Original Article PEDIATRIC APHAKIC GLAUCOMA (REVISED) (1)

Purpose: To know the occurrence and pathogenesis of post operative aphakic glaucoma in children operated for congenital cataract at Mardan Medical Complex, Mardan KP (Pakistan). Study Design: Retrospective Cohort study Place and duration of Study: Mardan Medical Complex, Mardan (KP) between January 2001 and December 2014. Material and Methods: A retrospective analysis of all cases was conducted who were operated for congenital cataracts between the ages from 2 months to 30 months in the Department of Ophthalmology Mardan Medical Complex, Mardan (Pakistan) between January, 2001 and December, 2014. Babies having congenital cataracts with increased intraocular pressure (IOP), those showing signs of congenital glaucoma and those having congenital cataracts with specific syndromes were not included in the study. Results: We reviewed the records of 110 patients who had bilateral lens aspiration for congenital cataracts. We found 7 patients (12 eyes) who developed increased intra-ocular pressure (IOP) after bilateral lens matter aspiration for congenital cataracts. Four patients (three males one female), developed early onset pupil block glaucoma, (2 bilateral and 2 unilateral) while in 3 female patients the onset of glaucoma was delayed for several months to years and was of the open angle type in both the eyes. Conclusions: Poor compliance with follow up, poor pupillary dilatation, prolonged surgical time, severe inflammation and residual lens matter are some of the risk factors for early onset pupillary block aphakic glaucoma in pediatric age group. The exact mechanism of open angle glaucoma detected later on remains unclear and difficult to manage. Key Words : Pediatric aphakic glaucoma, Congenital cataract, Aphakic open angle glaucoma, Pupil block, Primary posterior capsulotomy,

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Pediatric Aphakic Glaucoma

Pakistan Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.36351/pjo.v35i3.970 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 35 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Zia Muhammad John Grigg, Ikramullah Ihsan Ali

Keyword(s):

Early Onset ◽

Congenital Cataract ◽

Open Angle Glaucoma ◽

Congenital Glaucoma ◽

Open Angle ◽

Congenital Cataracts ◽

Pediatric Age Group ◽

Study Results ◽

Aphakic Glaucoma ◽

Ocular Pressure

Purpose: To find the frequency and pathogenesis of post-operative aphakic glaucoma in children operated for congenital cataract at Mardan Medical Complex, Mardan, Pakistan. Study Design: Retrospective Cohort study. Place and Duration of Study: Mardan Medical Complex, Mardan between January 2001 and December 2014. Material and Methods: All cases were operated for congenital cataracts between the ages of 2 months to 30 months were included in the study. Babies having congenital cataracts with increased intraocular pressure (IOP), those showing signs of congenital glaucoma and those having congenital cataracts with specific syndromes were not included in the study. Results: We reviewed the records of 110 patients who had bilateral lens aspiration for congenital cataracts. We found 7 patients (12 eyes) who developed increased intra-ocular pressure (IOP) after bilateral lens matter aspiration for congenital cataracts. Four patients (three males one female), developed early onset pupil block glaucoma, (2 bilateral and 2 unilateral) while in 3 female patients the onset of glaucoma was delayed for several months to years and was of the open angle type in both the eyes. Poor compliance with follow up, poor pupillary dilatation, prolonged surgical time, severe inflammation and residual lens matter are some of the risk factors for early onset pupillary block aphakic glaucoma in pediatric age group. Conclusions: Pediatric aphakic glaucoma is a significant complication of congenital cataract surgery which requires continuous followup of the patients. Key Words: Pediatric aphakic glaucoma, Congenital cataract, Aphakic open angle glaucoma, Pupil block, Primary posterior capsulotomy,

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Effect of trabeculectomy and canaloplasty on intra-ocular pressure modifications after postural changes in open-angle glaucoma

Acta Ophthalmologica ◽

10.1111/aos.12470 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 92 (6) ◽

pp. e498-e499 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Luciano Quaranta ◽

Elena Biagioli ◽

Ivano Riva ◽

Claudia Tosoni ◽

Paolo Brusini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Open Angle Glaucoma ◽

Open Angle ◽

Intra Ocular Pressure ◽

Postural Changes ◽

Ocular Pressure

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GSTs (T1 and M1) population data in patients with glaucoma: genetic screening and ethical aspects

10.36811/irjo.2019.110004 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 18-23

Author(s):

