Faculty Opinions recommendation of The interaction between perinatal factors and childhood abuse in the risk of developing anorexia nervosa.

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marija Anderluh
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Childhood Abuse ◽  
Perinatal Factors

The interaction between perinatal factors and childhood abuse in the risk of developing anorexia nervosa

2009 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 657-665 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Favaro ◽  
E. Tenconi ◽  
P. Santonastaso
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Childhood Abuse ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Stressful Events ◽  
Stressful Event ◽  
Perinatal Complications ◽  
Perinatal Factors ◽  
Additive Interaction ◽  
Response Systems

BackgroundPerinatal factors seem to be implicated in the pathogenesis of anorexia nervosa (AN) and may be involved in the programming of stress response systems in humans. Our aim was to explore one of the possible pathways to explain the association between perinatal complications and a psychiatric disorder. In particular, we tested the hypothesis that neonatal immaturity may confer an enhanced vulnerability to AN after exposure to a severe stressful event, such as childhood abuse.MethodThe sample was composed of subjects who took part in a prevalence study carried out on a representative sample of the general population and cases of AN referred to an out-patient specialist unit. All subjects (n=663) were born in the two obstetric wards of Padua Hospital between 1971 and 1979. We analysed data using both a case-control and a cohort design.ResultsWe found that functional signs of neonatal dysmaturity, but not a low birthweight or prematurity, had a significant additive interaction with childhood abuse in determining the risk for this illness. In normal subjects, but not in subjects with AN, neonatal dysmaturity was associated with being small, short or thin for gestational age at birth.ConclusionsThe synergistic effect of neonatal dysmaturity and childhood abuse in increasing the risk for AN provides evidence for the hypothesis that a prenatal programming of stress response systems can result in an impairment of the individual's resilience to severe stressful events.

Perinatal Factors and the Risk of Developing Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa

2006 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Favaro ◽  
Elena Tenconi ◽  
Paolo Santonastaso
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Bulimia Nervosa ◽  
Perinatal Factors

Eine internationale neuropsychologische Testbatterie für Kinder, Jugendliche und Erwachsene mit Anorexia nervosa – die deutsche Adaptation des Ravello Profils

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 371-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Betteke Maria van Noort ◽  
Ernst Pfeiffer ◽  
Ulrike Lehmkuhl ◽  
Viola Kappel
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa

Fragestellung: Erwachsene mit Anorexia nervosa (AN) zeigen vor und nach Gewichtsrehabilitation Beeinträchtigungen kognitiver Funktionen. Im Bereich der kindlichen und früh-adoleszenten AN besteht ein großer Bedarf an strukturierten Untersuchungen der kognitiven Funktionen. Bisherige Studien weisen methodische Inkonsistenzen bezüglich der Testauswahl und der Operationalisierung kognitiver Funktionen auf, die die Interpretierbarkeit und Vergleichbarkeit der Befunde deutlich einschränken. Um diese Inkonsistenzen zu verringern, wurde eine neuropsychologische Testbatterie, das sogenannte „Ravello Profil“ entwickelt, das bisher jedoch nicht für den deutschen Sprachraum zur Verfügung steht. Die vorliegende Arbeit stellt daher eine für den deutschen Sprachraum adaptierte Version des Ravello Profils vor und überprüft dessen Anwendbarkeit im Kindes- und Jugendalter. Methodik: Das Ravello Profil wurde für den deutschen Sprachraum adaptiert. Anhand von drei Fallbeispielen wurde die Durchführbarkeit des Ravello Profils bei Kindern und Jugendlichen mit AN überprüft. Ergebnisse und Schlussfolgerungen: Die Fallbeispiele verdeutlichen die Anwendbarkeit des adaptierten Ravello Profils bei Kindern und Jugendlichen mit AN. Das Ravello Profil ermöglicht somit auch im deutschen Sprachraum methodisch konsistente Untersuchungen kognitiver Funktionen bei Kindern, Jugendlichen und Erwachsenen mit AN. Mithilfe des Ravello Profils kann die Rolle kognitiver Funktionen bei der Entstehung einer AN über eine umfassende Altersspanne systematisch untersucht werden.

Perception of Autonomy and Connectedness Prior to the Onset of Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Huemer ◽  
Maria Haidvogl ◽  
Fritz Mattejat ◽  
Gudrun Wagner ◽  
Gerald Nobis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Bulimia Nervosa ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Individual Autonomy ◽  
Mothers And Fathers ◽  
Image Test ◽  
Restrictive Type

Objective: This study examines retrospective correlates of nonshared family environment prior to onset of disease, by means of multiple familial informants, among anorexia and bulimia nervosa patients. Methods: A total of 332 participants was included (anorexia nervosa, restrictive type (AN-R): n = 41 plus families); bulimic patients (anorexia nervosa, binge-purging type; bulimia nervosa: n = 59 plus families). The EATAET Lifetime Diagnostic Interview was used to establish the diagnosis; the Subjective Family Image Test was used to derive emotional connectedness (EC) and individual autonomy (IA). Results: Bulimic and AN-R patients perceived significantly lower EC prior to onset of disease compared to their healthy sisters. Bulimic patients perceived significantly lower EC prior to onset of disease compared to AN-R patients and compared to their mothers and fathers. A low family sum – sister pairs sum comparison – of EC had a significant influence on the risk of developing bulimia nervosa. Contrary to expectations, AN-R patients did not perceive significantly lower levels of IA compared to their sisters, prior to onset of disease. Findings of low IA in currently ill AN-R patients may represent a disease consequence, not a risk factor. Conclusions: Developmental child psychiatrists should direct their attention to disturbances of EC, which may be present prior to the onset of the disease.

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