ROLE OF CHROMOSOME 5B IN CONTROLLING BLACK POINT INCIDENCE IN HARD RED SPRING WHEAT

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 675-679 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. CONNER ◽  
E. D. P. WHELAN
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Cochliobolus Sativus ◽  
Recessive Trait ◽  
Substitution Lines ◽  
Black Point ◽  
Hard Red Spring Wheat ◽  
Chromosome 5B ◽  
Or Genes ◽  
Spring Wheat Cultivar

Tests of several wheat (Triticum aestivum) cultivars against Cochliobolus sativus, a causal agent of black point, showed that black point incidence was lowest in Cadet, intermediate to high in Apex, and highest in S-615 and Rescue. Inoculation of disomic substitution lines for chromosome 5B demonstrated that black point incidence in Cadet is controlled by a gene or genes located on chromosome 5B. The F1 progeny from crosses between Cadet and Rescue had a black point incidence similar to that of Rescue, indicating that resistance is a recessive trait. Resistance to black point and common root rot was not related since the moderately root rot resistant cultivar Apex did not consistently have a lower incidence of black point than the root-rot-susceptible cultivars Rescue and S-615. A test of these cultivars against black point caused by Alternaria alternata found that all cultivars were as susceptible as the soft white spring wheat cultivar Fielder.Key words: Wheat, Cochliobolus sativus, black point, chromosome 5B

RESISTANCE IN WHEAT TO BLACK POINT CAUSED BY Alternaria alternata AND Cochliobolus sativus

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 351-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. CONNER ◽  
J. G. N. DAVIDSON
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Alternaria Alternata ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Cochliobolus Sativus ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Canadian Prairies ◽  
Black Point ◽  
Hard Red Spring Wheat ◽  
Low Incidence

A 2-yr field study conducted at six locations on the Canadian prairies identified seven wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell.) cultivars that consistently had low incidence of black point. These resistant wheats included the hard red spring wheat cultivars Sinton, Park, Thatcher, Benito and Era, the utility wheat Glenlea, and the soft white spring wheat line SWS15 (ICARDA 15). In separate tests, the inoculation of resistant wheat cultivars with Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissler or Cochliobolus sativus (Ito and Kurib.) Drechs. ex Dastur under controlled environmental conditions revealed significant differences in black point incidence. All cultivars were more resistant to A. alternata than the susceptible cultivar Fielder. Glenlea and Era were more resistant to A. alternata than all the other cultivars. Only the cultivars Thatcher, Benito, and Sinton were more resistant to C. sativus than Fielder. A test comparing black point incidence caused by the two fungi found that certain cultivars differed significantly in disease incidence caused by A. alternata and C. sativus. Cochliobolus sativus produced less disease in Fielder and Sinton than A. alternata, but the reverse was true for Glenlea. These results indicate that resistance to A. alternata and C. sativus is under different genetic control in certain cultivars.Key words: Wheat (spring), black point, Alternaria alternata, Cochliobolus sativus

NATURE OF PROTEINS IN TRITICALE AND ITS PARENTAL SPECIES: I. SOLUBILITY CHARACTERISTICS AND AMINO ACID COMPOSITION OF ENDOSPERM PROTEINS

1970 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. H. CHEN ◽  
W. BUSHUK
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Amino Acid Composition ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
The Other ◽  
Hard Red Spring Wheat ◽  
Endosperm Proteins ◽  
Spring Wheat Cultivar

Solubility characteristics and amino acid composition of the endosperm proteins of one line of Triticale, its durum wheat and rye parent cultivars, and one cultivar of hard red spring wheat were compared. Quantitative distribution of the soluble protein fractions and amino acid compositions showed that the proteins of Triticale are intermediate in these properties between analogous properties of the proteins of its durum wheat and rye parents. The major differences between the hard red spring wheat and the other three species were its lower content of water-soluble proteins and higher content of insoluble or gluten proteins. This appears lo be the main reason for the superior breadmaking quality of the hard red spring wheat cultivar compared with the other species used in this study.

Reactions of hard red spring wheat to common root rot under field conditions of Northern United States of America

Euphytica ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 167 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis J. Tobias ◽  
Robert W. Stack ◽  
Krishna D. Puri ◽  
Neil Riveland ◽  
Shaobin Zhong
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Common Root ◽  
Hard Red Spring Wheat ◽  
Common Root Rot ◽  
Northern United States

Fusarium Head Blight in Hard Red Spring Wheat: Cultivar Responses to Natural Epidemics

1996 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
John V. Wiersma ◽  
Eugene L. Peters ◽  
Mark A. Hanson ◽  
Robert J. Bouvette ◽  
Robert H. Busch
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Head Blight ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Wheat Cultivar ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Hard Red Spring Wheat ◽  
Cultivar Responses ◽  
Spring Wheat Cultivar

Dinitrogen fixation associated with disomic chromosome substitution lines of spring wheat

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (24) ◽  
pp. 2771-2775 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Rennie ◽  
R. I. Larson
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Dinitrogen Fixation ◽  
Chromosome Substitution ◽  
Substitution Lines ◽  
Total N ◽  
Associated Bacteria ◽  
Plant Nitrogen ◽  
Chromosome Substitution Lines