Ferreri F.M.B ◽

Sapienza D

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽

Open Angle Glaucoma ◽

Gene Families ◽

Dna Polymorphisms ◽

Congenital Glaucoma ◽

Antioxidant Systems ◽

Italian Population ◽

Open Angle ◽

Healthy Individuals

Background and Aim: Molecular epidemiology is an interdisciplinary field concerning the analysis of biological indicators and the investigation of individual DNA polymorphisms. The glutathione-S-transferases (GSTs) are one of the most studied metabolic gene families. They are involved in the genesis of oxidative stress and many authors hypothesize that some null polymorphic variants determine increasing toxic effects in tissues. Oxidative stress and antioxidant systems are very important in the onset and progress of glaucoma, one of the leading causes of blindness worldwide. We investigate the association of null variant of GST (M1 and T1) with the risk of primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and we considered the ethical and legal implications of genetic procedures as a screening tool. Materials and Methods: We conducted a case-control study including 103 unrelated carriers of glaucoma in a southern Italian population (living in Eastern Sicily) and 150 unrelated healthy individuals as controls, whose buccal swabs samples were genotyped for GST polymorphisms using a standardized multiplex PCR based method. Results: In patients with glaucoma (primary open angle glaucoma, POAG) null genotype of the investigated genetic polymorphisms is very common compared to the healthy individuals. The obtained data suggest an influence of the (dual) null genotype on the normal metabolic pathway in the genesis of congenital glaucoma giving to these polymorphisms the role of so-called “indicators of susceptibility”. Conclusions: We conclude that the increased frequency of null GSTs (M1, T1) in patients with glaucoma could be considered a risk factor for incidence of the disease. Screenings can be carried out only in compliance with legislative rules. Keywords: Glaucoma; Glutathione S-transferase; GSTM1; GSTT1

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The association between primary open-angle glaucoma and helicobacter pylori infection

Journal of Clinical Research and Ophthalmology ◽

10.17352/2455-1414.000091 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 036-042

Author(s):

Raji Mohammad Mehdi

Keyword(s):

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽

Open Angle Glaucoma ◽

Helicobacter Pylori Infection ◽

Control Group ◽

Case Group ◽

Open Angle ◽

Practical Applications ◽

Ocular Pressure ◽

H Pylori

Background: Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma (POAG) the most common form of glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disease, which is the third most common cause of blindness worldwide. It is estimated that 60 million people in the world are affected by this disease and 8.4 million are bilaterally blind. Among the various factors that have been implicated in the pathophysiology of this disease is infection with Helicobacter pylori (HP), a Gram-negative bacterium that is commonly found in stomach and present in approximately one-half of the world’s population. Establishment of such a causal correlation will probably have important practical applications as the eradication of H. pylori might lead to developments in the treatment of glaucoma. Objectives: To investigate the association between Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma (POAG) and Helicobacter Pylori infection and to observe fluctuations in intra ocular pressure after Helicobacter Pylori infection eradication. Design: Duration based, prospective observational study. Participants: 50 patients with documented Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma (POAG) as case group and 50 non-glaucoma participants as control group. Methods: Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was performed to evaluate macroscopic abnormalities, and gastric mucosal biopsy specimens were obtained for the presence of H. pylori infection tested by Rapid Urease Test (RUT). All subjects underwent detailed ocular examinations including visual acuity, slit-lamp examination, fundoscopy, intra-ocular pressure recording, gonioscopy, GHT to assess visual fields and OCT of optic nerve head. Results: In 90% of POAG patients of case group and in 68% of non-glaucoma participants of control group Helicobacter pylori infection was detected by RUT (P-Value=0.007). Conclusion: H. pylori infection is more frequent in glaucoma patients, perhaps more so in those of Indian ethnicity. It may play a role as a secondary aggravating factor or even may be the primary cause. The establishment of such a causal relationship will probably have important practical applications as the eradication of H. pylori might lead to developments in the treatment of glaucoma.

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9 Primary Congenital Glaucoma and Juvenile Open Angle Glaucoma

Wills Eye Handbook of Ocular Genetics ◽

10.1055/b-0037-149032 ◽

2018 ◽

Keyword(s):

Open Angle Glaucoma ◽

Congenital Glaucoma ◽

Open Angle ◽

Primary Congenital Glaucoma

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Timolol eyedrops (timoptol) for glaucoma

Drug and Therapeutics Bulletin ◽

10.1136/dtb.18.4.13 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 13-14

Keyword(s):

Ocular Hypertension ◽

Adverse Reactions ◽

Open Angle Glaucoma ◽

Open Angle ◽

Timolol Maleate ◽

Topical Preparation ◽

Intra Ocular Pressure ◽

Ocular Pressure ◽

Β Blocker ◽

Adrenergic Blocking

β-Adrenergic blocking agents given systemically reduce intra-ocular pressure,1 but until recently their topical use in glaucoma was limited by ocular and systemic adverse reactions. Timolol maleate eyedrops (Timoptol - MSD) is the first topical preparation of a β-blocker that is sufficiently well tolerated to be useful in chronic simple (open-angle) glaucoma and in ocular hypertension (raised intra-ocular pressure without damage to the eye).

