scholarly journals Hospitalizations associated with 2009 influenza A (H1N1) and seasonal influenza in Saurashtra region, India

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 834-841 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajesh K Chudasama ◽  
Umed V Patel ◽  
Pramod B Verma
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Median Time ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Seasonal Influenza ◽  
H1n1 Influenza ◽  
Pandemic H1n1 ◽  
H1n1 Influenza Virus ◽  
Pandemic H1n1 Influenza ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

Introduction: This study investigated the clinico-epidemiological characteristics of patients who were hospitalized with 2009 pandemic H1N1 influenza virus infection and seasonal influenza in the Saurashtra region of India. Methodology: From September 2009 to February 2010, a total of 773 patients with influenza virus attending different hospitals in Rajkot city were studied. Real-time reverse-transcriptase-polymerase-chain-reaction (RT-PCR) testing was used to confirm infection; the clinico-epidemiological features of the disease were closely monitored. Results: Of the 733 patients, 35.4% (274/773) were cases of 2009 pandemic H1N1 influenza and 64.6% (499/773) were cases of seasonal influenza. Of the 274 patients with 2009 pandemic H1N1 influenza, the median age was 29.5 years, and 51.5% were males. Only 1.1% positive patients had recent travel history to an infected region. A median time of five days was observed from onset of illness to influenza A (H1N1) diagnosis, and a median time of six days was reported for hospital stay. All admitted influenza A (H1N1) patients received Oseltamivir drug, but only 16.1% received it within two days of onset of illness. One fourth of the admitted positive patients died. The most common symptoms were cough, fever, sore throat, and shortness of breath. The coexisting conditions were diabetes mellitus, hypertension, chronic pulmonary diseases, and pregnancy (p = 0.001). Chest radiography revealed 93% of the positive patients had pneumonia. Conclusion: The clinical course and outcomes of the 2009 pandemic (H1N1) influenza virus are comparable to those of the currently circulating seasonal influenza, with high mortality in influenza A (H1N1) patients.

scholarly journals Contemporary Seasonal Influenza A (H1N1) Virus Infection Primes for a More Robust Response To Split Inactivated Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) Virus Vaccination in Ferrets

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 1998-2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali H. Ellebedy ◽  
Thomas P. Fabrizio ◽  
Ghazi Kayali ◽  
Thomas H. Oguin ◽  
Scott A. Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Pandemic Influenza ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Seasonal Influenza ◽  
H1n1 Virus ◽  
H1n1 Influenza ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Inactivated Vaccine ◽  
H1n1 Influenza Virus ◽  
Influenza A H1n1

ABSTRACT Human influenza pandemics occur when influenza viruses to which the population has little or no immunity emerge and acquire the ability to achieve human-to-human transmission. In April 2009, cases of a novel H1N1 influenza virus in children in the southwestern United States were reported. It was retrospectively shown that these cases represented the spread of this virus from an ongoing outbreak in Mexico. The emergence of the pandemic led to a number of national vaccination programs. Surprisingly, early human clinical trial data have shown that a single dose of nonadjuvanted pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009 monovalent inactivated vaccine (pMIV) has led to a seroprotective response in a majority of individuals, despite earlier studies showing a lack of cross-reactivity between seasonal and pandemic H1N1 viruses. Here we show that previous exposure to a contemporary seasonal H1N1 influenza virus and to a lesser degree a seasonal influenza virus trivalent inactivated vaccine is able to prime for a higher antibody response after a subsequent dose of pMIV in ferrets. The more protective response was partially dependent on the presence of CD8+ cells. Two doses of pMIV were also able to induce a detectable antibody response that provided protection from subsequent challenge. These data show that previous infection with seasonal H1N1 influenza viruses likely explains the requirement for only a single dose of pMIV in adults and that vaccination campaigns with the current pandemic influenza vaccines should reduce viral burden and disease severity in humans.

scholarly journals A new pandemic influenza A(H1N1) genetic variant predominated in the winter 2010 influenza season in Australia, New Zealand and Singapore

2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (42) ◽  
Author(s):  
I G Barr ◽  
L Cui ◽  
N Komadina ◽  
R T Lee ◽  
R T Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Influenza Season ◽  
H1n1 Influenza ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Pandemic H1n1 ◽  
H1n1 Influenza Virus ◽  
Adaptive Mutations ◽  
Pandemic H1n1 Influenza ◽  
Influenza A H1n1

Pandemic H1N1 influenza virus is of global health concern and is currently the predominant influenza virus subtype circulating in the southern hemisphere 2010 winter. The virus has changed little since it emerged in 2009, however, in this report we describe several genetically distinct changes in the pandemic H1N1 influenza virus. These variants were first detected in Singapore in early 2010 and have subsequently spread through Australia and New Zealand. At this stage, these signature changes in the haemagglutinin and neuraminidase proteins have not resulted in significant antigenic changes which might make the current vaccine less effective, but such adaptive mutations should be carefully monitored as the northern hemisphere approaches its winter influenza season.

scholarly journals Behaviour of the pandemic H1N1 influenza virus in Andalusia, Spain, at the onset of the 2009-10 season

2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (49) ◽  
Author(s):  
J M Mayoral Cortés ◽  
L Puell Gómez ◽  
E Pérez Morilla ◽  
V Gallardo García ◽  
E Duran Pla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza A ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Seasonal Influenza ◽  
H1n1 Influenza ◽  
Influenza Epidemic ◽  
H1n1 Influenza Virus ◽  
Pandemic H1n1 Influenza ◽  
Appropriate Care ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
Health Centres

In Andalusia, Spain, the pandemic influenza A(H1N1)v virus has spread throughout the community, being the dominant influenza strain in the season so far. The current objective of the Andalusia Health Service is focussed on the mitigation of the health and social impact by appropriate care of the patients at home or in health centres. The 2009-10 seasonal influenza epidemic started early compared with to previous seasons. This article analyses the influenza A(H1N1)v situation in Andalusia until the week 39/2009.

scholarly journals Resistance of turkeys to experimental infection with an early 2009 Italian human influenza A(H1N1)v virus isolate

2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (41) ◽  
Author(s):  
C Terregino ◽  
R De Nardi ◽  
R Nisi ◽  
F Cilloni ◽  
A Salviato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Experimental Infection ◽  
Safety Issue ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
H1n1 Influenza ◽  
Pandemic H1n1 ◽  
H1n1 Influenza Virus ◽  
Pandemic H1n1 Influenza ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
Homologous Antigen

We performed an experimental infection of 21- and 70-day-old meat turkeys with an early human isolate of the 2009 pandemic H1N1 influenza virus exhibiting an α-2,3 receptor binding profile. Virus was not recovered by molecular or conventional methods from blood, tracheal and cloacal swabs, lungs, intestine or muscle tissue. Seroconversion was detected in a limited number of birds with the homologous antigen only. Our findings suggest that in its present form, the pandemic H1N1 influenza virus is not likely to be transmitted to meat turkeys and does therefore not represent an animal health or food safety issue for this species.

scholarly journals Age-Dependent Glycomic Response to the 2009 Pandemic H1N1 Influenza Virus and Its Association with Disease Severity

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 4486-4495
Author(s):  
Shuhui Chen ◽  
Brian Kasper ◽  
Bin Zhang ◽  
Lauren P. Lashua ◽  
Ted M. Ross ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
H1n1 Influenza ◽  
Pandemic H1n1 ◽  
H1n1 Influenza Virus ◽  
Pandemic H1n1 Influenza ◽  
Age Dependent
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