scholarly journals 18. History of Manufacture of Fine Particles in High-Temperature Aerosol Reactors

2011 ◽  
pp. 475-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sotiris Pratsinis
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Aerosol Reactors ◽  
History Of

TIN

Alloy Digest ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Collapsible Tubes ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
History Of ◽  
Important Constituent ◽  
Varied History

Abstract TIN is used as a coating on steel and on other metals and alloys. When alloyed with other metals, it is an important constituent in soft solders, collapsible tubes, pewter ware, costume jewelry, fusable pressure plugs, bronze and bearing linings. It has a long and varied history of commercial and ornamental uses. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness and creep. It also includes information on low and high temperature performance, and corrosion resistance as well as casting, forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: Sn-5. Producer or source: World tin producers (ingots).

Inertial impaction of fine particles at high temperature and high pressure

1981 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 297-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Parker ◽  
Seymour Calvert ◽  
Dennis Drehmel ◽  
James Abbott
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Inertial Impaction

scholarly journals High- and low-temperature pyrolysis profiles describe volatile organic compound emissions from western US wildfire fuels

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanako Sekimoto ◽  
Abigail R. Koss ◽  
Jessica B. Gilman ◽  
Vanessa Selimovic ◽  
Matthew M. Coggon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Biomass Burning ◽  
Ponderosa Pine ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Voc Emissions ◽  
Western Us ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Low Temperature Pyrolysis ◽  
Pyrolysis Processes

Abstract. Biomass burning is a large source of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and many other trace species to the atmosphere, which can act as precursors to the formation of secondary pollutants such as ozone and fine particles. Measurements collected with a proton-transfer-reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometer during the FIREX 2016 laboratory intensive were analyzed with Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF), in order to understand the instantaneous variability in VOC emissions from biomass burning, and to simplify the description of these types of emissions. Despite the complexity and variability of emissions, we found that a solution including just two emission profiles, which are mass spectral representations of the relative abundances of emitted VOCs, explained on average 85 % of the VOC emissions across various fuels representative of the western US (including various coniferous and chaparral fuels). In addition, the profiles were remarkably similar across almost all of the fuel types tested. For example, the correlation coefficient r of each profile between Ponderosa pine (coniferous tree) and Manzanita (chaparral) is higher than 0.9. We identified the two VOC profiles as resulting from high-temperature and low-temperature pyrolysis processes known to form VOCs in biomass burning. High-temperature and low-temperature pyrolysis processes do not correspond exactly to the commonly used flaming and smoldering categories as described by modified combustion efficiency (MCE). The average atmospheric properties (e.g. OH reactivity, volatility, etc.) of the high- and low-temperature profiles are significantly different. We also found that the two VOC profiles can describe previously reported VOC data for laboratory and field burns. This indicates that the high- and low-temperature pyrolysis profiles could be widely useful to model VOC emissions from many types of biomass burning in the western US, with a few exceptions such as burns of duff and rotten wood.

40 Ar— 39 Ar ages and irradiation history of Luna 24 basalts

1980 ◽  
Vol 297 (1428) ◽  
pp. 27-39 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Wind ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Production Rate ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Spectral Information ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Surface Sample ◽  
History Of ◽  
Impact Events ◽  
The Way

The Luna 24 mission sampled a variety of lithologies in a single core. Two of these lithologies, a metabasalt (24196) and a crushed basalt (24170) have been subjected to 40 Ar- 39 Ar dating experiments to determine if metamorphism significantly post-dated basalt extrusion. The metabasalt exhibited symptoms of both solar wind contamination and 39 Ar recoil; in view of these effects an age may only be defined by making extreme assumptions. High temperature release fractions give an age of 3.36 ± 0.11 Ga, while the cumulate 40 Ar/ 39 Ar ratio gives 3.14 ± 0.16 Ga; both are comparable with the basalt (24170) age and suggest that the metabasalts represent thermally penecontemporaneously metamorphosed flow margins, rather than the products of later impact events. The feldspar from the microgabbro yielded an age of 3.37 ± 0.20 Ga. The ratios of cosmogenic 38 Ar to Ca in pyroxene and feldspar are within error identical, indicating that 38 Ar production from Fe in the pyroxene is small. This is the first definitive use of Fe-produced 38 Ar as a spectral hardness indicator and implies that the microgabbro received much of its cosmic ray exposure at depth in the regolith. By taking account of the dependence of 38 Ar production rate with depth it is inferred that the microgabbro layer was deposited within the last 350-500 Ma. By implication, the regolith layers above the microgabbro at the Luna 24 site are younger. The metabasalt has an identical cosmogenic 38 Ar/Ca ratio; however, because of the decrease of production rate with depth it could have experienced a 20 % pre-exposure before deposition of the microgabbro. Spectral information has also been obtained from a reappraisal of published argon data and indicates a much harder spectrum for a near surface sample. The way in which the Ca- and Fe-produced 38 Ar e follow the broad trend of the instantaneous production profiles suggests that the regolith at the Luna 24 site has been relatively undisturbed for much of the last 300 Ma.

