scholarly journals Stakeholder Roles and Perspectives on Sedimentation Management in Small-Scale Irrigation Schemes in Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (21) ◽  
pp. 6121
Author(s):  
Zerihun Anbesa Gurmu ◽  
Henk Ritzema ◽  
Charlotte de Fraiture ◽  
Mekonen Ayana
Keyword(s):  
Action Planning ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Irrigation Season ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Design Problems ◽  
Irrigation Technologies ◽  
Small Scale Irrigation ◽  
Blue Print ◽  
Rural Appraisal

Irrigated agriculture, particularly small-scale irrigation (SSI), is a mainstay for sustainable livelihoods in the developing world. In Ethiopia, SSI sustainability is threatened mainly due to excessive sedimentation. Stakeholders’ perceptions of the causes of sedimentation and how they sustain SSI under excessive sedimentation conditions were investigated in two SSI schemes in Ethiopia. A participatory rapid diagnosis and action planning was implemented, consisting of a literature review, participatory rural appraisal, and semi-structured interviews. Results show that farmers slightly differed in perception of excessive sedimentation drivers. Farmers reported design problems as the main cause of excessive sedimentation (64%), followed by poor operation and maintenance (O and M) practices (21%) and external factors (15%). In contrast, 62% of the interviewed engineers indicated erosion and irrigation technologies as the main causes of excessive sedimentation, while few reported poor design (13%). In addition to an intensive desilting campaign, farmers delayed the start of the irrigation season to avoid the intake of highly sedimented water. Local social capital and knowledge appeared to be more important than formal knowledge and blue-print institutions for dealing with sedimentation problems. Well-organized structure and extra time devoted by famers were vital for SSI sustainability. Integration of the farmers’ knowledge with that of the engineers could yield more effective ways to deal with sedimentation problems.

scholarly journals The Diffusion of Small-Scale Irrigation Technologies in Ethiopia: Stakeholder Analysis Using Net-Map

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Bryan ◽  
Fitsum Hagos ◽  
Dawit Mekonnen ◽  
Demie Abera Gemeda ◽  
Seid Yimam
Keyword(s):  
Stakeholder Analysis ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Irrigation Technologies ◽  
Small Scale Irrigation

scholarly journals Sources of Inefficiency in Small-Scale Irrigation in Ethiopia: A Stochastic Frontier Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teshager Sisha ◽  
Surafel Dillie
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Stochastic Frontier Analysis ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Frontier Analysis ◽  
Irrigation Technologies ◽  
Small Scale Irrigation

Abstract Increased production, food security, poverty reduction, and rural economic development can be supported by increasing efficiency in the use of scarce resources and technologies. Promoting small-scale irrigation practices may provide opportunities to improve the efficient utilization of land and labor. This paper assesses the extent of technical efficiencies of two household irrigation technologies: rope & washer and pulley practiced by farmers in two pilot areas of rural communities in Ethiopia. Stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) was used to estimate efficiency levels and identify the factors affecting inefficiencies. Labor and land are found to have contributed a greater share in the quantity of production of the crops under study. Plough repetition and experience in irrigation also contributed significantly to increased output. The results obtained from the stochastic frontier analysis indicate that farmers are operating at a significantly lower mean efficiency level of 70%, indicating the existence of room for increased production without additional investment. Distance to the nearest market, female household head, higher dependency ratio and using rope & washer (compared to pulley) increases the likelihood of being inefficient, whereas higher educational attainment of the head of the household and irrigation experience reduces the probability of inefficiency.

scholarly journals A Decision Support System for Water Resources Management: The Case Study of Mubuku Irrigation Scheme, Uganda

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (22) ◽  
pp. 6260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luisa Bettili ◽  
Eva Pek ◽  
Maher Salman
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Decision Support System ◽  
Support System ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Irrigation Scheme ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Small Scale Irrigation

The greater competing demand for water requires an efficient use of water resources. Therefore, an optimum management is necessary in order to deal with the constraining factors. In African countries, irrigated agriculture is the largest user of surface water resources. Nevertheless, recent assessments in small-scale surface irrigation schemes resulted in poor performance indicators: Water use efficiency indicators of existing schemes are below 50 percent, owing to inadequate management modes. The paper sheds the light on the potential development of a decision-support system based knowledge with the Mapping System and Services for Canal Operation Techniques approach, merged with the MIKEHydro Basin model as a versatile and flexible framework conceived for a large variety of applications in small-scale irrigation. The model aims to improve water service, increase irrigation efficiency, comply with socio-economic objectives at country level. In order to address the prevailing heterogeneity of small-scale irrigation scheme, numerous variables are adjusted in the model, in terms of cropping patterns, climate data, and irrigation time. The evaluation of established water balance under different scenarios showed that tackling supply-driven scheduling and distributive issues significantly increases efficiency. Nevertheless, water allocation according to socio-economic objectives of food security and market security implies trading off the efficiency objectives.

scholarly journals The diffusion of small-scale irrigation technologies in Ethiopia: Stakeholder analysis using Net-Map

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Bryan ◽  
Fitsum Hagos ◽  
Dawit Kelemework Mekonnen ◽  
Demie Abera Gemeda ◽  
Sein Yimam
Keyword(s):  
Stakeholder Analysis ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Irrigation Technologies ◽  
Small Scale Irrigation

scholarly journals Livestock and Small-Scale Irrigation Scheme Interactions as a Key Source for Sedimentation during the Irrigation Season: Four Case Studies from South-West Shoa, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 5745
Author(s):  
Hanan Tadele Dessalegn ◽  
Alex Bolding ◽  
Charlotte de Fraiture ◽  
Mekonen Ayana
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Sediment ◽  
Overland Flow ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Irrigation Season ◽  
Irrigation Scheme ◽  
Sediment Samples ◽  
South West ◽  
Canal Network ◽  
Small Scale Irrigation ◽  
Upstream Catchment

Small-scale irrigation (SSI) development can play a major role in Ethiopia’s economic development, but sedimentation is a major threat to its sustainability. The focus of the dominant discourse around the sedimentation of SSI schemes lies in upstream catchment protection during the rainy season, neglecting both protection against erosion through overland flow along the margins of the canal network and sedimentation caused by livestock disturbances. Remedies against the latter causes of sedimentation during the irrigation season have been ineffective due to erroneous assumptions regarding its cause. This study aimed to identify the sources and extent of sedimentation in SSI schemes. The accumulated sediment in the canal pre-irrigation season was measured from four SSI schemes and suspended sediment samples during irrigation season were collected from one SSI scheme. The accumulated sediment in the canal pre-irrigation season was measured from four SSI and suspended sediment samples during irrigation season were collected from one SSI scheme. The extent of sedimentation in the canals during the pre-irrigation season in relation to canal capacity was 100% of lined and unlined canals in abandoned, 68% in a lined, and 84% unlined canals in heavily sedimented and 38% in a lined and 46% of unlined canals lightly sedimented schemes. Livestock interactions with the SSI schemes were found to be the major sediment source before and during the irrigation, hence, attention should be given to integrating livestock as a part of the system.

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