scholarly journals Sambaquis from the Southern Brazilian Coast: Landscape Building and Enduring Heterarchical Societies throughout the Holocene

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 757
Author(s):  
Paulo DeBlasis ◽  
Madu Gaspar ◽  
Andreas Kneip
Keyword(s):  
Late Holocene ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Brazilian Coast ◽  
Cultural Tradition ◽  
Human Occupation ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approaches ◽  
Ideological Background ◽  
Geographical Scope ◽  
Economic Use ◽  
Middle And Late Holocene

This paper presents a heterarchical model for the regional occupation of the sambaqui (shellmound) societies settled in the southern coast of Santa Catarina, Brazil. Interdisciplinary approaches articulate the geographical scope and environmental dynamics of the Quaternary with human occupation patterns that took place therein between the middle and late Holocene (approximately 7.5 to 1.5 ky BP). The longue durée perspective on natural and social processes, as well as landscape construction, evince stable, integrated, and territorially organized communities around the lagoon setting. Funerary patterns, as well as mound distribution in the landscape, indicate a rather equalitarian society, sharing the economic use of coastal resources in cooperative ways. This interpretation is reinforced by a common ideological background involving the cult of the ancestors, which seems widespread all over the southern Brazilian shores along that period of time. Such a long-lived cultural tradition has endured until the arrival of fully agricultural Je and Tupi speaking societies in the southern shores.

Human occupation strategies and related environmental-climate during the middle and late Holocene in central Pampas of Argentina

The Holocene ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 244-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo G Messineo ◽  
Marcela S Tonello ◽  
Silvina Stutz ◽  
Alfonsina Tripaldi ◽  
Nahuel Scheifler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Holocene ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Hard Material ◽  
Human Occupation ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Lithic Assemblage ◽  
Depositional Rate ◽  
Archeological Site ◽  
Middle And Late Holocene

The main objective of this work is to generate and integrate interpretations of human occupation strategies and inferences of the environmental-climatic conditions in the central Pampas during the middle and late Holocene. We present a novel archeological–geological–paleoecological analysis in the area of the Cabeza de Buey lake, placed in an aeolian landscape. During the middle Holocene, two events of human occupations were recognized at Laguna Cabeza de Buey 2 archeological site. Both events present a small amount of lithic materials, a low diversity of tools and activities developed with them (principally hard material), and the hunting and primary processing of artiodactyls. These evidences suggest a locus of specific activity associated with an ephemeral human settlement under climate conditions drier than present and the presence of small, brackish, and shallow water bodies. For the late late Holocene, the hunter-gatherer occupation has a higher depositional rate of lithic assemblage, stones with diverse origins, presence of pottery fragments, a great lithic tool diversity, knapping techniques, and activities developed with these tools (processing wood, bone, hide, non-woody plant, and soft material). These evidences reveal an occupation with a higher degree of recurrence represented by a locus of multiple activities associated with a more stable landscape, such as an environment of dunes fixed by grass vegetation, and the establishment of a permanent water body. The different environmental characteristics for the middle and late Holocene in this area promoted that human groups develop two different patterns of mobility, settlement and use of space.

NEW RADIOCARBON EVIDENCE FOR HUMAN OCCUPATION IN CENTRAL ARGENTINA DURING THE MIDDLE AND LATE HOLOCENE: THE ONGAMIRA VALLEY CASE

Radiocarbon ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Andrés D Izeta ◽  
Roxana Cattáneo ◽  
Andrés I Robledo ◽  
Mai Takigami ◽  
Minoru Yoneda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Late Holocene ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Human Occupation ◽  
Occupational History ◽  
Use Of Space ◽  
Middle Holocene ◽  
History Of ◽  
Palaeoenvironmental Changes ◽  
Middle And Late Holocene

ABSTRACT The Ongamira Valley (Córdoba, Argentina) shows a persistent occupational history of its territory. Even one of the first Argentinian radiocarbon (14C) dates was calculated in this valley; for 70 years, the chronology was based on relative dates (stratigraphy and its cultural content). For this reason, since 2010 a 14C dating program has been developed focusing on the chronology of eight of the 60 sites identified so far for the valley. This work reports the outcomes of this program with 27 new dates. These data have been related to characteristics of the material culture, use of space and mobility of hunter-gatherer societies. The results have allowed us to bring new insights into a continuous occupation of the valley since the Middle Holocene according to the human peopling models proposed. It has also been possible to provide greater chronological precision to various activities related to feeding practices, use of space associated with rock-shelters, palaeoenvironmental changes and incorporation of new technologies into daily practices.