The modification of the genotype of the Cadet and Rescue cultivars of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L. emend. Thell) by disomic chromosome substitution altered the amount of plant nitrogen derived from dinitrogen fixation by the associated bacterium in a phytotron experiment. With the exception of the C-R5B line, inoculation of the parent Cadet or its substitution lines with either the bacillus C-11-25 or Azospirillum brasilense increased plant dry matter and the total N yield. Rescue lines were unaffected by inoculation unless genotypically altered by substitution of the 5B or 5D chromosome from Cadet. Different substitution lines reacted uniquely to inoculation with the specific bacteria: C-R2A and R-C2D promoted greater dinitrogen fixation by A. brasilense; C-R5D, R-C5B, and R-C5D promoted greater dinitrogen fixation by the C-11-25 bacillus. Both bacteria had high and identical levels of dinitrogen fixation in association with the C-R2D line; neither bacterium fixed N when grown in association with the C-R5B, Rescue, or R-C2A lines. Although the ability of spring wheat to induce dinitrogen fixation in associated bacteria is influenced by chromosomes 5B (which controls root rot reaction) and 5D, it does not appear to be directly related to reaction to common root rot.

Cochliobolus sativus. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sivanesan
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Spot Blotch ◽  
Young Leaf ◽  
Cochliobolus Sativus ◽  
Foot Rot ◽  
Variable Size ◽  
Black Point ◽  
Dark Green

Abstract A description is provided for Cochliobolus sativus. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On grasses including cereals (barley, oats, rye, wheat) and other plants. DISEASE: Spot blotch or foot and root rot of temperate cereals. On barley dark brown, lenticular spots of variable size form on the young leaf sheaths; post emergence death may occur. Surviving infected plants can be dwarfed, dark green, erect and tiller excessively. Conidia spread infection; blackish spotting occurs on the nodes, glumes and grain (black point). In foot rot, especially on wheat, the stem bases have rust brown streaks and blotches. Roots show brown spotting or a more general necrosis; their development is reduced and they may break off at the crown. Tillers are killed, survivors become stunted; the spike only partly emerges and grain is shrivelled. In the field foot rot results in patches of stunted plants. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Widespread (CMI Map 322, ed 3, 1974). TRANSMISSION: The fungus occurs on seed (49, 2834; 50, 637; 53, 2978, 3454; 56, 2458; 57, 500, 1142, 4422; 58, 220; 59, 5098). It is also soil-borne (see below) and spreads from volunteer plants and other hosts, and by air dispersed conidia(58, 1213).

Changes in the rhizosphere microflora of spring wheat induced by disomic substitution of a chromosome

1970 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 153-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Neal Jr. ◽  
T. G. Atkinson ◽  
Ruby I. Larson
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Susceptible Variety ◽  
Substitution Line ◽  
Microbial Populations ◽  
Common Root ◽  
Rhizosphere Microflora ◽  
Common Root Rot ◽  
Chromosome 5B

Substitution of a chromosome pair (5B) from Apex (A), a variety of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum) relatively resistant to common root rot (primarily Cochliobolus sativus), for the corresponding chromosome of S-615 (S), a highly susceptible variety, changed the rhizosphere microflora qualitatively and quantitatively. Microbial analyses of the parental varieties, the substitution line (S-A5B), and non-rhizosphere soil included estimates of total microbial populations and physiological and nutritional groupings. In all characteristics a typical rhizosphere effect was evident, and significant differences were found between the different rhizospheres. In most characteristics the rhizosphere microflora of the substitution line was significantly different from either parent. The incidence of rhizosphere bacteria antagonistic to C. sativus was the most notable exception. Twenty percent of the rhizosphere isolates from both Apex and the resistant substitution line S-A5B were antagonistic to C. sativus. None of the isolates from the susceptible variety was antagonistic. The differences between the rhizospheres of the substitution line (S-A5B) and the recipient variety (S-615) are attributable to changes induced by disomic substitution of chromosome 5B.

Burnside extra strong hard red spring wheat

2010 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
D G Humphreys ◽  
T F Townley-Smith ◽  
O Lukow ◽  
B McCallum ◽  
D Gaudet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Grain Protein Content ◽  
Hard Red Spring Wheat ◽  
Cultivar Description ◽  
Quality Specifications ◽  
End Use ◽  
Spring Wheat Cultivar ◽  
Moderately Resistant

Burnside is a hard, red, spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) that meets the end-use quality specifications of the Canada Western Extra Strong wheat class. Burnside was evaluated in the Canada Western Extra Strong Wheat Cooperative Test in 2000, 2001, and 2002. In comparison with CWES cultivars Glenlea, Bluesky, AC Corinne, and CDC Walrus, Burnside had higher grain yields than Bluesky and AC Corinne, was similar to Glenlea and lower yielding than CDC Walrus. Burnside had maturity similar to Bluesky and was earlier maturing than Glenlea, AC Corinne, and CDC Walrus. Burnside is resistant to moderately resistant to prevalent races of leaf and stem rust and resistant to loose smut. End-use quality tests showed that Burnside had significantly higher grain protein content than the check cultivars.Key words: Triticum aestivum L., Canada Western Extra Strong, hard red extra strong spring wheat, cultivar description, yield, disease resistance

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