Introduction:
We investigated long-term outcomes of carotid endarterectomy (CEA) and carotid artery stenting (CAS) in our hospital to assess the outcomes of real-world practice in single institute of Japan.
Methods:
Between August 2006 and July 2014, 236 consecutive carotid revascularizations with either CEA or CAS were performed in our institute. The initial treatment was regarded as the starting point in the cases of the patients who received treatment by bilateral carotid artery stenosis or retreatment. We assessed the long-term outcomes with survival analyses.
Results:
A total of 210 patients (CEA 128, CAS 82), including 94 symptomatic patients, were enrolled in the current study with mean follow-up period of 45.8 months. The periprocedural stroke/death/myocardial infarction (MI) rate was 3.1% for CEA and 4.9% for CAS groups (p=0.71). Estimates of the 4-year event-free rate from the primary end point (the composite of any stroke, death, or MI within 30 days and any ipsilateral stroke thereafter) using competing risk analysis were 3.1% for CEA and 8.6% for CAS (P=0.041). Kaplan-Meier estimates of the 4-year event-free rate from the secondary end point (the composite of any stroke, death, or MI within 30 days and any stroke or death thereafter) were 12.8% for CEA and 20.1% for CAS (P=0.051). Age (Hazard ratio [HR], 1.14/year [95%CI, 1.03-1.26]; p = 0.012) and CAS (HR, 3.5 [95%CI, 1.05-11.5]; p = 0.04 ) were significant predictors for the primary end point in multivariate analysis. For the secondary end point, age (HR, 2.1/10year [95%CI, 1.27-3.47]; p = 0.004) and CAS (HR, 2.0 [95%CI, 1.04-3.83], p = 0.037) were significant predictors. The inclusion of higher risk patients in the CAS group may have been the reason for CAS being a risk factor.
Conclusion:
The current study on real-world practices demonstrated perioperative and long-term outcomes that were comparable to previous major studies of large numbers of patients.
Predictors of Perioperative Stroke/Death after Carotid Artery Stenting: A Review Article