scholarly journals POTENSI PUPUK HIJAU TURI MINI (Sesbania rostrata Brem) DALAM BIDANG PERTANIAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fitri Kurniati
Keyword(s):  
Sesbania Rostrata ◽  
Azorhizobium Caulinodans

Penggunaan pupuk anorganik yang terus menerus menyebabkan kerusakan tanah dan pencemaran lingkungan akibat residu yang ditinggalkannya. Penggunaan pupuk organik dapat mengatasinya dengan cara meningkatkan kesuburan fisik, kimia dan biologis tanah. Salah satu diantaranya adalah pupuk hijau yang sekaligus mengatasi masalah keterbatasan pupuk organik yang berasal dari pupuk kandang. Pupuk hijau yang potensial untuk dikembangkan adalah turi mini (Sesbania rostrata) dari kelompok legum yang mempunyai beberapa kelebihan dibandingkan legum lainnya. Turi mini mempunyai nodula pada batang yang sangat banyak, selain pada akarnya, yang bekerjasama dengan bakteri Azorhizobium caulinodans untuk menambat N2 udara. Jumlah nodul itu bisa 5 sampai 10 kali lipat daripada legum lainnya, sehingga dapat memfiksasi N2 udara mencapai 5 sampai 10 kali lipat yaitu 270 kg ha-1. Turi mini dapat meningkatkan efisiensi penyerapan N sampai 25%, meningkatkan kandungan N tanah dan meningkatkan penyerapan P. Kelebihan dari legum lain adalah mampu hidup pada kondisi tergenang seperti di rawa-rawa atau pada lahan sawah, tahan terhadap tingkat salinitas tinggi, tahan terhadap kekeringan. Hasil penelitian yang telah dibuktikan beberapa peneliti adalah meningkatkan hasil gabah padi, meningkatkan bobot tongkol jagung dan mengurangi penggunaan pupuk anorganik urea

scholarly journals Glutaredoxins Play an Important Role in the Redox Homeostasis and Symbiotic Capacity of Azorhizobium caulinodans ORS571

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (12) ◽  
pp. 1381-1393
Author(s):  
Yajun Cao ◽  
Gaofei Jiang ◽  
Mingxu Li ◽  
Xingxing Fang ◽  
Dan Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Redox State ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Redox Homeostasis ◽  
Sesbania Rostrata ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Azorhizobium Caulinodans ◽  
Cellular Redox ◽  
Symbiotic Associations ◽  
Functional Analyses ◽  
Azorhizobium Caulinodans Ors571

Glutaredoxin (GRX) plays an essential role in the control of the cellular redox state and related pathways in many organisms. There is limited information on GRXs from the model nitrogen (N2)-fixing bacterium Azorhizobium caulinodans. In the present work, we identified and performed functional analyses of monothiol and dithiol GRXs in A. caulinodans in the free-living state and during symbiosis with Sesbania rostrata. Our data show that monothiol GRXs may be very important for bacterial growth under normal conditions and in response to oxidative stress due to imbalance of the redox state in grx mutants of A. caulinodans. Functional redundancies were also observed within monothiol and dithiol GRXs in terms of different physiological functions. The changes in catalase activity and iron content in grx mutants were assumed to favor the maintenance of bacterial resistance against oxidants, nodulation, and N2 fixation efficiency in this bacterium. Furthermore, the monothiol GRX12 and dithiol GRX34 play a collective role in symbiotic associations between A. caulinodans and Sesbania rostrata. Our study provided systematic evidence that further investigations are required to understand the importance of glutaredoxins in A. caulinodans and other rhizobia.

