scholarly journals Finite-time and spectral-finite methods of optimal filtering of discrete signals

2021 ◽  
pp. 154-160
Author(s):  
Ю.П. Иванов

На основе содержания теоремы ортогонального проецирования излагаются методы оптимальных, линейных рекуррентных оценок, в общем случае, не марковских, сигналов, на фоне произвольных помех. Предлагаемые алгоритмы оптимальной обработки дискретных сигналов являются альтернативными методу фильтрации Калмана, не отличающимися заметно от них по точности обработки и являющимися более универсальными и простыми при их реализации. Универсальность исследуемых методов определяется применимостью их к широкому классу моделей сигналов, не требующих марковского свойства оцениваемого сигнала и изменения структуры алгоритма оценки в зависимости от моделей помех измерения в виде случайного коррелированного процесса или белого шума. Более простые структуры алгоритмов рассматриваемых методов по отношению к фильтрации Калмана объясняются отсутствием необходимости представления модели в пространстве состояний и требования решать нелинейное уравнение Риккати для реализации алгоритма. Спектрально-финитный алгоритм оптимальной оценки сигнала осуществляет сжатие информации в спектральном аспекте на основе использования метода нахождения собственных чисел и векторов и позволяет осуществить понижение размерности векторов результатов измерений вплоть до скалярных величин без заметной потери точности оценки. В качестве исходной информации необходимо знание корреляционной функции и математического ожидания оцениваемого дискретного сигнала и дисперсии и математического ожидания дискретной помехи. Based on the content of the orthogonal projection theorem, methods of optimal, linear recurrent estimates of, in general, non-Markov signals, against the background of arbitrary interference, are presented. The proposed algorithms for optimal processing of discrete signals are alternative to the Kalman filtering method, which do not differ significantly from them in terms of processing accuracy and are more universal and simple to implement. The universality of the studied methods is determined by their applicability to a wide class of signal models that do not require the Markov property of the estimated signal and changes in the structure of the estimation algorithm depending on the measurement interference models in the form of a random correlated process or white noise. The simpler structures of the algorithms of the methods under consideration in relation to Kalman filtering are explained by the absence of the need to represent the model in the state space and the requirement to solve the nonlinear Riccati equation for the implementation of the algorithm.

Author(s):  
Hao Yang ◽  
Yilian Zhang ◽  
Wei Gu ◽  
Fuwen Yang ◽  
Zhiquan Liu

This paper is concerned with the state estimation problem for an automatic guided vehicle (AGV). A novel set-membership filtering (SMF) scheme is presented to solve the state estimation problem in the trajectory tracking process of the AGV under the unknown-but-bounded (UBB) process and measurement noises. Different from some existing traditional filtering methods, such as Kalman filtering method and [Formula: see text] filtering method, the proposed SMF scheme is developed to provide state estimation sets rather than state estimation points for the system states to effectively deal with UBB noises and reduce the requirement of the sensor precision. Then, in order to obtain the state estimation ellipsoids containing the true states, a set-membership estimation algorithm is designed based on the AGV physical model and S-procedure technique. Finally, comparison examples are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed SMF scheme for an AGV state estimation problem in the present of the UBB noises.


2013 ◽  
Vol 333-335 ◽  
pp. 243-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lan Xiang Sun ◽  
Zhi Bo Cong ◽  
Yong Xin ◽  
Li Feng Qi ◽  
Yang Li

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is excellent for its potential of online compositional analysis. Large signal fluctuation is the major obstacle of LIBS for quantitative analysis application. A kalman filtering method is proposed to estimate the elemental concentration and smooth the quantitative results. The system state model and the measurement model are deduced. The relation matrix between the measured values and system state is estimated based on calibration curve built on some standard samples, and the measurement noise matrix is estimated by the variance of multiple measurements of the spectral intensity. In order to make Kalman filter follow the changes of elemental concentration, the initial value of the covariance matrix of estimation error is reset as a certain rule. The experimental results show that the Kalman filtering method can greatly reduce the fluctuation of quantitative results and improve the measurement accuracy.


2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pengpeng Jiao ◽  
Ruimin Li ◽  
Tuo Sun ◽  
Zenghao Hou ◽  
Amir Ibrahim

Short-term prediction of passenger flow is very important for the operation and management of a rail transit system. Based on the traditional Kalman filtering method, this paper puts forward three revised models for real-time passenger flow forecasting. First, the paper introduces the historical prediction error into the measurement equation and formulates a revised Kalman filtering model based on error correction coefficient (KF-ECC). Second, this paper employs the deviation between real-time passenger flow and corresponding historical data as state variable and presents a revised Kalman filtering model based on Historical Deviation (KF-HD). Third, the paper integrates nonparametric regression forecast into the traditional Kalman filtering method using a Bayesian combined technique and puts forward a revised Kalman filtering model based on Bayesian combination and nonparametric regression (KF-BCNR). A case study is implemented using statistical passenger flow data of rail transit line 13 in Beijing during a one-month period. The reported prediction results show that KF-ECC improves the applicability to historical trend, KF-HD achieves excellent accuracy and stability, and KF-BCNR yields the best performances. Comparisons among different periods further indicate that results during peak periods outperform those during nonpeak periods. All three revised models are accurate and stable enough for on-line predictions, especially during the peak periods.


Author(s):  
Tingting Guo ◽  
Feng Qiao ◽  
Mingzhe Liu ◽  
Aidong Xu ◽  
Qinning Liu ◽  
...  

2014 ◽  
Vol 711 ◽  
pp. 338-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Wang ◽  
Cheng Shan Qian ◽  
Zi Jia Zhang ◽  
Chang Song Yang

To improve the navigation precision and reliability of autonomous underwater vehicles, a terrain-aided strapdown inertial navigation based on Federated Filter (FF) is proposed in this paper. The characteristics of strapdown inertial navigation system and terrain-aided navigation system are described in this paper, and Federated Filtering method is applied to the information fusion. Simulation experiments of novel integrated navigation system proposed in the paper were carried out comparing to the traditional Kalman filtering methods. The experiment results suggest that the Federated Filtering method is able to improve the long-time navigation precision and reliability, relative to the traditional Kalman Filtering method.


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