Faculty Opinions recommendation of Cytoplasmic dynein as a facilitator of nuclear envelope breakdown.

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viki Allan
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Envelope ◽  
Cytoplasmic Dynein ◽  
Nuclear Envelope Breakdown

scholarly journals Lis1 and Ndel1 influence the timing of nuclear envelope breakdown in neural stem cells

2008 ◽  
Vol 182 (6) ◽  
pp. 1063-1071 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sachin Hebbar ◽  
Mariano T. Mesngon ◽  
Aimee M. Guillotte ◽  
Bhavim Desai ◽  
Ramses Ayala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Envelope ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Ventricular Zone ◽  
Mitotic Cell ◽  
Cytoplasmic Dynein ◽  
Developmental Defects ◽  
Animal Development ◽  
Cell Fate Decisions ◽  
Nuclear Envelope Breakdown ◽  
Neural Cell Fate

Lis1 and Ndel1 are essential for animal development. They interact directly with one another and with cytoplasmic dynein. The developing brain is especially sensitive to reduced Lis1 or Ndel1 levels, as both proteins influence spindle orientation, neural cell fate decisions, and neuronal migration. We report here that Lis1 and Ndel1 reduction in a mitotic cell line impairs prophase nuclear envelope (NE) invagination (PNEI). This dynein-dependent process facilitates NE breakdown (NEBD) and occurs before the establishment of the bipolar spindle. Ndel1 phosphorylation is important for this function, regulating binding to both Lis1 and dynein. Prophase cells in the ventricular zone (VZ) of embryonic day 13.5 Lis1+/− mouse brains show reduced PNEI, and the ratio of prophase to prometaphase cells is increased, suggesting an NEBD delay. Moreover, prophase cells in the VZ contain elevated levels of Ndel1 phosphorylated at a key cdk5 site. Our data suggest that a delay in NEBD in the VZ could contribute to developmental defects associated with Lis1–Ndel1 disruption.

scholarly journals Functional Coordination of Three Mitotic Motors inDrosophila Embryos

2000 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 241-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Sharp ◽  
Heather M. Brown ◽  
Mijung Kwon ◽  
Gregory C. Rogers ◽  
Gina Holland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Envelope ◽  
Cytoplasmic Dynein ◽  
Spindle Pole ◽  
Nuclear Envelope Breakdown ◽  
Mitotic Motors ◽  
Balance Of Forces ◽  
Spindle Elongation ◽  
And Function ◽  
Anaphase B ◽  
Drosophila Embryos

It is well established that multiple microtubule-based motors contribute to the formation and function of the mitotic spindle, but how the activities of these motors interrelate remains unclear. Here we visualize spindle formation in living Drosophila embryos to show that spindle pole movements are directed by a temporally coordinated balance of forces generated by three mitotic motors, cytoplasmic dynein, KLP61F, and Ncd. Specifically, our findings suggest that dynein acts to move the poles apart throughout mitosis and that this activity is augmented by KLP61F after the fenestration of the nuclear envelope, a process analogous to nuclear envelope breakdown, which occurs at the onset of prometaphase. Conversely, we find that Ncd generates forces that pull the poles together between interphase and metaphase, antagonizing the activity of both dynein and KLP61F and serving as a brake for spindle assembly. During anaphase, however, Ncd appears to have no effect on spindle pole movements, suggesting that its activity is down-regulated at this time, allowing dynein and KLP61F to drive spindle elongation during anaphase B.

scholarly journals Cytoplasmic Dynein as a Facilitator of Nuclear Envelope Breakdown

Cell ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davide Salina ◽  
Khaldon Bodoor ◽  
D.Mark Eckley ◽  
Trina A. Schroer ◽  
J.B. Rattner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Envelope ◽  
Cytoplasmic Dynein ◽  
Nuclear Envelope Breakdown

scholarly journals Reorganization of the microtubule array in prophase/prometaphase requires cytoplasmic dynein-dependent microtubule transport

2002 ◽  
Vol 158 (6) ◽  
pp. 997-1003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasser M. Rusan ◽  
U. Serdar Tulu ◽  
Carey Fagerstrom ◽  
Patricia Wadsworth
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Envelope ◽  
Mitotic Spindle ◽  
Myosin Ii ◽  
Somatic Cells ◽  
Cytoplasmic Dynein ◽  
Nuclear Envelope Breakdown ◽  
Microtubule Transport ◽  
Spindle Microtubules ◽  
Peripheral Cytoplasm ◽  
Stimulation Of

When mammalian somatic cells enter mitosis, a fundamental reorganization of the Mt cytoskeleton occurs that is characterized by the loss of the extensive interphase Mt array and the formation of a bipolar mitotic spindle. Microtubules in cells stably expressing GFP–α-tubulin were directly observed from prophase to just after nuclear envelope breakdown (NEBD) in early prometaphase. Our results demonstrate a transient stimulation of individual Mt dynamic turnover and the formation and inward motion of microtubule bundles in these cells. Motion of microtubule bundles was inhibited after antibody-mediated inhibition of cytoplasmic dynein/dynactin, but was not inhibited after inhibition of the kinesin-related motor Eg5 or myosin II. In metaphase cells, assembly of small foci of Mts was detected at sites distant from the spindle; these Mts were also moved inward. We propose that cytoplasmic dynein-dependent inward motion of Mts functions to remove Mts from the cytoplasm at prophase and from the peripheral cytoplasm through metaphase. The data demonstrate that dynamic astral Mts search the cytoplasm for other Mts, as well as chromosomes, in mitotic cells.

scholarly journals Nuclear Envelope Breakdown Proceeds by Microtubule-Induced Tearing of the Lamina

Cell ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joël Beaudouin ◽  
Daniel Gerlich ◽  
Nathalie Daigle ◽  
Roland Eils ◽  
Jan Ellenberg
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Envelope ◽  
Nuclear Envelope Breakdown
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