Sentence Frame Formats

2012 ◽  
pp. 56-64
Keyword(s):  
Sentence Frame

Sentence-frame Data: Appendices to Chapter 5 of Class and Hierarchy

1979 ◽  
pp. 262-282
Author(s):  
Anthony P. M. Coxon ◽  
Charles L. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Sentence Frame

Early verb learning in 20-month-old Japanese-speaking children

2010 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 455-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
YURIKO OSHIMA-TAKANE ◽  
JUNKO ARIYAMA ◽  
TESSEI KOBAYASHI ◽  
MARINA KATERELOS ◽  
DIANE POULIN-DUBOIS
Keyword(s):  
Strong Evidence ◽  
Cognitive Resources ◽  
Verb Learning ◽  
Sentence Frame ◽  
Intransitive Verb ◽  
Perceptual Salience ◽  
Old Japanese ◽  
Switch Design ◽  
Mapping Task

ABSTRACTThe present study investigated whether children's representations of morphosyntactic information are abstract enough to guide early verb learning. Using an infant-controlled habituation paradigm with a switch design, Japanese-speaking children aged 1 ; 8 were habituated to two different events in which an object was engaging in an action. Each event was paired with a novel word embedded in a single intransitive verb sentence frame. The results indicated that only 40% of the children were able to map a novel verb onto the action when the mapping task was complex. However, by simplifying the mapping task, 88% of the children succeeded in verb–action mapping. There were no differences in perceptual salience between the agent and action switches in the task. These results provide strong evidence that Japanese-speaking children aged 1 ; 8 are able to use an intransitive verb sentence frame to guide early verb learning unless the mapping task consumes too much of their cognitive resources.

Conversation in Aphasia Across Communication Partners: Exploring Stability of Microlinguistic Measures and Communicative Success

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1S) ◽  
pp. 359-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marion C. Leaman ◽  
Lisa A. Edmonds
Keyword(s):  
Lexical Retrieval ◽  
Sentence Frame ◽  
Speech Language Pathologist ◽  
Future Assessment ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Communication Partner ◽  
Assessment And Treatment ◽  
Data Points ◽  
Communicative Success ◽  
Level Analysis

PurposeThe aim of this study was to determine if people with aphasia demonstrate differences in microlinguistic skills and communicative success in unstructured, nontherapeutic conversations with a home communication partner (Home-P) as compared to a speech-language pathologist communication partner (SLP-P).MethodEight persons with aphasia participated in 2 unstructured, nontherapeutic 15-minute conversations, 1 each with an unfamiliar SLP-P and a Home-P. Utterance-level analysis evaluated communicative success. Two narrow measures of lexical relevance and sentence frame were used to evaluate independent clauses. Two broad lexical and morphosyntactic measures were used to evaluate elliptical and dependent clauses and to evaluate independent clauses for errors beyond lexical relevance and sentence frame (such as phonological and morphosyntactic errors). Utterances were further evaluated for presence of behaviors indicating lexical retrieval difficulty (pauses, repetitions, and false starts) and for referential cohesion.ResultsNo statistical differences occurred for communicative success or for any of the microlinguistic measures between the SLP-P and Home-P conversation conditions. Four measures (2 of lexical retrieval and 1 each of communicative success and grammaticality) showed high correlations across the 2 conversation samples. Individuals showed variation of no more than 10 percentage points between the 2 conversation conditions for 46 of 56 data points. Variation greater than 10 percentage points tended to occur for the measure of referential cohesion and primarily for 1 participant.ConclusionsPreliminary findings suggest that these microlinguistic measures and communicative success have potential for reliable comparison across Home-P and SLP-P conversations, with the possible exception of referential cohesion. However, further research is needed with a larger, more diverse sample. These findings suggest future assessment and treatment implications for clinical and research needs.Supplemental Materialhttps://doi.org/10.23641/asha.7616312

Syntax of Preschool Fluent and Disfluent Speech: A Transformational Analysis

1971 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 428-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Muma
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Syntactic Analysis ◽  
Sentence Frame ◽  
Educational History ◽  
Double Base

Speech samples were obtained from 13 highly fluent and 13 highly disfluent four-year-old children who were comparable as to sex, intelligence, socioeconomic status, race, and educational history. The syntactic analysis dealt with kernel and matrix sentence frame types and transformational usage. The fluent group used significantly more double-base transformations than the disfluent group, but the two groups were comparable on the distribution of usage for sentence frame types. This evidence indicates that a non-loci explanation of disfluency should be cast in terms of the nature of transformational operations in grammatical performance.

The Bizarreness Effect and Individual Differences in Imaging Ability

2002 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 533-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Toyota
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Target Word ◽  
Mental Imagery ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Sentence Frame ◽  
Bizarreness Effect ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Target Words

The bizarreness effect refers to the superior performance in recall of bizarre sentences as compared to common sentences. The subjects studied each target word and in Exp. 1 rated its congruity with its sentence frame. In Exp. 2 they rated the vividness of the image for each sentence frame in which it was included. Four types of sentence frames were provided: bizarre image sentences, bizarre nonimage sentences, common image sentences, and common nonimage sentences. Good imagers and poor imagers were assessed on the Questionnaire Upon Mental Imagery. Both experiments showed that good imagers recalled target words in bizarre image sentences better than target words in common image sentences A difference between the two sentence types was not observed for poor imagers. The differences between bizarre nonimage sentences and common nonimage sentences were not found for both type of imagers. The results were interpreted as showing that a difference in imaging ability was critical for the occurrence of a bizarreness effect.

Pre-empting reference problems in conversation

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Svennevig
Keyword(s):  
Sentence Frame

AbstractThe topic of this article is how conversationalists deal with emergent problems of reference in the construction of a turn at talk. It analyzes practices for modifying and expanding a turn-constructional unit in progress to accommodate information that will introduce a referent to the interlocutor or check his or her familiarity with it. One set of practices expands the turn after the referring expression has been produced: apokoinou constructions and appositions. A second, and previously undescribed, practice is identified by which speakers insert referent identification before the referring expression has been produced. In this practice, speakers initiate two separate sentence structures and complete them both by merging them in a common complement. This practice has the advantage of embedding the subordinate activity of establishing reference within the main sentence frame, and furthermore minimizes the disruption of sequential progressivity of the talk. (Turn construction, reference, expansions, apokoinou, apposition, progressivity)*

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