scholarly journals Acupuncture Modulates Intracranial Self-Stimulation of the Medial Forebrain Bundle in Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (14) ◽  
pp. 7519
Author(s):  
Seong Shoon Yoon ◽  
Jaesuk Yun ◽  
Bong Hyo Lee ◽  
Hee Young Kim ◽  
Chae Ha Yang
Keyword(s):  
Dopamine Release ◽  
Medial Forebrain Bundle ◽  
Reward Function ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Drug Naïve ◽  
Brain Reward ◽  
Self Stimulation ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Acupoint Stimulation ◽  
Stimulation Of

Acupuncture affects the central nervous system via the regulation of neurotransmitter transmission. We previously showed that Shemen (HT7) acupoint stimulation decreased cocaine-induced dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens. Here, we used the intracranial self-stimulation (ICSS) paradigm to evaluate whether HT stimulation regulates the brain reward function of rats. We found that HT stimulation triggered a rightward shift of the frequency–rate curve and elevated the ICSS thresholds. However, HT7 stimulation did not affect the threshold-lowering effects produced by cocaine. These results indicate that HT7 points only effectively regulates the ICSS thresholds of the medial forebrain bundle in drug-naïve rats.

Monopolar and bipolar stimulation of the brain

1962 ◽  
Vol 203 (2) ◽  
pp. 371-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Stark ◽  
Giovanni Fazio ◽  
Eugene S. Boyd
Keyword(s):  
Current Density ◽  
Bipolar Electrode ◽  
Wire Electrode ◽  
Bipolar Stimulation ◽  
Monopolar Stimulation ◽  
Stimulation Experiments ◽  
Self Stimulation ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Rate Of Response ◽  
Stimulation Of

Intracranial self-stimulation experiments in the dog using a two-wire electrode, with each wire used as a monopolar electrode and the combination as a bipolar electrode, show that monopolar stimulation may produce either a higher or a lower rate of response than that produced by bipolar stimulation. A theoretical consideration of the changes in current density around the electrode when it is changed from a monopolar to a bipolar electrode shows that such differences are to be expected. The exact location of the structure being stimulated with reference to the two electrode tips will determine whether the structure is subjected to a higher current density on monopolar or on bipolar stimulation.

scholarly journals Intracranial Self-stimulation of the Paraventricular Nucleus of the Hypothalamus

2012 ◽  
Vol 116 (5) ◽  
pp. 1116-1123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric E. Ewan ◽  
Thomas J. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Neuropathic Pain ◽  
Paraventricular Nucleus ◽  
Medial Forebrain Bundle ◽  
Spinal Nerve ◽  
Maximal Effect ◽  
Direct Stimulation ◽  
And Control ◽  
Self Stimulation ◽  
Dopaminergic Pathways ◽  
Stimulation Of

Background Neuropathic pain attenuates opioid facilitation of rewarding electrical stimulation of limbic dopaminergic pathways originating from the ventral tegmental area. Whether neuropathic pain alters opioid effects of other brain-reward systems is unknown. Methods Control and spinal nerve-ligated (SNL) rats had electrodes implanted into the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus or medial forebrain bundle. Control and SNL rats were trained to lever-press for intracranial self-stimulation (ICSS), and modulation by morphine or cocaine was assessed. Results Control and SNL rats lever-pressed for stimulation of the PVN and medial forebrain bundle. Morphine produced greater reductions in the frequency at which rats emitted 50% of maximal responding for PVN ICSS (maximal effect 24.67 ± 4.60 [mean ± SEM] and 24.11 ± 5.96 in SNL [n = 6] and control [n = 8] rats, respectively, compared with medial forebrain bundle ICSS (12.38 ± 6.77 [n = 8] and 12.69 ± 1.55 [n = 7]). In contrast, cocaine was less efficacious in potentiating PVN ICSS (maximal effect 11.76 ± 2.86 and 12.38 ± 4.01 in SNL [n = 12] and control [n = 8] rats, respectively) compared with medial forebrain bundle ICSS (30.58 ± 3.40 [n = 9] and 27.55 ± 4.51 [n = 7]). Conclusions PVN ICSS is facilitated to a greater extent by morphine than cocaine, and the effects of each drug on this behavior are unaltered after spinal nerve ligation. These effects contrast those observed with direct stimulation of limbic dopamine pathways, suggesting that the PVN may have a greater role in the reinforcing effects of opioids than classic limbic regions, particularly in the presence of chronic pain.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document