scholarly journals A crystallographic study of crystalline casts and pseudomorphs from the 3.5 Ga Dresser Formation, Pilbara Craton (Australia)

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 1050-1058 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fermin Otálora ◽  
A. Mazurier ◽  
J. M. Garcia-Ruiz ◽  
M. J. Van Kranendonk ◽  
E. Kotopoulou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Geological History ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Mineral Phase ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Crystallographic Study ◽  
History Of ◽  
Degree Of Confidence ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Pilbara Craton

Crystallography has a long history of providing knowledge and methods for applications in other disciplines. The identification of minerals using X-ray diffraction is one of the most important contributions of crystallography to earth sciences. However, when the crystal itself has been dissolved, replaced or deeply modified during the geological history of the rocks, diffraction information is not available. Instead, the morphology of the crystal cast provides the only crystallographic information on the original mineral phase and the environment of crystal growth. This article reports an investigation of crystal pseudomorphs and crystal casts found in a carbonate-chert facies from the 3.48 Ga-old Dresser Formation (Pilbara Craton, Australia), considered to host some of the oldest remnants of life. A combination of X-ray microtomography, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and crystallographic methods has been used to reveal the original phases of these Archean pseudomorphs. It is found with a high degree of confidence that the original crystals forming in Archean times were hollow aragonite, the high-temperature polymorphs of calcium carbonate, rather than other possible alternatives such as gypsum (CaSO4·2H20) and nahcolite (NaHCO3). The methodology used is described in detail.

Commercial gigahertz-class NMR magnets

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Wikus ◽  
Wolfgang Frantz ◽  
Rainer Kümmerle ◽  
Patrik Vonlanthen
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
High Temperature Superconductors ◽  
Proton Resonance Frequency ◽  
Proton Resonance ◽  
Analytical Technique ◽  
Structure Of Molecules ◽  
Control Food ◽  
History Of ◽  
University Of Florence ◽  
The University

Abstract Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a wide-spread analytical technique which is used in a large range of different fields, such as quality control, food analysis, material science and structural biology. In the widest sense, NMR is an analytical technique to determine the structure of molecules. At the time of writing this manuscript, commercial NMR spectrometers with a proton resonance frequency ≥ 900 MHz are only available from Bruker. In 2019, Bruker installed the first 1.1 GHz (25.8 T) NMR spectrometer at the St. Jude Children Research Hospital in Memphis, Tennessee, followed by the installation of the first 1.2 GHz (28.2 T) NMR spectrometer at the University of Florence in Italy in 2020. These were the first commercial NMR spectrometers operating at magnetic fields in excess of what can be achieved with conventional low temperature superconductors, and which depend on high temperature superconductors to generate the required magnetic field. In this paper, the requirements on commercial NMR magnets are discussed and the history of high-field NMR magnets is reviewed. Bruker’s R&D program for 1.1 and 1.2 GHz NMR magnets and spectrometers will be described, and some of the key properties of these first commercial NMR magnets with high-temperature superconductors are reported.

Successful History of Cementing and Zonal Isolation in Thailand’s High Temperature Offshore Wells

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Brandl ◽  
Vincentius Valentino ◽  
Guillaume Fauchille ◽  
Aung Min Thein ◽  
Rick Stanley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
History Of ◽  
Zonal Isolation
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