ◽

Initial Diagnosis ◽

Review Of The Literature ◽

History Of

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Multiple recurrence of granulosa cell tumor of the ovary: A case report and literature review

10.1055/s-0039-1685319 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Varkha Chandra ◽

Sandhya Jain ◽

Neerja Goel ◽

Bindia Gupta ◽

Shalini Rajaram

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Granulosa Cell ◽

Adnexal Mass ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Abdominal Mass ◽

Pelvic Mass ◽

Granulosa Cell Tumor ◽

Cell Tumor ◽

Surgical Staging ◽

Granulosa Cell Tumors

Introduction: Granulosa cell tumors comprise approximately 5% of all ovarian malignancy and account for 70% of malignant sex cord stromal tumors. Granulosa cell tumors have been diagnosed from infancy, the peak incidence being perimenopausal age. The potential of malignancy of these tumors is low, recurrences are often late and found in 10-33% of cases. Case Report: A 32-year-old P1L1 presented with large abdominal mass for which she underwent staging laparotomy with debulking surgery. She was a known case of granulosa cell tumor in the past and had undergone three laparotomies, along with chemotherapy. At the age of 13 yrs, she was diagnosed with a stage IA granulosa cell tumor (GCT) of the ovary first time. She underwent surgical staging and removal of left sided adnexal mass, after which she was asymptomatic for 7 years. In 2003 she again presented with lump abdomen for which she underwent resection of adnexal mass, histopathology was consistent with recurrent GCT. After second surgery she also received two cycles of chemotherapy. Despite adjuvant chemotherapy, patient presented again after three years in 2006 with adnexal mass and was found to have a third recurrence. At that time, she received 6 cycles of chemotherapy and the mass regressed. Meanwhile she got married and had one child. After four year in 2010 she again presented with lump abdomen and she underwent surgical staging, total abdominal hysterectomy with right salphingo ophorectomy along with removal of mass. After five year in 2015 she again presented with lump abdomen; there was a large pelvic mass which was removed and patient referred for chemotherapy. Discussion: GCTS which a rare malignant tumors of ovary tend to be associated with late recurrences. Although most recurrences occurs within 10 years after initial diagnosis, there are occasional reports of recurrences after10 years. We experienced the rare case of a patient who relapsed multiple times over 20 years, despite surgical and targeted treatment. Conclusion: The long history of granulosa cell tumor highlights the importance of extended follow up of the patient.

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Adult Testicular Granulosa Cell Tumor: A Review of the Literature for Clinicopathologic Predictors of Malignancy

Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine ◽

10.5858/2009-0512-rsr.1 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 135 (1) ◽

pp. 143-146 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Joshua Anspach Hanson ◽

Abiy B. Ambaye

Keyword(s):

Granulosa Cell ◽

Case Reports ◽

Granulosa Cell Tumor ◽

Malignant Potential ◽

Cell Tumor ◽

Review Of The Literature ◽

Stromal Tumors ◽

Granulosa Cell Tumors ◽

Pathologic Features ◽

Sex Cord Stromal Tumors

Abstract Adult testicular granulosa cell tumors are rare sex cord–stromal tumors of which only 28 have been previously reported. As compared with their ovarian counterparts, these tumors may follow a more aggressive course because the proportion of malignant cases is higher. To date, there are no clinical or pathologic features that definitively predict malignancy. We reviewed all prior case reports for features that may predict their malignant potential. Tumor size greater than 5.0 cm is the only feature statistically associated with malignancy. Mitotic count, tumor necrosis, patient age, and the presence of gynecomastia do not, at present, predict benign versus malignant behavior.

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Adult Granulosa Cell Tumor of the Testis: A Case Report with a Review of the Literature

Case Reports in Urology ◽

10.1155/2019/7156154 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Klaus-Peter Dieckmann ◽

Julia Bertolini ◽

Christian Wülfing

Keyword(s):

Granulosa Cell ◽

Present Report ◽

Granulosa Cell Tumor ◽

Cell Tumor ◽

Testicular Neoplasm ◽

Clinical Knowledge ◽

Review Of The Literature ◽

Median Tumor Size ◽

Scrotal Sonography ◽

One Year

Adult granulosa cell tumor (AGCT) of the testis represents a very rare testicular neoplasm that is poorly understood clinically. Here we report the case of a 22-year-old male who presented with unspecific scrotal symptoms. Scrotal sonography disclosed a 6 mm hypoechoic intratesticular lesion. Histological examination after orchiectomy revealed a homogeneous and well demarcated neoplasm with monomorphic cells with nuclear grooving and microfollicular formation of the so-called Call-Exner bodies. Immunohistology showed positive stainings of vimentin, calretinin, and inhibin with negative stainings of the typical germ cell tumor markers. Thus, the diagnosis of a benign AGCT was made. The patient is well one year after surgery. A total of 91 previous AGCT cases were identified in the literature. Median age of the cases reported to date is 44 years, median tumor size 3.2 cm. 54.3% of the AGCT cases were located on the left side. 12 cases (13.2%) were of malignant nature. Testis-sparing surgery would be the treatment of choice, but only two of all cases had received that procedure. The present report aims to increase the clinical knowledge of AGCT and specifically to increase the clinician’s vigilance with respect to testis-sparing surgery in probably benign testicular masses.

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Biphasic Malignant Testicular Sex Cord-Stromal Tumor in a Cotton-top Tamarin (Saguinus oedipus) with Review of the Literature

Veterinary Pathology ◽

10.1354/vp.45-6-922 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 45 (6) ◽

pp. 922-927 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

J. H. Yearley ◽

N. King ◽

X. Liu ◽

E. H. Curran ◽

S. P. O'Neil

Keyword(s):

Granulosa Cell ◽

Abdominal Mass ◽

Granulosa Cell Tumor ◽

Needle Aspiration ◽

Cell Tumor ◽

Stromal Tumor ◽

Histologic Examination ◽

Saguinus Oedipus ◽

Abdominal Tumor ◽

Sex Cord Stromal Tumor

A 20–year old male cotton-top tamarin ( Saguinus oedipus) was presented with unilateral enlargement of an intrascrotal testicle. Fine-needle aspiration cytology demonstrated a neoplastic population with Call-Exner-like bodies and features of malignancy. The animal was castrated, and histologic examination revealed a biphasic sex cord-stromal tumor, with one region resembling Sertoli-cell tumor and one region resembling granulosa-cell tumor, with extensive microfollicular pattern and many Call-Exner bodies. Eight months after castration, the animal was euthanized on discovery of a caudal abdominal mass that displaced organs, was highly infiltrative, and extended into the paravertebral musculature with lysis of vertebral bone. Metastases to lymph node and lung were also present. Histologic examination of the abdominal tumor showed multifocal formation of Call-Exner bodies in an otherwise highly dedifferentiated population. Positive immunolabeling for alpha inhibin confirmed the sex cord-stromal origin of the abdominal and paravertebral tumor masses. This case has similarities to malignant testicular granulosa-cell tumor of humans.

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