Recent Advances in Our Understanding of the Infectious Entry Pathway of Human Papillomavirus Type 16

Papillomaviruses are a diverse viral species, but several types such as HPV16 are given special attention due to their contribution towards the pathogenesis of several major cancers. In this review, we will summarize how the knowledge of HPV16 entry has expanded since the last comprehensive HPV16 entry review our lab published in 2017.

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Analysis of the Infectious Entry Pathway of Human Papillomavirus Type 33 Pseudovirions

Virology ◽

10.1006/viro.2001.1493 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 299 (2) ◽

pp. 279-287 ◽

Cited By ~ 95

Author(s):

Hans-Christoph Selinka ◽

Tzenan Giroglou ◽

Martin Sapp

Keyword(s):

Human Papillomavirus ◽

Entry Pathway ◽

Infectious Entry

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Multiple Heparan Sulfate Binding Site Engagements Are Required for the Infectious Entry of Human Papillomavirus Type 16

Journal of Virology ◽

10.1128/jvi.01721-13 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 87 (21) ◽

pp. 11426-11437 ◽

Cited By ~ 65

Author(s):

K. F. Richards ◽

M. Bienkowska-Haba ◽

J. Dasgupta ◽

X. S. Chen ◽

M. Sapp

Keyword(s):

Human Papillomavirus ◽

Heparan Sulfate ◽

Binding Site ◽

Human Papillomavirus Type 16 ◽

Infectious Entry

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Human Papillomavirus Type 31 Uses a Caveolin 1- and Dynamin 2-Mediated Entry Pathway for Infection of Human Keratinocytes

Journal of Virology ◽

10.1128/jvi.00988-07 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 81 (18) ◽

pp. 9922-9931 ◽

Cited By ~ 89

Author(s):

Jessica L. Smith ◽

Samuel K. Campos ◽

Michelle A. Ozbun

Keyword(s):

Human Papillomavirus ◽

Human Keratinocytes ◽

Dominant Negative ◽

Half Time ◽

Caveolin 1 ◽

Entry Pathway ◽

Natural Hosts ◽

Species Specific ◽

Infectious Entry ◽

Dynamin 2

ABSTRACT Papillomaviruses are species-specific and epitheliotropic DNA viruses that cause tumors in their natural hosts. Certain infections with genital human papillomavirus (HPV) types are causally related to cervical cancer development. Most papillomaviruses are thought to infect cells via a clathrin-dependent pathway, yet no studies have determined the entry route in permissive host epithelial cells. Employing fluorescently labeled and native virions, we tested the effects of dominant-negative and biochemical inhibitors of cellular endocytosis pathways. Infections of human keratinocytes, a natural host cell type for HPVs, were assessed visually and by infectious entry assays. We found that HPV type 31 (HPV31) entry and initiation of early infection events require both caveolin 1 and dynamin 2 and occur independently of clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Treatment with chlorpromazine and filipin had opposing effects on HPV31 and HPV16 infection. HPV31 entry was remarkably slow, with a half-time of ≈14 h, whereas the entry half-time of HPV16 was 4 h. Consistent with a caveola-mediated entry pathway for HPV31, the virions associated with detergent-resistant lipid rafts. During a 16-h microscopic tracking of HPV31 and HPV16 virions, no colocalization of the two viral types was observed. These data suggest that HPV31 and HPV16 virions use distinct routes for host epithelial cell entry.

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