Pediatric Aphakic Glaucoma

Purpose: To find the frequency and pathogenesis of post-operative aphakic glaucoma in children operated for congenital cataract at Mardan Medical Complex, Mardan, Pakistan. Study Design: Retrospective Cohort study. Place and Duration of Study: Mardan Medical Complex, Mardan between January 2001 and December 2014. Material and Methods: All cases were operated for congenital cataracts between the ages of 2 months to 30 months were included in the study. Babies having congenital cataracts with increased intraocular pressure (IOP), those showing signs of congenital glaucoma and those having congenital cataracts with specific syndromes were not included in the study. Results: We reviewed the records of 110 patients who had bilateral lens aspiration for congenital cataracts. We found 7 patients (12 eyes) who developed increased intra-ocular pressure (IOP) after bilateral lens matter aspiration for congenital cataracts. Four patients (three males one female), developed early onset pupil block glaucoma, (2 bilateral and 2 unilateral) while in 3 female patients the onset of glaucoma was delayed for several months to years and was of the open angle type in both the eyes. Poor compliance with follow up, poor pupillary dilatation, prolonged surgical time, severe inflammation and residual lens matter are some of the risk factors for early onset pupillary block aphakic glaucoma in pediatric age group. Conclusions: Pediatric aphakic glaucoma is a significant complication of congenital cataract surgery which requires continuous followup of the patients. Key Words: Pediatric aphakic glaucoma, Congenital cataract, Aphakic open angle glaucoma, Pupil block, Primary posterior capsulotomy,

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Original Article PEDIATRIC APHAKIC GLAUCOMA (REVISED) (1)

Pakistan Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.36351/pjo.v35i3.94 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 35 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Zia Muhammad, Muhammad Tariq, Mubashir Jalis, Anjum Khalid

Keyword(s):

Early Onset ◽

Congenital Cataract ◽

Open Angle Glaucoma ◽

Congenital Glaucoma ◽

Open Angle ◽

Congenital Cataracts ◽

Pediatric Age Group ◽

Department Of Ophthalmology ◽

Aphakic Glaucoma ◽

Ocular Pressure

Purpose: To know the occurrence and pathogenesis of post operative aphakic glaucoma in children operated for congenital cataract at Mardan Medical Complex, Mardan KP (Pakistan). Study Design: Retrospective Cohort study Place and duration of Study: Mardan Medical Complex, Mardan (KP) between January 2001 and December 2014. Material and Methods: A retrospective analysis of all cases was conducted who were operated for congenital cataracts between the ages from 2 months to 30 months in the Department of Ophthalmology Mardan Medical Complex, Mardan (Pakistan) between January, 2001 and December, 2014. Babies having congenital cataracts with increased intraocular pressure (IOP), those showing signs of congenital glaucoma and those having congenital cataracts with specific syndromes were not included in the study. Results: We reviewed the records of 110 patients who had bilateral lens aspiration for congenital cataracts. We found 7 patients (12 eyes) who developed increased intra-ocular pressure (IOP) after bilateral lens matter aspiration for congenital cataracts. Four patients (three males one female), developed early onset pupil block glaucoma, (2 bilateral and 2 unilateral) while in 3 female patients the onset of glaucoma was delayed for several months to years and was of the open angle type in both the eyes. Conclusions: Poor compliance with follow up, poor pupillary dilatation, prolonged surgical time, severe inflammation and residual lens matter are some of the risk factors for early onset pupillary block aphakic glaucoma in pediatric age group. The exact mechanism of open angle glaucoma detected later on remains unclear and difficult to manage. Key Words : Pediatric aphakic glaucoma, Congenital cataract, Aphakic open angle glaucoma, Pupil block, Primary posterior capsulotomy,

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Effect of trabeculectomy and canaloplasty on intra-ocular pressure modifications after postural changes in open-angle glaucoma

Acta Ophthalmologica ◽

10.1111/aos.12470 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 92 (6) ◽

pp. e498-e499 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Luciano Quaranta ◽

Elena Biagioli ◽

Ivano Riva ◽

Claudia Tosoni ◽

Paolo Brusini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Open Angle Glaucoma ◽

Open Angle ◽

Intra Ocular Pressure ◽

Postural Changes ◽

Ocular Pressure

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GSTs (T1 and M1) population data in patients with glaucoma: genetic screening and ethical aspects

10.36811/irjo.2019.110004 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 18-23

Author(s):

