Comparison of Meteorological Drought and Hydrological Drought Index

2015 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo-Ram Lee ◽  
◽  
Jang Hyun Sung ◽  
Eun-Sung Chung
Keyword(s):  
Drought Index ◽  
Meteorological Drought ◽  
Hydrological Drought ◽  
Hydrological Drought Index

scholarly journals Identifying a Transition Climate Zone in an Arid River Basin using a Hydrological Drought Index

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Libo Zhang ◽  
Yongqiang Liu ◽  
Lu Hao ◽  
Decheng Zhou ◽  
Cen Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Drought Index ◽  
Meteorological Drought ◽  
Hydrological Drought ◽  
Heihe River Basin ◽  
Heihe River ◽  
Climate Classification ◽  
Climate Zone ◽  
Annual Variability ◽  
Hydrological Drought Index

Abstract. Drought indices have been widely used in climate classification. However, there is not enough evidence for their ability in identifying the multiple climate types in areas with complex topography and landscape, especially in those areas with a transition climate. This study compares a meteorological drought index, the aridity index (AI) defined as the ratio of precipitation (P) to potential evapotranspiration (PET), with a hydrological drought index, the evaporative stress index (ESI) defined as the ratio of actual evapotranspiration (AET) to PET. We conducted this study using modeled high resolution climate data for period of 1980–2010 in the Heihe River Basin (HRB) in the arid northwestern China. PET was estimated using the Penman–Monteith and Hamon methods. The climate classified by AI shows two distinct climate types for the upper and the middle and lower basin reaches, while three types were found if ESI was used. This difference indicates that only ESI is able to identify a transition climate zone in the middle basin. This contrast between the two indices is also seen in the inter-annual variability and extreme dry/wet events. The magnitude of variability in the middle basin is close to that in the lower basin for AI, but different for ESI. AI has larger magnitude of the relative inter-annual variability and greater decreasing rate from 1980–2010 than ESI, suggesting the role of local hydrological processes in moderating extreme climate events. Thus, the hydrological drought index is better than the meteorological drought index for climate classification in the arid Heihe River Basin where local climate is largely determined by topography and landscape. We conclude that the land–surface processes and human disturbances play an important role in altering hydrological drought conditions and their spatial and temporal variability.

scholarly journals Probabilistic hydrological drought index forecasting based on meteorological drought index using Archimedean copulas

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 1230-1250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majid Dehghani ◽  
Bahram Saghafian ◽  
Mansoor Zargar
Keyword(s):  
Drought Index ◽  
Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Meteorological Drought ◽  
Hydrological Drought ◽  
Dependence Structure ◽  
Monthly Precipitation ◽  
Drought Condition ◽  
Copula Functions ◽  
Hydrological Droughts ◽  
Hydrological Drought Index

Abstract Hydrological drought forecasting is considered a key component in water resources risk management. As sustained meteorological drought may lead to hydrological drought over time, it is conceptually feasible to capitalize on the dependency between the meteorological and hydrological droughts while trying to forecast the latter. As such, copula functions are powerful tools to study the propagation of meteorological droughts into hydrological droughts. In this research, monthly precipitation and discharge time series were used to determine Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and Standardized Hydrological Drought Index (SHDI) at different time scales which quantify the state of meteorological and hydrological droughts, respectively. Five Archimedean copula functions were adopted to model the dependence structure between meteorological/hydrological drought indices. The Clayton copula was identified for further investigation based on the p-value. Next, the conditional probability and the matrix of forecasted class transitions were calculated. Results indicated that the next month's SHDI class forecasting is promising with less than 10% error. Moreover, extreme and severe meteorological drought classes lead to hydrological drought condition with a more than 70% probability. Other classes of meteorological drought/wet conditions lead to normal hydrological (drought) condition with less than 50% probability and to wet hydrological condition with over 20% probability.