A gfp reporter plasmid to visualize Azorhizobium caulinodans during nodulation of Sesbania rostrata

Plasmid ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wim D'Haeze ◽  
Mengsheng Gao ◽  
Marcelle Holsters
Keyword(s):  
Sesbania Rostrata ◽  
Reporter Plasmid ◽  
Azorhizobium Caulinodans ◽  
Gfp Reporter

scholarly journals Rhizobial Factors Required for Stem Nodule Maturation and Maintenance in Sesbania rostrata-Azorhizobium caulinodans ORS571 Symbiosis

2007 ◽  
Vol 73 (20) ◽  
pp. 6650-6659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shino Suzuki ◽  
Toshihiro Aono ◽  
Kyung-Bum Lee ◽  
Tadahiro Suzuki ◽  
Chi-Te Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Sesbania Rostrata ◽  
Azorhizobium Caulinodans ◽  
Physiological Mechanisms ◽  
Repeated Observations ◽  
Stem Nodule ◽  
Tropical Legume ◽  
Fixation Activity ◽  
Stem Nodulation ◽  
Azorhizobium Caulinodans Ors571

ABSTRACT The molecular and physiological mechanisms behind the maturation and maintenance of N2-fixing nodules during development of symbiosis between rhizobia and legumes still remain unclear, although the early events of symbiosis are relatively well understood. Azorhizobium caulinodans ORS571 is a microsymbiont of the tropical legume Sesbania rostrata, forming N2-fixing nodules not only on the roots but also on the stems. In this study, 10,080 transposon-inserted mutants of A. caulinodans ORS571 were individually inoculated onto the stems of S. rostrata, and those mutants that induced ineffective stem nodules, as displayed by halted development at various stages, were selected. From repeated observations on stem nodulation, 108 Tn5 mutants were selected and categorized into seven nodulation types based on size and N2 fixation activity. Tn5 insertions of some mutants were found in the well-known nodulation, nitrogen fixation, and symbiosis-related genes, such as nod, nif, and fix, respectively, lipopolysaccharide synthesis-related genes, C4 metabolism-related genes, and so on. However, other genes have not been reported to have roles in legume-rhizobium symbiosis. The list of newly identified symbiosis-related genes will present clues to aid in understanding the maturation and maintenance mechanisms of nodules.

scholarly journals A Dual Role of Amino Acids from Sesbania rostrata Seed Exudates in the Chemotaxis Response of Azorhizobium caulinodans ORS571

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (9) ◽  
pp. 1134-1147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaolin Liu ◽  
Zhihong Xie ◽  
Yixuan Wang ◽  
Yu Sun ◽  
Xiaoxiao Dang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Dual Role ◽  
Chemotactic Response ◽  
Nodule Formation ◽  
Sesbania Rostrata ◽  
Azorhizobium Caulinodans ◽  
Regulation Of Expression ◽  
Chemotaxis Proteins ◽  
Azorhizobium Caulinodans Ors571

Azorhizobium caulinodans ORS571 can induce nodule formation on the roots and the stems of its host legume, Sesbania rostrata. Plant exudates are essential in the dialogue between microbes and their host plant and, in particular, amino acids can play an important role in the chemotactic response of bacteria. Histidine, arginine, and aspartate, which are the three most abundant amino acids present in S. rostrata seed exudates, behave as chemoattractants toward A. caulinodans. A position-specific-iterated BLAST analysis of the methyl-accepting chemotaxis proteins (MCPs) (chemoreceptors) in the genome of A. caulinodans was performed. Among the 43 MCP homologs, two MCPs harboring a dCache domain were selected as possible cognate amino acid MCPs. After analysis of relative gene expression levels and construction of a gene-deleted mutant strain, one of them, AZC_0821 designed as TlpH, was confirmed to be responsible for the chemotactic response to the three amino acids. In addition, it was found that these three amino acids can also influence chemotaxis of A. caulinodans independently of the chemosensory receptors, by being involved in the increase of the expression level of several che and fla genes involved in the chemotaxis pathway and flagella synthesis. Thus, the contribution of amino acids present in seed exudates is directly related to the role as chemoattractants and indirectly related to the role in the regulation of expression of key genes involved in chemotaxis and motility. This “dual role” is likely to influence the formation of biofilms by A. caulinodans and the host root colonization properties of this bacterium.

scholarly journals Survival of Azorhizobium caulinodans in the Soil and Rhizosphere of Wetland Rice under Sesbania rostrata-Rice Rotation

1989 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 454-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. K. Ladha ◽  
Minviluz Garcia ◽  
S. Miyan ◽  
Agnes T. Padre ◽  
I. Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Wetland Rice ◽  
Sesbania Rostrata ◽  
Azorhizobium Caulinodans
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