Immunophenotypical Switch versus Tumor Heterogeneity in a Patient with HIV-Associated Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma

Patients with HIV/AIDS have a higher risk of developing aggressive B-cell lymphomas, such as diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Lymphomas are rather heterogeneous in nature and in a few cases can switch their genetic or immunohistochemical phenotype, transform into other lymphomas or carry more than one malignant clone. In this report, we present the case of a 47-year-old man with HIV infection who was diagnosed with an apparent low-risk, early-stage DLBCL, but became refractory to therapy while undergoing treatment with rituximab-containing chemotherapy. We postulate that the development of his refractory disease occurred in the context of an immunohistochemical switch or the surge of a clone refractory to therapy. This phenomenon was not associated with a superinfection with EBV or HHV-8.

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Incidence of relapsed/refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) including CNS relapse in a population-based cohort of 4243 patients in Sweden

Blood Cancer Journal ◽

10.1038/s41408-020-00403-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Sara Harrysson ◽

Sandra Eloranta ◽

Sara Ekberg ◽

Gunilla Enblad ◽

Mats Jerkeman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

B Cell ◽

Cumulative Incidence ◽

Cell Lymphoma ◽

B Cell Lymphoma ◽

Population Based ◽

Refractory Disease ◽

Curative Intent ◽

Large B Cell Lymphoma ◽

Cns Relapse ◽

Large B Cell

AbstractWe performed a national population-based study of all patients diagnosed with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) in Sweden in 2007–2014 to assess treatment intent and risk of relapsed/refractory disease, including central nervous system (CNS) relapse, in the presence of competing risks. Overall, 84% of patients started treatment with curative intent (anthracycline-based) (n = 3550, median age 69 years), whereas 14% did not (n = 594, median age 84 years) (for 2% the intent was uncertain). Patients treated with curative intent had a 5-year OS of 65.3% (95% CI: 63.7–66.9). The median OS among non-curatively treated patients was 2.9 months. The 5-year cumulative incidence of relapsed/refractory disease in curative patients was 23.1% (95% CI: 21.7–24.6, n = 847). The 2-year cumulative incidence of CNS relapse was 3.0% (95% CI: 2.5–3.6, n = 118) overall, and 8.0% (95% CI: 6.0–10.6, n = 48) among patients with high CNS-IPI (4–6), when considering other relapse locations and death as competing events. The incidence of relapsed/refractory DLBCL overall and in the CNS was lower than in previous reports, still one in seven patients was not considered fit enough to start standard immunochemotherapy at diagnosis. These results are important for quantification of groups of DLBCL patients with poor prognosis requiring completely different types of interventions.

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HHV8+ diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in a patient with HIV infection

Medicina Clínica (English Edition) ◽

10.1016/j.medcle.2021.08.009 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 157 (6) ◽

pp. 306-307

Author(s):

Alba Hernández-Gallego ◽

José-Tomás Navarro ◽

Gustavo Tapia

Keyword(s):

Hiv Infection ◽

B Cell ◽

Cell Lymphoma ◽

B Cell Lymphoma ◽

Large B Cell Lymphoma ◽

Large B Cell

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Identification of Very Low‐Risk Subgroups of Patients with Primary Mediastinal Large B‐Cell Lymphoma Treated with R‐CHOP

The Oncologist ◽

10.1002/onco.13789 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Theodoros P. Vassilakopoulos ◽

Michail Michail ◽

Sotirios Papageorgiou ◽

Georgia Kourti ◽

Maria K. Angelopoulou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

B Cell ◽

Cell Lymphoma ◽

B Cell Lymphoma ◽

Low Risk ◽

Large B Cell Lymphoma ◽

Large B Cell

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Primary Prostatic Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma: a Case Report and Literature Review

Journal of Cancer & Allied Specialties ◽

10.37029/jcas.v8i1.439 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Samia Yasmeen ◽

Waqas Ahmad ◽

Omer Waqas ◽

Abdul Hameed

Keyword(s):

B Cell ◽

Cell Lymphoma ◽

Early Stage ◽

Digital Rectal Examination ◽

B Cell Lymphoma ◽

Perineal Pain ◽

Primary Lymphoma ◽

Abnormal Finding ◽

Large B Cell Lymphoma ◽

Large B Cell

Introduction: Primary lymphomas of the prostate are globally rare representing less than 0.1% of all prostatic neoplasms. In this paper we present a case of an early stage diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) of the prostate managed with six cycles of rituximab-based chemotherapy, and review the related literature. Case description: A 32-year-old man presented to our clinic with complaints of difficult urination and perineal pain. An enlarged, hard and nodular prostate was palpable on digital rectal examination. Needle biopsy of the prostate was performed, which revealed diffuse large B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma by immunohistochemical studies. CT scan showed large pelvic mass arising from prostate encasing ureters with bilateral hydronephroureter. No abnormal finding was seen on abdominal CT and bone marrow histology. Therefore, the disease was classified into the clinical stage IAXE according to Ann Arbor's criteria. The patient achieved complete response (CR) to six cycles of rituximab based combination chemotherapy, R-CHOP with CNS prophylaxis. He remained disease free, until now, 36 months after the end of chemotherapy. Practical Implications: According to the literature, the treatment and prognosis of primary lymphoma of the prostate is the same as that of other nodal lymphomas. Rituximab-based regimen should be considered in the management of prostatic diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

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