Conservation Since 2000

2018 ◽  
pp. 190-217
Author(s):  
Valinda Carroll
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Recovery ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
First Century ◽  
Conservation Practices ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Work Space ◽  
Environmental Controls ◽  
Housing Materials ◽  
Twenty First Century

This chapter describes changes in conservation practices in the twenty-first century. As public spaces were repurposed from storage to study and work space, collections were moved into dedicated spaces that could sustain tighter environmental controls than an open stack environment. Digital access relieved pressure on print collections in many libraries, while digitization projects required intervention by conservators. Rehousing replaced repair as a default preservation strategy for many materials, and improved housing materials played an increasingly important role in conservation. In this chapter, conservation for disaster recovery is examined from the perspective of short-term in situ response techniques, and longer term laboratory treatments to restore access to affected collections. Surveys have suggested that routine practices have evolved slowly since 2000. With an emphasis on novel and unique techniques in the peer-reviewed literature, many important questions about routine conservation procedures in disaster recovery have remained unanswered.

Conservation Since 2000

2016 ◽  
pp. 467-493
Author(s):  
Valinda Carroll
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Recovery ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
First Century ◽  
Conservation Practices ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Work Space ◽  
Environmental Controls ◽  
Housing Materials ◽  
Twenty First Century

This chapter describes changes in conservation practices in the twenty-first century. As public spaces were repurposed from storage to study and work space, collections were moved into dedicated spaces that could sustain tighter environmental controls than an open stack environment. Digital access relieved pressure on print collections in many libraries, while digitization projects required intervention by conservators. Rehousing replaced repair as a default preservation strategy for many materials, and improved housing materials played an increasingly important role in conservation. In this chapter, conservation for disaster recovery is examined from the perspective of short-term in situ response techniques, and longer term laboratory treatments to restore access to affected collections. Surveys have suggested that routine practices have evolved slowly since 2000. With an emphasis on novel and unique techniques in the peer-reviewed literature, many important questions about routine conservation procedures in disaster recovery have remained unanswered.

Designing for Opera in the Scramble: Duality in Sound and Experience

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Helferty
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
First Century ◽  
University Campus ◽  
The Public ◽  
Traffic Lights ◽  
Performance Space ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
Pedestrian Crossing ◽  
The City

There are few art forms as comprehensive and encompassing as opera. Since its conception, opera has been used to express the deepest emotions of the human experience and it has been adapted by designers in a variety of methods and degrees to speak to each generation. In this project, I have proposed the re-imagining of public spaces as opera performance spaces and studied the resulting duality of sound and experience. To explore this topic, I looked to the public spaces on Queen’s University campus for inspiration and found it where Union and University meet. The familiar “scramble” is a central location that students cross on their way to classes many times throughout the day. It is a public space, regimented by the design of traffic lights which prioritize pedestrian crossing on a dependable and predictable circuit. I propose that this location provides an opportunity for the twenty-first century opera designer to use its existing cycle to create a dynamic and unique performance space for opera. While the idea of performing opera outside of the opera house is not new, few have designed opera in a simultaneously public and dynamic space as I am proposing. This fresh approach to opera for the twenty-first century creates an experience for passer-bys and performers that is twofold: the scramble remains a public and utilitarian space meant for getting from one place to another, but it also becomes a performance space in which spectators and performers alike “play their parts”. In short, the resulting experience of sound is hearing the city and the opera simultaneously, transforming the perception of the scramble as a public space into a heightened and transcended experience.

Introduction

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Amico
Keyword(s):  
Popular Music ◽  
Gay Men ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
First Century ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Twenty First Century

This book explores manifestations of same-sex love and attraction in the popular music landscape of contemporary Russia by focusing on performers, songs, spectacles, and audiences that in many ways served as embodied and audible instances of both homosexuality and homoeroticism. Drawing on a combination of theory and ethnography, the book highlights the corporeality of the homosexual self in post-Soviet, Russian space. It argues that Russian homosexuality in the first decade of the twenty-first century must be understood as bound up with embodiment—a term indicating a mode of experience of one's self, located culturally, spatially, temporally, and in relation to others, as a sentient, material, corporeal being. The book also shows that, in addition to sexual liaisons, the act of socializing with other gay men, either in private or public spaces, as well as in the growing area of cyberspace, is important to Russian gay men. This introduction explains the book's methodology and scope of study and provides an overview of the chapters it contains.