Ferreri F.M.B ◽

Sapienza D

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽

Open Angle Glaucoma ◽

Gene Families ◽

Dna Polymorphisms ◽

Congenital Glaucoma ◽

Antioxidant Systems ◽

Italian Population ◽

Open Angle ◽

Healthy Individuals

Background and Aim: Molecular epidemiology is an interdisciplinary field concerning the analysis of biological indicators and the investigation of individual DNA polymorphisms. The glutathione-S-transferases (GSTs) are one of the most studied metabolic gene families. They are involved in the genesis of oxidative stress and many authors hypothesize that some null polymorphic variants determine increasing toxic effects in tissues. Oxidative stress and antioxidant systems are very important in the onset and progress of glaucoma, one of the leading causes of blindness worldwide. We investigate the association of null variant of GST (M1 and T1) with the risk of primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and we considered the ethical and legal implications of genetic procedures as a screening tool. Materials and Methods: We conducted a case-control study including 103 unrelated carriers of glaucoma in a southern Italian population (living in Eastern Sicily) and 150 unrelated healthy individuals as controls, whose buccal swabs samples were genotyped for GST polymorphisms using a standardized multiplex PCR based method. Results: In patients with glaucoma (primary open angle glaucoma, POAG) null genotype of the investigated genetic polymorphisms is very common compared to the healthy individuals. The obtained data suggest an influence of the (dual) null genotype on the normal metabolic pathway in the genesis of congenital glaucoma giving to these polymorphisms the role of so-called “indicators of susceptibility”. Conclusions: We conclude that the increased frequency of null GSTs (M1, T1) in patients with glaucoma could be considered a risk factor for incidence of the disease. Screenings can be carried out only in compliance with legislative rules. Keywords: Glaucoma; Glutathione S-transferase; GSTM1; GSTT1

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The association between primary open-angle glaucoma and helicobacter pylori infection

Journal of Clinical Research and Ophthalmology ◽

10.17352/2455-1414.000091 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 036-042

Author(s):

Raji Mohammad Mehdi

Keyword(s):

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽

Open Angle Glaucoma ◽

Helicobacter Pylori Infection ◽

Control Group ◽

Case Group ◽

Open Angle ◽

Practical Applications ◽

Ocular Pressure ◽

H Pylori

Background: Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma (POAG) the most common form of glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disease, which is the third most common cause of blindness worldwide. It is estimated that 60 million people in the world are affected by this disease and 8.4 million are bilaterally blind. Among the various factors that have been implicated in the pathophysiology of this disease is infection with Helicobacter pylori (HP), a Gram-negative bacterium that is commonly found in stomach and present in approximately one-half of the world’s population. Establishment of such a causal correlation will probably have important practical applications as the eradication of H. pylori might lead to developments in the treatment of glaucoma. Objectives: To investigate the association between Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma (POAG) and Helicobacter Pylori infection and to observe fluctuations in intra ocular pressure after Helicobacter Pylori infection eradication. Design: Duration based, prospective observational study. Participants: 50 patients with documented Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma (POAG) as case group and 50 non-glaucoma participants as control group. Methods: Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was performed to evaluate macroscopic abnormalities, and gastric mucosal biopsy specimens were obtained for the presence of H. pylori infection tested by Rapid Urease Test (RUT). All subjects underwent detailed ocular examinations including visual acuity, slit-lamp examination, fundoscopy, intra-ocular pressure recording, gonioscopy, GHT to assess visual fields and OCT of optic nerve head. Results: In 90% of POAG patients of case group and in 68% of non-glaucoma participants of control group Helicobacter pylori infection was detected by RUT (P-Value=0.007). Conclusion: H. pylori infection is more frequent in glaucoma patients, perhaps more so in those of Indian ethnicity. It may play a role as a secondary aggravating factor or even may be the primary cause. The establishment of such a causal relationship will probably have important practical applications as the eradication of H. pylori might lead to developments in the treatment of glaucoma.

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9 Primary Congenital Glaucoma and Juvenile Open Angle Glaucoma

Wills Eye Handbook of Ocular Genetics ◽

10.1055/b-0037-149032 ◽

2018 ◽

Keyword(s):

Open Angle Glaucoma ◽

Congenital Glaucoma ◽

Open Angle ◽

Primary Congenital Glaucoma

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Timolol eyedrops (timoptol) for glaucoma

Drug and Therapeutics Bulletin ◽

10.1136/dtb.18.4.13 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 13-14

Keyword(s):

Ocular Hypertension ◽

Adverse Reactions ◽

Open Angle Glaucoma ◽

Open Angle ◽

Timolol Maleate ◽

Topical Preparation ◽

Intra Ocular Pressure ◽

Ocular Pressure ◽

Β Blocker ◽

Adrenergic Blocking

β-Adrenergic blocking agents given systemically reduce intra-ocular pressure,1 but until recently their topical use in glaucoma was limited by ocular and systemic adverse reactions. Timolol maleate eyedrops (Timoptol - MSD) is the first topical preparation of a β-blocker that is sufficiently well tolerated to be useful in chronic simple (open-angle) glaucoma and in ocular hypertension (raised intra-ocular pressure without damage to the eye).

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