WITHIN-TREE DISTRIBUTIONS AND SEASONALITY OF IMMATURE STAGES OF THE BRONZE BIRCH BORER, AGRILUS ANXIUS (COLEOPTERA: BUPRESTIDAE)

1984 ◽  
Vol 116 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia R. Loerch ◽  
E. Alan Cameron

AbstractDistributions of immature stages of the bronze birch borer, Agrilus anxius Gory (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), infesting young European white birch, Betula pendula Roth, were studied on a surface mine reforestation site in Pennsylvania. Eggs of A. anxius were common on boles of trees from mid-June through mid-August, in clusters of up to 14 eggs. Almost 70% of the eggs were in crevices in the dark triangular patch at branch origins. Larvae were present throughout the year. Fourth instars comprised 93.1% of the overwintering population.Vertical distributions of eggs, larvae, and pupae along the bole were random relative to available surface area. Consequently, each stage was more abundant on the lower half than on the upper half of trees. Eggs and first instars were concentrated on the northeast, or shaded, side of trees. Second and third instars were distributed randomly around the bole. Fourth instars overwintered and pupated primarily on the southwest aspect.

1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 150-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodney C. Akers ◽  
David G. Nielsen

Spatial emergence patterns of the bronze birch borer, Agrilus anxius Gory, and associated parasite and woodpecker predation in European white birch, Betula pendula Roth, were examined. Beetle and total hole density (beetle + parasite + woodpecker) were significantly lower from stem bolts 6 m above ground, 0.1 to 5.0 cm in circumference, and with 0.1 to 1.5 mm bark thickness than bolts 1 to 3 m above ground, 5.1 to 60.0 cm circumference, and with 1.51 to 3.0 mm bark thickness. Significantly more emergence occurred from the southwestern quadrant of trees than from other quadrants. Beetle emergence and total hole densities were also significantly less from branches than from tree trunks.


1986 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodney C. Akers ◽  
David G. Nielsen

European white birch, Betula pendula Roth, bolts infested with bronze birch borer, Agrilus anxius Gory, were subjected to 4 post-felling treatments to delay or expedite adult emergence. Felling date and bolt end treatment significantly influenced beetle emergence density. Fall-felled, unsealed bolts with 1 end standing in water produced few beetles. Although rearing room temperature, relative humidity, and weeks of cold storage did not affect numbers of beetles produced, these factors could be used to expedite or delay beetle emergence. This study demonstrates that infested birch wood can be manipulated to produce bronze birch borer adults for laboratory studies when beetles are not available otherwise.


2009 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Rezek ◽  
Carsten in der Wiesche ◽  
Martina Mackova ◽  
Frantisek Zadrazil ◽  
Tomas Macek

1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 196-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodney C. Akers ◽  
David G. Nielsen

Reproductive biology of the bronze birch borer, Agrilus anxius Gory, was examined by measuring the influence of host on maturation feeding period, fecundity, incubation period, egg viability, and longevity. Initially, females fed Betula pendula Roth leaves had the highest fecundity and egg hatchability. However, when large numbers of beetles were caged on an individual B. pendula in 1982, females did not oviposit. Fecundity and egg hatch varied on Populus deltoides Bartr. ex March between years but was consistently high, and the percentage of females ovipositing when fed this host was usually highest. Some beetles fed Quercus palustris Muenchh. or Salix elaeagnos Scop, produced eggs; no reproduction occurred on Acer saccharinum L. Host species and environmental variables influenced the beetle's reproductive biology, but some of the observed differences may be explained by reduced foliage quality resulting from inducible plant defense or spacing pheromones produced by beetles at high densities.


1977 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 680-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence H. Pike ◽  
Robert A. Rydell ◽  
William C. Denison

Methods have been developed to yield total tree estimates of biomass for various components of a tree (trunk, axes, twigs, and needles) and its community of epiphytes (microorganisms, lichens, and bryophytes). Trees were sampled with the help of climbing techniques modified from mountain climbing. Two stages of sampling were involved. First, all units of the population were described so that their weights could be predicted. Second, several units were chosen with probability of selection dependent upon predicted weight and sampled in detail. Biomass estimates from the sampled units were expanded to tree totals with information gathered during the first sampling stage. Internal structure of the crown (tree components and epiphytes) is illustrated by maps of trunk and branch systems and by diagrams of horizontal and vertical distributions. This internal structure was also derived from the first sampling stage.These methods have been applied to nine old-growth Douglas fir trees (Pseudotsugamenziesii (Mirb.) Franco). Data from a single 400-year-old tree (1.46 m dbh, 77 m in height) in the H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest in the western Cascade Mountains of Oregon are presented. Biomass and surface area estimates are as follows: trunk, 26 870 kg, 223 m2; axes (>4 cm), 1530 kg, 81 m2; living twigs (<4 cm), 480 kg, 373 m2; dead twigs, 78 kg, 104 m2; needles, 198 kg, 2860 m2; lichens, 13.1 kg; and bryophytes, 4.7 kg. Total cell volume of microepiphytes on twigs was estimated to have been 300 cm3 and total cover by microepiphytes on needles was estimated to have been 191 m2.


2011 ◽  
Vol 46 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 459-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Rencoret ◽  
José C. del Río ◽  
Ana Gutiérrez ◽  
Ángel T. Martínez ◽  
Shiming Li ◽  
...  

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