The Retrieval and Use of Components from AMPS Production Residue

2011 ◽  
Vol 356-360 ◽  
pp. 2060-2064
Author(s):  
Hai Jing Wang ◽  
Jin Sheng Feng
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Surface Active Agents ◽  
External Standard Method ◽  
Reinforcing Agent ◽  
External Standard ◽  
Surface Active ◽  
Flocculating Agent

2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) is commonly used in the synthesis of polyacrylamide which is widely used as surface-active agents, water treatment chemicals and oil-displacing agents. In the production process of AMPS, there are some byproducts. In this paper, the residue from AMPS production is analyzed. The main byproducts in the residue are ascertained by means of HPLC and ESI-MS, which are butylacrylamide (TBAA) and acrylamide. By external standard method, the residue is analyzed quantitatively. Using the residue as raw materials, a kind of polyacrylamide with low molecular weight is synthesized, which can be used as paper reinforcing agent or emulsifier. After the residue is purified, the high molecular weight polyacrylamide is synthesized, which can be used as flocculating agent or oil-displacing agent.

Biodiesel fuel synthesis by interesterification of triglycerides with carboxylate esters of low molecular weight

2019 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Egle Sendzikiene ◽  
Violeta Makareviciene
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Fatty Acid Esters ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Raw Glycerol ◽  
Biodiesel Synthesis

Abstract The ever-increasing environmental pollution from greenhouse gases motivates the search for methods to reduce it. One such method is the use of biodiesel fuels in the transport sector. Conventional biodiesel production generates up to 10% of a by-product, raw glycerol, whose amount continues to increase as biodiesel production volumes expand, but its demand remains limited. Recently, options have been analysed to replace the triglyceride transesterification process generally used in biodiesel production with an interesterification process that does not generate raw glycerol, instead yielding triacylglycerol that can be directly used as fuel for diesel engines by mixing with fatty acid esters. Additionally, triacylglycerol improves the low-temperature properties of fuel. The present article discusses triglyceride interesterification processes using various carboxylate esters of low molecular weight. Information is provided on raw materials that can be subjected to interesterification for biodiesel synthesis. The possible applications of chemical and enzymatic catalysis for triglyceride interesterification are discussed, and the influence of the catalyst amount, molar ratio of reactants, temperature and process duration on the effectiveness of interesterification is examined. The conditions and effectiveness of noncatalytic interesterification are also discussed in the article. Qualitative indicators of the products obtained and their conformity to the requirements of the European standard for biodiesel fuel are discussed.

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