A copula-based joint meteorological–hydrological drought index in a humid region (Kasilian basin, North Iran)

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Majid Cheraghalizadeh ◽  
Arezoo N. Ghameshlou ◽  
Javad Bazrafshan ◽  
Ommolbanin Bazrafshan
Keyword(s):  
Drought Index ◽  
Hydrological Drought ◽  
Humid Region ◽  
Hydrological Drought Index

scholarly journals Hydrological drought index insurance for irrigation districts in Spain

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. e0105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Maestro ◽  
Maria Bielza ◽  
Alberto Garrido
Keyword(s):  
Drought Index ◽  
Expert Panel ◽  
Crop Insurance ◽  
Hydrological Drought ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Index Insurance ◽  
Insurance Scheme ◽  
Insurance System ◽  
Irrigation Districts ◽  
Hydrological Drought Index

Hydrological droughts are a major risk for irrigated agriculture in many regions of the world. The aim of this article is to propose an insurance tool to help irrigators manage the risk of water scarcity in the framework of the Spanish Crop Insurance System (SCIS). Only the United States Insurance System provides this type of coverage, but has very restrictive conditions. To determine the type of insurance scheme that better fits with the SCIS and to the Spanish irrigated agriculture, an expert panel was held with the participation of all stakeholders involved in crop insurance. Following the expert panel conclusions, an hydrological drought index insurance (HDII) addressed to irrigation districts (ID) is proposed. It would compensate water deficits suffered in the whole ID. We detail the conditions that the ID should fulfill to be eligible for HDII. HDII is applied to the Bardenas Irrigation District V (ID-V) in Spain, and the hedging effectiveness of the instrument is analyzed comparing ID-V’s gross margins with and without the insurance contract. Results suggest that the proposed insurance scheme could provide an effective means of reducing farmers’ vulnerability to water shortages and there is no major impediment for it to be included as a new line in the SCIS. This type of insurance can be generalized to any ID fulfilling the conditions mentioned in this paper.

scholarly journals Comparison of Projection in Meteorological and Hydrological Droughts in the Cheongmicheon Watershed for RCP4.5 and SSP2-4.5

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 2066
Author(s):  
Jin Hyuck Kim ◽  
Jang Hyun Sung ◽  
Eun-Sung Chung ◽  
Sang Ug Kim ◽  
Minwoo Son ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Circulation ◽  
Drought Index ◽  
Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Coupled Model ◽  
Meteorological Drought ◽  
General Circulation Models ◽  
Hydrological Drought ◽  
Drought Indices ◽  
Drought Period ◽  
Drought Characteristics

Due to the recent appearance of shares socioeconomic pathway (SSP) scenarios, there have been many studies that compare the results between Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP)5 and CMIP6 general circulation models (GCMs). This study attempted to project future drought characteristics in the Cheongmicheon watershed using SSP2-4.5 of Australian Community Climate and Earth System Simulator-coupled model (ACCESS-CM2) in addition to Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 4.5 of ACCESS 1-3 of the same institute. The historical precipitation and temperature data of ACCESS-CM2 were generated better than those of ACCESS 1-3. Two meteorological drought indices, namely, Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) were used to project meteorological drought while a hydrological drought index, Standardized Streamflow Index (SDI), was used to project the hydrological drought characteristics. The metrological data of GCMs were bias-corrected using quantile mapping method and the streamflow was obtained using Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) and bias-corrected meteorological data. As a result, there were large differences of drought occurrences and severities between RCP4.5 and SSP2-4.5 for the values of SPI, SPEI, and SDI. The differences in the minimum values of drought index between near (2021–2060) and far futures (2061–2100) were very small in SSP2-4.5, while those in RCP4.5 were very large. In addition, the longest drought period from SDI was the largest because the variation in precipitation usually affects the streamflow with a lag. Therefore, it was concluded that it is important to consider both CMIP5 and CMIP6 GCMs in establishing the drought countermeasures for the future period.

scholarly journals ASSESSING DROUGHT CHARACTERISTICS OF MELAKA BASIN USING JOINT METEOROLOGICAL AND STREAMFLOW INDICES

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kee An Hong ◽  
Jer Lang Hong ◽  
Izihan Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Drought Index ◽  
Meteorological Drought ◽  
Hydrological Drought ◽  
Drought Indices ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Streamflow Data ◽  
Hydrological Droughts ◽  
Drought Occurrence ◽  
Meteorological Droughts

In this study, drought occurrence in the Melaka basin has been assessed using the meteorological and hydrological drought indices. A continuous rainfall and streamflow data of 40 years were used for drought analysis. Results show that in terms of meteorological drought index, the severe drought occurred in 1986-1988. The streamflow drought index indicates that the extreme drought occurred in 1982-1984. Further analysis based on seasonal precipitation and streamflow data shows that there is no drought for 79% of the time for the period 1960-2000 where there are hydrological records. For most of the dry and wet seasons, it is more likely that the frequency of occurrence of hydrological droughts only is higher than the frequency of occurrence of meteorological and hydrological droughts simultaneously or only meteorological droughts.

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