Reconstructing Middle and Late Holocene Paleoclimates of the Eastern Arctic and Greenland

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Finkelstein
Keyword(s):  
Late Holocene ◽  
Ice Cores ◽  
Spatiotemporal Variability ◽  
Human Occupation ◽  
Proxy Records ◽  
Ice Conditions ◽  
Paleoclimate Reconstructions ◽  
Holocene Climates ◽  
Local Variability ◽  
Middle And Late Holocene

The eastern Arctic and Greenland are characterized by diverse paleoclimatic histories. A range of biological, geochemical, and geophysical indicators preserved in ice cores, lake, and ocean sediments, landscape features, or boreholes can be applied to reconstructing Holocene climates over the period of human occupation. Soon after humans arrived in the eastern Arctic around 4800 cal B.P., regional temperatures began to decline. While the proxy records show a strong regional signal, this period of Neoglacial cooling has considerable local variability related to degree of continentality, sea ice conditions and elevation. Much later, the effect of the Medieval Warm Period (AD 850-1360) on the Thule migration appears to have been overstated. Because of the considerable spatiotemporal variability in available paleoclimate reconstructions from the eastern Arctic, data from multiple sites must be integrated, and for archaeological applications, regional syntheses need to be considered alongside highly local reconstructions.

Palynological evidence for late-Holocene human occupation recorded in two wetlands in SW Turkey

The Holocene ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 569-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Vermoere ◽  
S. Bottema ◽  
L. Vanhecke ◽  
M. Waelkens ◽  
E. Paulissen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Holocene ◽  
Human Occupation ◽  
Sw Turkey

Morphological variation among late holocene Mexicans: Implications for discussions about the human occupation of the Americas

2017 ◽  
Vol 163 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brianne Herrera ◽  
Daniel Peart ◽  
Nicole Hernandez ◽  
Kate Spradley ◽  
Mark Hubbe
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Variation ◽  
Late Holocene ◽  
Human Occupation

Holocene Environments in Northeast Africa

2021 ◽  
pp. 62-78
Author(s):  
Martin Williams
Keyword(s):  
Late Holocene ◽  
Flood Plain ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Archaeological Record ◽  
Human Occupation ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
Maar Lake ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
White Nile ◽  
Ne Africa

This chapter provides an overview of the geography, hydrology, and climate of NE Africa, with particular reference to the complex interactions between river regime, climate, the biota, and human settlement. During the Early (11.7–8.2 ka) and Middle Holocene (8.2–4.2 ka) the climate was far less arid than today across the Nile basin, including Nubia, albeit with sporadic dry phases. Climatic desiccation set in during the Late Holocene (4.2 ka to present), with minor wet phases. Intervals when the Nile flow regime was apparently shifting from high to low flow and flood plain incision have provisional ages of ca. 8.15–7.75 ka, 6.4–6.15 ka, 5.7–5.45 ka, 4.7–4.25 ka, 3.35–2.9 ka, 2.8–2.55 ka, and 1600 ce. In the Kerma area of Nubia there were two periods of relatively dense human occupation in the earlier part of the Holocene from 10 ka to 8 ka and from 7 ka to 6 ka, with two significant gaps in the archaeological record at 7.5–7.1 ka and 6.0–5.4 ka, that coincided with very low levels in Lake Challa, a maar lake on the eastern flank of Mt Kilimanjaro, near the Ugandan headwaters of the White Nile.

Changes in patterns of biodiversity of marine mollusks along the Brazilian coast during the late Holocene inferred from shell-mound (sambaquis) data

The Holocene ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 1802-1809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa CCL Souza ◽  
Tania A Lima ◽  
Michelle Rezende Duarte ◽  
Edson P Silva
Keyword(s):  
Late Holocene ◽  
Brazilian Coast ◽  
Marine Mollusks
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