Monstrous Belonging

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harmony Bench
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Sense Of Belonging ◽  
War On Terror ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
First Century ◽  
Short Film ◽  
Music Video ◽  
Early Twenty ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
Privileged Site

This chapter begins by reviewing the importance of Michael Jackson’s early forays in music video, paying particular attention to the short film, “Michael Jackson’s Thriller” from 1983. Jackson’s monstrosity and Ola Ray’s victimization in this film are addressed. This chapter then turns to recent adaptations and performances of “Thriller,” arguing that as a choreography, “Thriller” became a privileged site for articulating a collective sense of belonging in the early twenty-first century. In an era that amplified American insecurity and paranoia, performances of “Thriller” circulating through social media show how performers used the choreography to embody monstrosity, domesticate fear, dissipate threat, form an American public outside nationalist discourses, and resignify public spaces rendered threatening by the “War on Terror.”

scholarly journals Climate Change Induced Trends and Uncertainties in Phytoplankton Spring Bloom Dynamics

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lőrinc Mészáros ◽  
Frank van der Meulen ◽  
Geurt Jongbloed ◽  
Ghada El Serafy
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Spring Bloom ◽  
First Century ◽  
Fusion Model ◽  
Feature Extraction Method ◽  
Structural Time Series ◽  
Twenty First Century

Spring phytoplankton blooms in the southern North Sea substantially contribute to annual primary production and largely influence food web dynamics. Studying long-term changes in spring bloom dynamics is therefore crucial for understanding future climate responses and predicting implications on the marine ecosystem. This paper aims to study long term changes in spring bloom dynamics in the Dutch coastal waters, using historical coastal in-situ data and satellite observations as well as projected future solar radiation and air temperature trajectories from regional climate models as driving forces covering the twenty-first century. The main objective is to derive long-term trends and quantify climate induced uncertainties in future coastal phytoplankton phenology. The three main methodological steps to achieve this goal include (1) developing a data fusion model to interlace coastal in-situ measurements and satellite chlorophyll-a observations into a single multi-decadal signal; (2) applying a Bayesian structural time series model to produce long-term projections of chlorophyll-a concentrations over the twenty-first century; and (3) developing a feature extraction method to derive the cardinal dates (beginning, peak, end) of the spring bloom to track the historical and the projected changes in its dynamics. The data fusion model produced an enhanced chlorophyll-a time series with improved accuracy by correcting the satellite observed signal with in-situ observations. The applied structural time series model proved to have sufficient goodness-of-fit to produce long term chlorophyll-a projections, and the feature extraction method was found to be robust in detecting cardinal dates when spring blooms were present. The main research findings indicate that at the study site location the spring bloom characteristics are impacted by the changing climatic conditions. Our results suggest that toward the end of the twenty-first century spring blooms will steadily shift earlier, resulting in longer spring bloom duration. Spring bloom magnitudes are also projected to increase with a 0.4% year−1 trend. Based on the ensemble simulation the largest uncertainty lies in the timing of the spring bloom beginning and -end timing, while the peak timing has less variation. Further studies would be required to link the findings of this paper and ecosystem behavior to better understand possible consequences to the ecosystem.

The Glass Wall of Opera Houses

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parker O'Connor
Keyword(s):  
Public Spaces ◽  
First Century ◽  
Glass Wall ◽  
The Public ◽  
Art Form ◽  
The World ◽  
Opera House ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Opera Houses

  In the twenty-first century, many argue that Opera is a dying art form and no one wants to see an opera. However, since 2000 many opera houses have been built around the world in centres without longstanding traditions of opera. As a result architects are now forced to balance the centuries of traditions of opera with a contemporary audience. Architect and city developers have begun to think of inventive ways to use architecture of opera houses as a lure to attract those who might not typically attend the opera. The act of going to the opera begins with the transportation chosen to get there, followed by interaction with the public spaces outside, through the doors into the public lobby, and finally into the auditorium. The opera house can be a space that people do not only go to see a performance but to feel like a part of a community. This integration is developed through the architecture of the opera house and, in particular, the choice of material of glass in many contemporary opera houses. This relationship of community inside versus outside the opera house is permeable through this glass wall. Understanding the opera house as a creator of community allows for opera to remain an integral part of culture moving further into the twenty-first century.

Dancing Revolution

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Native American ◽  
Social History ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
First Century ◽  
Protest Movements ◽  
Resistance Movements ◽  
French Speaking ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
Participatory Music ◽  
Analytical Approaches

This book is a social history, theorizing participatory dance in New World public spaces as a tool that has enabled subaltern communities’ political resistance to hegemonic control. Drawing upon musicology, ethnomusicology, iconography, anthropology, dance studies, and folklore, and spanning examples from the eighteenth through the twenty-first century, it identifies recurrent strategic patterns in the music, movement, and “noise” that political minorities--including persons of color, economic underclasses, women, gays, and other resistance movements--have employed to oppose, contest, and transgress dominant cultures’ social control. The book applies multidisciplinary analytical practices to movement and sound in historical idioms, little documented by period scholarship, whose data are indirect, inferential, and reconstructive. Case studies include frontier Pentecostalism; Native American resistance; Shakerism; African American communities; the English- and French-speaking Caribbean; film and theatrical dance; the Stonewall Uprising and Chicago 1968 protests; twentieth-century noise ordinances; and punk-rock, hip hop, and twenty-first-century global protest movements. Examples in diverse media, from prose description to watercolor to film, are selected in order to showcase the consistency of these political understandings across diverse situations and to demonstrate the synthesis of analytical approaches, which this topic mandates. The book argues for understanding participatory music and motion--bodies and sound interacting in contested public spaces--as a central, intentional, effective, and recurrent resistance strategy in American social history.

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