Long-term administration of ginsenoside Rh1 enhances learning and memory by promoting cell survival in the mouse hippocampus

Baclofen is the only clinically available metabotropic GABAB receptor agonist. In our experiment, we tested the hypothesis that long-term baclofen administration can impair learning and memory in rats. The experiment consisted of three parts. In the first part of the study the drug was administered simultaneously with the beginning of the behavioral tests. In the second and third part of the experiment baclofen was administered daily for 14 days and for one month before the tests. In each part of the experiment, adult rats were randomly divided into four treatment groups. Three groups were given an injection of baclofen at doses of 1 mg/kg, 5 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg, while the fourth group was injected with saline. The injections were given after each session. Spatial learning and memory were tested using the Morris water maze, involving three types of tests: Acquisition, Probe, and Re-acquisition. This work reveals that baclofen did not affect spatial learning at any of the tested doses and regardless of the length of administration. Memory was observed to be affected, but only at the highest dose of baclofen and only temporarily. This conclusion is in line with previously published clinical cases.

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Long Term Administration of Hypericum perforatum Improves Spatial Learning and Memory in the Water Maze

Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin ◽

10.1248/bpb.25.1289 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 25 (10) ◽

pp. 1289-1294 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Ewa Widy-Tyszkiewicz ◽

Agnieszka Piechal ◽

Ilona Joniec ◽

Kamilla Blecharz-Klin

Keyword(s):

Learning And Memory ◽

Spatial Learning ◽

Water Maze ◽

Hypericum Perforatum ◽

Spatial Learning And Memory ◽

Term Administration

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Efficacy of long term administration of curcuma longa linn. on learning and retention memory in albino mice

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.26452/ijrps.v11ispl4.4587 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (SPL4) ◽

pp. 2955-2959

Author(s):

Nitin S Kunnoor ◽

Basavambika Anandi ◽

Komal Halkai ◽

Priyanka K

Keyword(s):

Passive Avoidance ◽

Learning And Memory ◽

Water Maze ◽

Curcuma Longa ◽

Test Group ◽

Standard Group ◽

Memory Assessment ◽

Term Administration ◽

Albino Mice

There is an increase in non-degenerative memory-related disorders in elderly people. Curcuma Longa linn. can induce cognitive improvement by reducing oxidative stress and antioxidant property. This study evaluated the effect of chronic administration of Curcuma Longa linn. on learning and memory in mice. Twenty four male swiss albino mice aged 6 to 8 weeks, weighing 25-30 g were randomized into control, standard, and test groups. Control group received 0.5% Carboxymethylcellulose; the standard group received piracetam and test group received Curcuma Longa linn. orally for 42 days (6 weeks). Water maze test and step-through passive avoidance test were used to evaluate the effect of Curcuma Longa linn. on learning and memory. 1 week of water maze training done (day 40 to 46). On day 47, spatial memory assessment was done. On day 49 retention memory assessment was done. In control, tandard, and test groups, the mean escape latency (EL) was observed to be 42.7, 30.7, and 31.3 seconds on day 43 which decreased to 11.3, 11.6, and 9.8 seconds on 46th day, respectively. The EL in all the three groups decreased from day 43 to Day 46 (p<0.01). The time spent in the northeast target quadrant was more in the test group (21.6 seconds) compared to control (19.9 seconds) and standard group (19.6 seconds) (p=0.768). Test group showed a trend towards improvement in retention memory (p=0.293) in passive avoidance test. In conclusion, Curcuma Longa linn. demonstrated that long term administration may be useful in enhancing the learning in albino mice but there was no improvement in retention of memory in test group mice as compared to the standard and controlled animals.

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Developmental onset of enduring long-term potentiation in mouse hippocampus

10.1101/787192 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Olga I. Ostrovskaya ◽

Guan Cao ◽

Cagla Eroglu ◽

Kristen M. Harris

Keyword(s):

