scholarly journals A Framework for the Heterogeneity and Ecosystem Services of Farmland Landscapes: An Integrative Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 12463
Author(s):  
Xiaohui Wang ◽  
Yao Wu ◽  
Kiril Manevski ◽  
Manqi Fu ◽  
Xiaogang Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Service ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Ecological Impact ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Service Trade ◽  
Main Crop ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Regulation Services ◽  
Provisioning Services

It is essential for the sustainable development of farmland landscapes to balance ecosystem service trade-offs and improve resource use efficiency during crop production. Thus, an integrative and concept-centric qualitative approach was applied by combining the patch–corridor–matrix model of landscape ecology and the crop layout theory of farming systems into a theoretical framework. The thesis concludes that a farmland landscape comprises three compositions: the crop (the main crop and the service crop), the non-crop, and the non-vegetation, leading to heterogeneous composition and configuration. The main crop, typically displayed as large patches with a high distribution ratio, provides most of the provisioning services, while the service crop performs many regulation services. The non-crop and non-vegetation compositions often appear as strips that can connect different patches as corridors and support the provisioning services of crops. Non-crop compositions mainly focus on support and regulation services, while non-vegetation compositions support farming operations. Further research is needed in several respects, including the ecological impact and ecosystem service trade-offs of the composition and configuration heterogeneity, and strategies for the adoption of cropping systems and agronomic measures at the landscape scale, which are essential to the evaluation, improvement, and redesign of farmland landscapes.

scholarly journals Environmental justice research shows the importance of social feedbacks in ecosystem service trade-offs

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil M. Dawson ◽  
Kenneth Grogan ◽  
Adrian Martin ◽  
Ole Mertz ◽  
Maya Pasgaard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Justice ◽  
Ecosystem Service ◽  
Service Trade ◽  
Justice Research ◽  
Trade Offs

scholarly journals Nitrogen fertility in semiarid dryland wheat production is challenging for beginning organic farmers

2012 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Drew J. Lyon ◽  
Gary W. Hergert
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Cattle Manure ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
N Fertility ◽  
Summer Fallow

AbstractOrganic farming systems use green and animal manures to supply nitrogen (N) to their fields for crop production. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of green manure and composted cattle manure on the subsequent winter wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) crop in a semiarid environment. Dry pea (Pisum sativumL.) was seeded in early April and terminated at first flower in late June. Composted cattle manure was applied at 0, 11.2 or 22.5 Mg ha−1just prior to pea termination. Winter wheat was planted in mid September following the green manure or tilled summer fallow. No positive wheat response to green manure or composted cattle manure was observed in any of the 3 years of the study. In 2 of the 3 years, wheat yields and grain test weight were reduced following green manure. Green manure reduced grain yields compared with summer fallow by 220 and 1190 kg ha−1in 2009 and 2010, respectively. This may partially be explained by 40 and 47 mm less soil water at wheat planting following peas compared with tilled summer fallow in 2008 and 2009, respectively. Also, in 2008 and 2009, soil nitrate level averaged 45 kg ha−1higher for black fallow compared with green manure fallow when no compost was added. Organic growers in the semiarid Central Great Plains will be challenged to supply N fertility to their winter wheat crop in a rapid and consistent manner as a result of the inherently variable precipitation. Growers may need to allow several years to pass before seeing the benefits of fertility practices in their winter wheat cropping systems.

scholarly journals Assessing ecosystem service trade-offs and synergies: The need for a more mechanistic approach

AMBIO ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (10) ◽  
pp. 1116-1128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie C. Dade ◽  
Matthew G.E. Mitchell ◽  
Clive A. McAlpine ◽  
Jonathan R. Rhodes
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Service ◽  
Service Trade ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Mechanistic Approach

scholarly journals Evaluating ecosystem service trade-offs and synergies from slash-and-mulch agroforestry systems in El Salvador

2019 ◽  
Vol 105 ◽  
pp. 264-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.P. Kearney ◽  
S.J. Fonte ◽  
E. García ◽  
P. Siles ◽  
K.M.A. Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
El Salvador ◽  
Ecosystem Service ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
Service Trade ◽  
Trade Offs

scholarly journals Can landscape-scale approaches to conservation management resolve biodiversity-ecosystem service trade-offs?

2015 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justine E. Cordingley ◽  
Adrian C. Newton ◽  
Robert J. Rose ◽  
Ralph T. Clarke ◽  
James M. Bullock
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Service ◽  
Conservation Management ◽  
Landscape Scale ◽  
Service Trade ◽  
Trade Offs

scholarly journals Barriers to Agro-Ecological Intensification of Smallholder Upland Farming Systems in Lao PDR

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Von Yi Yap ◽  
Phaeng Xaphokhame ◽  
Andreas de Neergaard ◽  
Thilde Bech Bruun
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Lao Pdr ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Crop Damage ◽  
Extension Agents ◽  
Selling Price ◽  
Ecological Intensification ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Grazing Livestock

Intercropping of legumes can be a strategy to improve soil fertility and enhance overall productivity while reducing dependency on external inputs in intensified cropping systems. Integration of legumes in maize-based cropping systems is promoted as an agro-ecological intensification option for input-constrained smallholders in uplands of Southeast Asia, but adoption rates in the region remain low. The overall aim of this study was to assess the suitability and trade-offs of integrating ricebean in maize-based smallholder cropping systems in upland areas of Northern Laos. We conducted a researcher-managed field trial to investigate the agronomic performance of ricebean/maize intercropping, and farmer-managed trials combined with surveys (N = 97), and focus group discussions in 10 villages to understand factors influencing farmers’ decision making concerning ricebean adoption. Drought, rat infestation and crop damage by grazing livestock were identified as important constraints to the production of ricebeans. Factors facilitating adoption included improvement of soil fertility, the potentially high selling price of ricebeans and the presence of extension agents, while barriers included labour shortage, concerns about competition with maize and lack of a market outlet for the ricebean produce. We conclude that the investigated maize/ricebean intercropping system is poorly suited to the current conditions in the study area, and call for farm-based studies focusing on developing locally adapted legume intercropping systems able to perform under variable rainfall conditions. Initiatives addressing challenges related to free grazing livestock and efforts to link legume producers in remote areas to emerging markets are also needed.

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