scholarly journals Retraction notice to: ‘Monitoring droughts in Eswatini: A spatiotemporal variability analysis using the Standard Precipitation Index’, Jàmbá: Journal of Disaster Risk Studies 11(1), a725

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel H. Mlenga ◽  
Andries J. Jordaan ◽  
Brian Mandebvu
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Precipitation Index ◽  
Spatiotemporal Variability ◽  
Standard Precipitation Index ◽  
Variability Analysis ◽  
Retraction Notice

scholarly journals Monitoring droughts in Eswatini: A spatiotemporal variability analysis using the Standard Precipitation Index

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel H. Mlenga ◽  
Andries J. Jordaan
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Early Warning ◽  
Meteorological Drought ◽  
Precipitation Index ◽  
Spatiotemporal Variability ◽  
Drought Monitoring ◽  
Drought Indices ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Standard Precipitation Index ◽  
Ecological Zones

The spatiotemporal analysis of drought is of great importance to Eswatini as the country has been facing recurring droughts with negative impacts on agriculture, the environment and the economy. In 2016, the country experienced the most severe drought in over 35 years, resulting in food shortages, drying up of rivers as well as livestock deaths. The frequent occurrence of extreme drought events makes the use of drought indices essential for drought monitoring, early warning and planning. The aim of this study was to assess the applicability of the Standard Precipitation Index (SPI) for near real-time and retrospective drought monitoring in Eswatini. The 3-, 6- and 12-month SPI were computed to analyse the severity and onset of meteorological drought between 1986 and 2017. The results indicated that the climate of Eswatini exhibits geospatial and temporal variability. Droughts intensified in terms of frequency, severity and geospatial coverage, with the worst drought years being 1985–1986, 2005–2006 and 2015–2016 agricultural seasons. Moderate droughts were the most prevalent, while the frequency of severe and very severe droughts was low. Most parts of the country were vulnerable to mild and moderate agricultural droughts. Spatial analysis showed that the most severe and extreme droughts were mostly experienced in the Lowveld and Middleveld agro-ecological zones. The 3-, 6- and 12-month SPI computations conducted in January detected the onset of early season drought, thereby affirming the applicability of the index for monitoring near real-time and retrospective droughts in Eswatini. Drought monitoring using the SPI provides information for early warning, particularly in drought-prone areas, by depicting a drought before the effects are felt.

scholarly journals A new early warning drought index for Ethiopia

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 624-630
Author(s):  
Yonas Tadesse ◽  
Aklilu Amsalu ◽  
Paolo Billi ◽  
Massimiliano Fazzini
Keyword(s):  
Early Warning ◽  
Drought Index ◽  
Aridity Index ◽  
Precipitation Index ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Standard Precipitation Index ◽  
Eastern Ethiopia ◽  
Rain Gauges ◽  
Dire Dawa ◽  
Seeding Time

Abstract This study investigates the occurrence of droughts in the Dire Dawa area of eastern Ethiopia. A new index based on the rainfall delay (Rd) with respect to the expected onset (and traditional) seeding time and other indices, i.e., the aridity index and the Z-score, alternatives to the Standard Precipitation Index (SPI), are used to test the validity of the new Rd index in identifying severe droughts extending back to 1955. Although only data of rain gauges located in the district of Dire Dawa were used, they proved, albeit with different accuracies, able to identify nation-wide droughts.

scholarly journals Analysis of Short-Term Droughts in the Mewar Region of Rajasthan by Standard Precipitation Index

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 182-192
Author(s):  
K.A. Basamma ◽  
R.C. Purohit ◽  
S.R. Bhakar ◽  
Mahesh Kothari ◽  
R.R. Joshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Precipitation Index ◽  
Standard Precipitation Index ◽  
Short Term

scholarly journals Analysing The Feature of Meteorological Drought in North East Ethiopia: The Case of Meket and Wadla Districts in North Wello Zone, Amhara Region

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mesfin Anteneh
Keyword(s):  
Time Scale ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Meteorological Drought ◽  
Precipitation Index ◽  
Trend Test ◽  
Drought Event ◽  
Standard Precipitation Index ◽  
North East ◽  
Short Rainy Season ◽  
History Of

Abstract The study was undertaken to investigate the magnitude, frequency and trends of drought incidence in North Wello Zone, northeast Ethiopia using monthly rainfall record for the period 1987 to 2017 of Meket and Wadla station. Standard precipitation index and Mann–Kendal test were used to analyse drought event and trends of drought occurrences, respectively. Drought Index Calculator used to analyse standard precipitation index. The coefficient variation of the study area for Meket was (21.2%), while for Wadla it was (53%) which showed high inter-annual variability. It was established that both studied stations experienced drought episodes in 1987, 1988, 1991, 1992, 1994, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2006, 2014 and 2015, drought years in the history of Ethiopia. The year 2006 was the most severe and distinct-wide extreme drought episode in both studied stations which standard precipitation index values -2.14 at Wadla and -2.01 at Meket station. The frequency of drought number of years which experienced negative standardize precipitation index values in the total time series of 30 years observed for all time scale at both station is 50 percent and above. The drought magnitude of different time scale varied from slight to extreme severe in the studied stations. The Mann–Kendal trend test shows except two-month timescale at Wadla station, all timescales were not statistically significant (P<0.05). Generally increasing tendencies of drought were observed during main rainy season and decreasing tendencies of drought during short rainy season and annual scale observed in the study area.

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