scholarly journals Research Advances in the Analysis of Nitrate Pollution Sources in a Freshwater Environment Using δ15N-NO3− and δ18O-NO3−

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (22) ◽  
pp. 11805
Author(s):  
Chao Niu ◽  
Tianlun Zhai ◽  
Qianqian Zhang ◽  
Huiwei Wang ◽  
Lele Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Source Apportionment ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Pollution Source ◽  
Nitrate Pollution ◽  
Pollution Sources ◽  
Source Analysis ◽  
Freshwater Environment ◽  
Initial Water ◽  
Groundwater Environment ◽  
Isotope Technique

Nitrate is usually the main pollution factor in the river water and groundwater environment because it has the characteristics of stable properties, high solubility and easy migration. In order to ensure the safety of water supply and effectively control nitrate pollution, it is very important to accurately identify the pollution sources of nitrate in freshwater environment. At present, as the most accurate source analysis method, isotope technology is widely used to identify the pollution sources of nitrate in water environment. However, the complexity of nitrate pollution sources and nitrogen migration and transformation in the water environment, coupled with the isotopic fractionation, has changed the nitrogen and oxygen isotopic values of nitrate in the initial water body, resulting in certain limitations in the application of this technology. This review systematically summarized the typical δ15N and δ18O-NO3− ranges of NO3− sources, described the progress in the application of isotope technique to identify nitrate pollution sources in water environment, analyzed the application of isotope technique in identifying the migration and transformation of nitrogen in water environment, and introduced the method of quantitative source apportionment. Lastly, we discussed the deficiency of isotope technique in nitrate pollution source identification and described the future development direction of the pollution source apportionment of nitrate in water environment.

scholarly journals Design of Intelligent Environmental Management and Decision-Making Platform for Small- and Medium-Sized Hydropower-Intensive Watersheds

2019 ◽  
Vol 136 ◽  
pp. 01004
Author(s):  
Chenyang Xue ◽  
Chaofeng Shao
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Watershed Management ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Ecological Monitoring ◽  
River Basin Management ◽  
Development Trend ◽  
Pollution Source ◽  
Source Analysis ◽  
Ecological Compensation ◽  
Intelligent Management

Watershed management includes the management of water resources, water environment, and water ecology. The use of intelligent management methods has become a new development trend. Facing the current situation of river basin management in China and the latest management requirements, the positioning of intellectualization in the top-level design of watershed management is clarified. Based on the vulnerability and complexity of ecosystem in small- and medium-sized hydropower-intensive watersheds, the overall framework of intelligent management and decision-making platform is designed, which covers water resource allocation, pollution source analysis, risk early warning, ecological monitoring, industrial access, ecological compensation, public participation, and other functional modules and forms a government–enterprise–society multi-management system.

scholarly journals Source Apportionment and Model Applicability of Heavy Metal Pollution in Farmland Soil Based on Three Receptor Models

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Liu ◽  
Shiyan Liao ◽  
Dongtao Wu ◽  
Gul Rukh ◽  
Zhenhua Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Source Apportionment ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollution ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Pollution Sources ◽  
Source Analysis ◽  
Sources Of Pollution ◽  
Farmland Soil

Abstract The identification of the source of heavy metal pollution and its quantification are the prerequisite of soil pollution control. The apcs-mlr, UNMIX and PMF models were employed to apportion pollution sources of Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Cr and Ni of the farmland soil in vicinity of an abandoned iron and steel plant. The sources, contribution rates and applicability of the models were evaluated. The potential ecological risk index revealed greatest ecological risk from Cd. The results of source apportionment illustrated that apcs-mlr and UNMIX models can verify each other for accurate allocation of pollution sources. The industrial sources were the main sources of pollution (32.41% ~ 38.42%), followed by agricultural sources (29.35% ~ 31.65%), traffic emission sources (21.03% ~ 21.51%), and natural sources of pollution were accounted for smallest proportion (11.2% ~ 14.42%). The PMF model was easily affected by outliers, its fitting degree was not ideal, and it was unable to get more accurate results of source analysis. The combination of multiple models can effectively improve accuracy of pollution source analysis of soil heavy metals. These results can provide a scientific basis for further remediation of heavy metal pollution in farmland soil.

Source apportionment of heavy metal pollution in farmland soils on a regional scale using geographically weighted PCA

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liu Shuyi ◽  
Gao Bingbo
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Source Apportionment ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Pollution Sources ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Soil Heavy Metals ◽  
Farmland Soils

<p>Source apportionment of soil heavy metals is an challenge and urgent work as the result of the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization. The common approach is multivariate statistical analysis, such as PCA and APCS/MLR, which infers only a single pattern of sources of heavy metals in entire study area. Due to complicated pathways and processes, patterns of pollution sources in a whole region may include two or more. Hence, we developed an analytical framework based on GWPCA to explore multiple patterns of sources of soil heavy metals on a regional scale. Xiangtan county, an important grain-producing area in China, was taken as a case study, which suffers the problem of heavy metal pollutions. Our results revealed the pollution situations of five soil heavy metals(Pb, Cd, As, Cr and Hg) in farmland soils and suggested that there exists various pollution patterns of these heavy metals in Xiangtan county. In each pattern, the structure of contamination sources is different. Our study also indicates that the analytical framework considering the spatial heterogeneity of pollution sources can help take more precise practices to solve this vital problem.</p> <p> </p>

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