Spontaneous recovery and ABC renewal from retroactive cue interference

“Tennis and golfer’s elbow” are common pathologies due to overload of forearm extensors and flexors, and actually occur mostly outside tennis and golf sports. Several differential diagnoses of medial and lateral epicondylitis have to be excluded as there are a number of other conditions with similar clinical symptoms. The high rate of spontaneous recovery has to be considered in treatment. Evidence based conservative treatment comprises excentric physiotherapy, local injections, and physical methods. Surgery is reserved for patients with persistence of symptoms for more than one year despite non-surgical treatment.

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Recovery of Vocal Cord Motion Among Pediatric Patients

Annals of Otology Rhinology & Laryngology ◽

10.1177/00034894211033366 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 000348942110333

Author(s):

Courtney Ann Prestwood ◽

Ashley B. Brown ◽

Romaine F. Johnson

Keyword(s):

Vocal Cord ◽

Spontaneous Recovery ◽

Vocal Cord Paralysis ◽

Pediatric Population ◽

Current Evidence ◽

Symptom Improvement ◽

Patient Counseling ◽

Early Recovery ◽

Kaplan Meier ◽

Recovery Group

Objectives: Patients with vocal cord paralysis can experience feeding, respiratory, and vocal problems leading to disability and decreased quality of life. Current evidence suggests waiting a period of 12 months for spontaneous recovery before permanent interventions. This study aims to determine the time to recover spontaneously and vocal cord movement in a pediatric population and create a model for evidence-based patient counseling. Study Design: Retrospective longitudinal cohort study. Methods: The report is a single institution longitudinal study on vocal cord paralysis recovery. Patients were categorized based on spontaneous recovery with vocal cord movement or no recovery. Recovery rates were determined using the Kaplan-Meier method. Results: Of 158 cases of vocal cord paralysis over a 4-year period, 36 had spontaneous recovery with symptom improvement and motion return. The average recovery was 8.8 months for those who recovered, and 78% recovered within 9 months. Two groups emerged from the data: an early recovery group with spontaneous recovery before 12 months and a late recovery group after 12 months. Children with dysphonia and paralysis due to cardiac surgery were less likely to recover, and children with aspiration were more likely to recover. Children with gastrointestinal comorbidities were less likely to recover; however, those who did recover were more likely to have recovered after 12 months. Based on our model, there is about a 3% chance of recovery between 9 and 12 months. Conclusions: Patients should be counseled about earlier interventions. Waiting the conventional 12 months for only a 3% chance of spontaneous recovery without intervention or laryngeal EMG may not be the preferred option for some patients and their families.

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The Histopathology of Severe Graded Compression in Lower Thoracic Spinal Cord Segment of Rat, Evaluated at Late Post-injury Phase

Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology ◽

10.1007/s10571-021-01139-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Fedorova Jana ◽

Kellerova Erika ◽

Bimbova Katarina ◽

Pavel Jaroslav

Keyword(s):

Spinal Cord ◽

Spontaneous Recovery ◽

Traumatic Injury ◽

Blue Dye ◽

Post Injury ◽

Thoracic Spinal Cord ◽

Thoracic Spinal ◽

Severe Traumatic Injury ◽

Spinal Cord Segment ◽

Cord Injury

AbstractSpontaneous recovery of lost motor functions is relative fast in rodent models after inducing a very mild/moderate spinal cord injury (SCI), and this may complicate a reliable evaluation of the effectiveness of potential therapy. Therefore, a severe graded (30 g, 40 g and 50 g) weight-compression SCI at the Th9 spinal segment, involving an acute mechanical impact followed by 15 min of persistent compression, was studied in adult female Wistar rats. Functional parameters, such as spontaneous recovery of motor hind limb and bladder emptying function, and the presence of hematuria were evaluated within 28 days of the post-traumatic period. The disruption of the blood-spinal cord barrier, measured by extravasated Evans Blue dye, was examined 24 h after the SCI, when maximum permeability occurs. At the end of the survival period, the degradation of gray and white matter associated with the formation of cystic cavities, and quantitative changes of glial structural proteins, such as GFAP, and integral components of axonal architecture, such as neurofilaments and myelin basic protein, were evaluated in the lesioned area of the spinal cord. Based on these functional and histological parameters, and taking the animal’s welfare into account, the 40 g weight can be considered as an upper limit for severe traumatic injury in this compression model.

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