scholarly journals Biological Control of Damping off and Foot Rot of Chilli Using an Indigenous Trichoderma harzianum

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 101-105
Author(s):  
 Md. Mukul Islam ◽  
Md. Abu Zafor ◽  
Md. Emran Khan Chowdhury ◽  
A.T.M. Shafiqul Islam ◽  
Md. Mohidul Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Foot Rot ◽  
Damping Off

scholarly journals Application of plant extracts and Trichoderma harzianum for the management of tomato seedling damping-off caused by Rhizoctonia solani

2020 ◽  
Vol 116 (11/12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mapula T.P. Hlokwe ◽  
Mapotso Kena ◽  
David N. Mamphiswana
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Biotic Factors ◽  
Damping Off ◽  
Tomato Seedling

Seedling production under smallholder farming systems can be negatively affected by both abiotic and biotic factors. Seedling damping-off caused by Rhizoctonia solani is one of the major biotic factors which causes significant yield reduction. Management is mainly based on the application of synthetic fungicides and cultural practices. However, both methods have limitations which result in their inefficiency. Several studies have reported on the use of plant extracts and biological control to manage plant diseases. The aim of this study was to formulate an effective and practical approach to manage tomato seedling dampingoff using extracts of Monsonia burkeana and Moringa oleifera and a biological control agent Trichoderma harzianum. The efficacy of both extracts was investigated under laboratory conditions to determine the most suppressive concentration to R. solani growth. Methanolic extracts from both plants significantly suppressed pathogen growth at different concentrations. M. burkeana significantly reduced R. solani growth at 8 g/mL (71%) relative to control whilst Moringa oleifera extract reduced pathogen growth by 60% at a concentration of 6 g/mL. The highest suppressive concentrations were further evaluated under greenhouse conditions to test their efficacy on seedling damping-off. In damping-off treatments, both plant extracts and T. harzianum also significantly reduced (p=0.5) pre- and post-emergence dampingoff incidence. M. burkeana recorded the highest suppression at 78%, followed by M. oleifera at 64%. Trichoderma harzianum reduced incidence of damping-off by 60% and this was higher than both plant extract treatments.

Phaeotheca dimorphospora increases Trichoderma harzianum density in soil and suppresses red pine damping-off caused by Cylindrocladium scoparium

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 693-700 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Yang ◽  
L. Bernier ◽  
M. Dessureault
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Pinus Resinosa ◽  
Red Pine ◽  
Damping Off ◽  
Fungal Antagonist ◽  
Petri Dishes

A fungal antagonist, Phaeotheca dimorphospora, was tested for its ability to control damping-off of red pine (Pinus resinosa) caused by Cylindrocladium scoparium. In vitro, the germination of seeds coated with P. dimorphospora microconidia was significantly increased by 10% compared with uncoated seeds. In experiments carried out in Petri dishes, addition of P. dimorphospora into soil significantly reduced the population of C. scoparium and disease incidence. In the greenhouse, application of P. dimorphospora into the top layer of soil reduced pre- and post-emergence damping-off by 79.5%. Under greenhouse conditions, P. dimorphospora stimulated the population of Trichoderma harzianum, a well-known antagonist of soil-borne plant pathogens. In soil treated with P. dimorphospora, the number of propagules of T. harzianum was 100–500 times higher than in the untreated control, whereas the population of C. scoparium decreased rapidly and was not detectable 1 month after sowing. Key words: Phaeotheca dimorphospora, Trichoderma harzianum, Cylindrocladium scoparium, damping-off, biological control, fungal antagonist, Pinus resinosa.

scholarly journals Preliminary experiments into the use of Streptomyces spp. isolated from peat in the biological control of soil and seed-borne diseases in peat culture 

1982 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 357-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Risto Tahvonen
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Fusarium Culmorum ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
Alternaria Brassicicola ◽  
Foot Rot ◽  
Damping Off ◽  
Sand Soil ◽  
Seeding Layer ◽  
Streptomyces Spp

Streptomyces spp. isolates obtained from peat effectively inhibited the growth of Alternaria brassicicola Wiltshire, Fusarium culmorum (W. G. Smith) Sacc., F. sulphureum Schlechtendahl, Pythium debaryanum auct. non Hesse and Rhizoctonia solani Kühn on PDA medium, but Streptomyces spp. isolates from fine sand soil were not effective against F. culmorum compared to the strains isolated from peat. Treatment of cauliflower seeds with Streptomyces spp. isolated from peat effectively controlled damping-off caused by A. brassicicola and R. solani when the seedlings were grown on either disinfected or fresh peat. Spraying the seeding layer of the peat substrate with a suspension of Streptomyces reduced the mortality of barley sprouts and foot rot caused by F. culmorum, and damping-off on sugar beet caused by P. debaryanum.

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