Synaptic Plasticity ◽

Learning And Memory ◽

Hippocampal Slices ◽

Long Term Potentiation ◽

Mouse Strains ◽

Developmental Profile ◽

Important Species ◽

Term Potentiation ◽

Mouse Hippocampus

ABSTRACTAnalysis of long-term potentiation (LTP) provides a powerful window into cellular mechanisms of learning and memory. Prior work shows late LTP (L-LTP), lasting >3 hours, occurs abruptly at postnatal day 12 (P12) in rat hippocampus. The goal here was to determine the developmental profile of synaptic plasticity leading to L-LTP in the mouse hippocampus. Two mouse strains and two mutations known to affect synaptic plasticity were chosen: C57BL/6 and Fmr1−/y on the C57BL/6 background, and 129SVE and Hevin−/− (Sparcl1−/−) on the 129SVE background. Like rats, hippocampal slices from all of the mice showed test pulse-induced depression early during development that was gradually resolved with maturation by 5 weeks. All the mouse strains showed a gradual progression between P10-P35 in the expression of short-term potentiation (STP), lasting ≤ one hour. In the 129SVE mice, L-LTP onset (>25% of slices) occurred by 3 weeks, reliable L-LTP (>50% slices) was achieved by 4 weeks, and Hevin−/− advanced this profile by one week. In the C57BL/6 mice, L-LTP onset occurred significantly later, over 3-4 weeks, and reliability was not achieved until 5 weeks. Although some of the Fmr1−/y mice showed L-LTP before 3 weeks, reliable L-LTP also was not achieved until 5 weeks. Two bouts of TBS separated by ≥90 minutes advanced the onset age of L-LTP in rats from P12 to P10. In contrast, L-LTP onset was not advanced in any of the mouse genotypes by multiple bouts of TBS at 90 or 180 minute intervals. These findings show important species differences in the onset of STP and L-LTP, which occur at the same age in rats but are sequentially acquired in mice.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTLong-term potentiation (LTP) is a cellular mechanism of learning and memory. Knowing the developmental profile for LTP provides a basis for investigating developmental abnormalities leading to intellectual disabilities and other neurodevelopmental disorders. Here we explore the developmental profile of LTP onset in two wild type mouse strains, C57BL/6 and 129SVE, together with Fmr1−/y and Hevin−/− (Sparcl1−/−) mutations that produce abnormalities in synaptic structure, plasticity, and development. Our data provide a foundation for future investigations into connections between structural and functional plasticity leading to developmental anomalies in the brain.

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Learning and Memory of Rats after Long-Term Administration of Low Doses of Parathion

Toxicological Sciences ◽

10.1093/toxsci/46.1.101 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 46 (1) ◽

pp. 101-111 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

I. A. Ivens ◽

G. Schmuck ◽

L. Machemer

Keyword(s):

Learning And Memory ◽

Low Doses ◽

Term Administration

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The efficacy and safety of long-term administration of alpha-interferon and lamivudine in patients with chronic hepatitits B

Gastroenterology ◽

10.1016/s0016-5085(01)82843-2 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 120 (5) ◽

pp. A572-A572

Author(s):

F JABOLI ◽

E RODA ◽

C FABBRI ◽

S MARCHETTO ◽

F FERRARA ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alpha Interferon ◽

Efficacy And Safety ◽

Term Administration

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ALTERATION OF STEROID EXCRETION PATTERNS AFTER LONG-TERM ADMINISTRATION OF ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES TO HIRSUTE WOMEN

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/acta.0.056s160 ◽

1967 ◽

Vol 56 (1_Suppl) ◽

pp. S160

Author(s):

Friedrich Husmann

Keyword(s):

Oral Contraceptives ◽

Term Administration ◽

Steroid Excretion

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STUDIES IN THE SUPPOSED GOITROGENOUS EFFECT OF TAP WATER IN HELSINKI

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/acta.0.xxxiii0630 ◽

1960 ◽

Vol XXXIII (IV) ◽

pp. 630-636

Author(s):

F.-E. Krusius ◽

P. Peltola

Keyword(s):

Tap Water ◽

Physiological Saline ◽

Normal Weight ◽

The Body ◽

Iodine Uptake ◽

Redistilled Water ◽

Detectable Difference ◽

Term Administration ◽

Long Term Experiment

ABSTRACT The study reported here was performed in order to examine the tap water of Helsinki for its alleged goitrogenous effect. In a short-term, 24-hour experiment with rats, kept on an iodine-poor diet, we noticed no inhibition of the 4-hour 131I uptake, as compared with that of animals receiving physiological saline instead of tap water. Two similar groups of rats receiving 1 and 2 mg of mercazole in redistilled water showed a distinct blockage of the 4-hour uptake, which proved the effect of this substance. In a long-term experiment of 5 weeks' duration there was no detectable difference in the body weight, thyroid weight and the 4-hour 131I uptake when the rats receiving tap water or distilled water to which 0.45 per cent of sodium chloride was added were compared with each other. Replacement of tap water by a 10 mg per cent solution of mercazole in redistilled water enlarged the thyroid to double its normal weight and increased the 131I uptake to approximately five times that of the controls. Thus our experiments failed to demonstrate any goitrogenous effect in the tap water of Helsinki. Changes similar to those produced by a long-term administration of mercazole, i. e. an enlargement of the thyroid and an increased thyroidal iodine uptake, have been shown to be due to milk collected from goitrous areas. The observations here reported confirm the importance of milk in the genesis of the goitre endemia of Helsinki. Attention is further called to the fact that a thyroidal enlargement combined with an increased thyroidal iodine uptake cannot always be taken as a sign of iodine deficiency because similar changes may be produced by the administration of goitrogens.

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