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Analysis of MYOC gene mutation in a Chinese glaucoma family with primary open-angle glaucoma and primary congenital glaucoma

Chinese Medical Journal ◽

10.1097/00029330-200607020-00015 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 119 (14) ◽

pp. 1210-1214 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Ye-hong ZHUO ◽

Mei WANG ◽

Yan-tao WEI ◽

Ya-lin HUANG ◽

Jian GE

Keyword(s):

Gene Mutation ◽

Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽

Open Angle Glaucoma ◽

Congenital Glaucoma ◽

Open Angle ◽

Primary Congenital Glaucoma

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Association between Platelet Parameters and Glaucoma Severity in Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma

Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1155/2019/3425023 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Yi Ma ◽

Jianping Han ◽

Shengjie Li ◽

Aiping Zhang ◽

Wenjun Cao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽

Clinical Laboratory ◽

Open Angle Glaucoma ◽

Large Cell ◽

Control Group ◽

Mean Deviation ◽

Open Angle ◽

Regression Analyses ◽

Distribution Width ◽

Department Of Ophthalmology

Purpose. To evaluate platelet parameters in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) patients and to explore the association between platelet parameters and POAG severity. Methods. A total of 402 consecutive POAG patients and 408 healthy control subjects from the Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, were consecutively recruited between January 2016 and October 2018. Detailed ophthalmological and systematic examinations were performed. Blood samples for platelet parameters, including platelet count (PLT), platelet distribution width (PDW), plateletcrit (PCT), mean platelet volume (MPV), and platelet large cell ratio (P-LCR), were analyzed using an automated hematology analyzer in the department of clinical laboratory science of the hospital. The POAG subgroups were classified according to age (<50, ≥50), gender, and visual field mean deviation (MD): mild (MD ≤ 6 dB), moderate (6 dB < MD ≤ 12 dB), and severe (MD > 12 dB). Results. In POAG patients, PLT counts (207.08 ± 54.70 ∗ 109/L) were significantly lower p=0.001 than those of the control group (220.46 ± 55.85 ∗ 109/L). In the POAG group, PDW (13.76 ± 3.16 fL) and MPV (10.46 ± 1.32 fL) values were significantly higher (all p<0.001) than those of the control group (PDW 11.82 ± 2.44 fL, MPV 10.13 ± 1.10 fL). PDW and MPV values were highest in the severe POAG group (PDW 14.49 ± 2.99 fL; MPV 10.74 ± 1.39 fL), followed by the moderate group (PDW 12.50 ± 3.14 fL; MPV 10.02 ± 1.08 fL) and then the mild group (PDW 11.82 ± 2.44 fL; MPV 9.92 ± 0.76 fL), with statistically significant differences observed between mild-severe POAG and moderate-severe POAG groups by LSD post hoc test. Multiple linear regression analyses showed a significant association between PDW and MD (β = 0.430, p<0.001) and MPV and MD (β = 0.363, p=0.001). Logistic regression analyses revealed that PDW (OR = 1.297, 95% CI = 1.011–1.663) was associated with the severity of POAG. Conclusions. PDW and MPV values were significantly elevated in POAG patients, and PDW was positively associated with disease severity, which suggested the possibility that platelet activation be involved in pathomechanisms of POAG.

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Proportion of Glaucoma among Voluntary People Coming for Glaucoma Screening Program at Jimma University Department of Ophthalmology, Jimma, Ethiopia

Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences ◽

10.4314/ejhs.v30i1.3 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 30 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Kumale Tolesa Daba ◽

Girum W. Gessesse ◽

Sisay Bekele Sori

Keyword(s):

Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽

Screening Program ◽

Open Angle Glaucoma ◽

Open Angle ◽

Community Screening ◽

Glaucoma Screening ◽

Department Of Ophthalmology ◽

University Department ◽

Structure Evaluation ◽

Jimma University

BACKGROUND: Glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness worldwide. Glaucoma screening has been controversial, and much of the controversy has centered on the value of mass or community screening.METHODS: The aim of this study was to determine the proportion of glaucoma among volunteer adults who were screened in Jimma University Department of Ophthalmology. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 459 volunteer residents of Jimma town and surrounding areas. The study subjects were aged 40 years and above, who came for community screening program after media announcement during the four consecutive weekends of November 2014. Comprehensive eye examination was done including best corrected visual acuity, intra-ocular pressure measurement, stereoscopic optic nerve evaluation, angle structure evaluation and visual field testing. Three diagnostic criteria for glaucoma were employed for all cases.RESULTS: Of all adults who came for screening, 47(10.24%) were diagnosed to have glaucoma, 59(12.85%) were glaucoma suspects, and 8(1.74%) had ocular hypertension. The proportion of glaucoma increased with increasing age, (P value= 0.001 (99%CI)). Primary open angle glaucoma was the most common form (42.55%) of all new cases while 4.4% of all screened adults were followed by normal tension glaucoma (29.79%), pseudoexfoliative glaucoma (19.15%), and primary angle closure glaucoma (6.38%) Around 5.7% of all glaucoma cases were found to be blind.CONCLUSION: The proportion of glaucoma in this community screening program in Southwest Ethiopia was 10.24% with primary open angle glaucoma being the commonest subtype. Glaucoma community screening should be promoted for early diagnosis and intervention to prevent irreversible blindness.

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