scholarly journals The Use of Antiepileptic Drugs in Acute Neuropsychiatric Conditions: Focus on Traumatic Brain Injury, Pain, and Alcohol Withdrawal

2014 ◽  
Vol 05 (12) ◽  
pp. 724-736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shamim H. Nejad ◽  
Kathy Chuang ◽  
Ronald Hirschberg ◽  
Patrick R. Aquino ◽  
Gregory L. Fricchione
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Antiepileptic Drugs ◽  
Alcohol Withdrawal ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Conditions

Early recovery following traumatic brain injury and alcohol withdrawal management.

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 588-594
Author(s):  
Daniel W. Klyce ◽  
Kristin M. Graham ◽  
Russell W. Lacey ◽  
William E. Carter
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Alcohol Withdrawal ◽  
Early Recovery ◽  
Withdrawal Management

Seizures in the Setting of Trauma

Neurotrauma ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 137-142
Author(s):  
Sara Hefton
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Status Epilepticus ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Antiepileptic Drugs ◽  
Posttraumatic Epilepsy ◽  
Salient Points ◽  
Posttraumatic Seizures

This chapter on seizures in the setting of trauma reviews the risk factors for seizures after traumatic brain injury (TBI), their medical prophylaxis, and their management using a case study to illustrate salient points. Differentiation of early and late posttraumatic seizures is discussed. Pathogenesis, incidence, and risk factors for early and late posttraumatic seizures are reviewed, as is posttraumatic epilepsy. Appropriate prophylactic antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are discussed, as well as the management of seizures and status epilepticus in the setting of TBI. Prognosis and anticipated outcomes are considered.

A Systematic Review of the Prevalence and Incidence of Neuropsychiatric Conditions in Populations With Traumatic Brain Injury

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S454-S455
Author(s):  
N. Zaman ◽  
D.R. Faruqui
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Personality Change ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Organic Personality Disorder ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Conditions

IntroductionThe relationship between traumatic brain injury and neuropsychiatric conditions has a strong clinical link. Despite significant clinical presentations, there has been a limited focus on quantifying the association between traumatic brain injury and psychiatric disorders.ObjectivesTo conduct a systematic review to determine the prevalence and incidence of neuropsychiatric conditions in patients with traumatic brain injury.AimsTo determine the association between traumatic brain injury and psychiatric illness.MethodsA systematic search was made of Medline, PsycINFO, EMBASE and article bibliographies. Search terms for rates of psychosis, mood disorders, anxiety conditions, organic personality disorder, neuropsychiatric disorders, neuro-behavioural disorders, aggression, dementia and frontal lobe disorder were utilised. We followed MOOSE criteria and did not apply temporal limits.ResultsThere were 845 relevant searches in total. After exclusion of duplicates, case reports, case series reports, letters, reviews, commentaries, systematic reviews, and editorials there were 143 relevant abstracts identified. This was further reduced to a review of 48 full text papers. We identified prevalence rates of depression between 6.9–62.5%, mania of 9–12.5%, PTSD 1.9–50%, aggression 28.4–57%, anxiety disorders 6–63% (including GAD 8–9%, agoraphobia 2–6%, panic disorder 9%, social phobia 1%) insomnia 11–29%, personality change of 33.3%, dementia 8.16% and substance use 3–8%.ConclusionsWe have identified significant rates of neuropsychiatric morbidity in patients with traumatic brain injury. We have particularly identified limited research studies into psychosis, mania, dementia and personality disorders in this patient group. The review further emphasises the importance of identifying neuropsychiatric comorbidities in post-traumatic brain injury and the importance of addressing these comorbidities.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Apathy in neuropsychiatric conditions

2020 ◽  
pp. 447-452
Author(s):  
Jaime Pahissa ◽  
Sergio Starkstein
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Diagnostic Process ◽  
Clinical Correlates ◽  
Acute Conditions ◽  
Frequent Finding ◽  
Neurological Conditions ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Conditions ◽  
General Reduction

Apathy is a frequent finding in both acute and chronic neurological conditions, and it is defined as a general reduction in motivation, as manifested by reduced goal-directed behaviours, cognitions, and emotions. This chapter reviews the frequency, diagnostic process, clinical correlates, and treatment of apathy in Alzheimer’s disease and traumatic brain injury, as examples of relevant chronic neurodegenerative and acute conditions, respectively.

scholarly journals To determine the effectiveness of antiepileptic drugs in treatment of acute traumatic brain injury for preventing seizure.

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (12) ◽  
pp. 1737-1741
Author(s):  
Shua Nasir ◽  
Lal Shehbaz ◽  
Muhammad Saad Usmani ◽  
Alvia Saad ◽  
Naveed Khan
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Antiepileptic Drugs ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Neurological Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Rate ◽  
Alternative Treatment Option ◽  
Acute Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Post Traumatic

Objectives: To determine the effectiveness of antiepileptic drugs in treatment of acute traumatic brain injury for preventing seizure. Study Design: Cross Sectional Study. Setting: Ziauddin Hospital, North Campus, Karachi. Period: 2014 to 2016. Material & Methods: Eighty diagnosed cases of traumatic brain injury were included in this study. Patients were examined physically and neurological assessment, with mental status was assessed by Glasgow Coma scoring. A blood sample was taken and Computed tomography was performed. Antiepileptic therapy was given for a period of one week minimally or 10 days maximally and patients were assessed clinically for seizures. All information was collected in the predesign proforma. Results: The patients median age was 25[16-43]. There were 70% male and 30% female. Rate of seizure was 6.3% (5/80) cases mortality was observed 5% (4/80) cases. Rate of seizure was significantly high in patients who had moderate TBI as compare to mild TBI (p=0.016). It was also significantly high in those cases who had diabetes and IHD. Rate of mortality was significantly high in seizure cases (p=0.0005). Conclusion: Prophylactic antiepileptic drugs are effective in decreasing the risk of early post-traumatic seizures in acute traumatic brain injury.These drug may provide an important and alternative treatment option for seizure prevention in acute TBI patients and prevent further brain damage.

Antiepileptic Drugs for Preventing Seizures Following Acute Traumatic Brain Injury

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Amy Price
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Antiepileptic Drugs ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Pooled Data ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Acute Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Long Term Survivors ◽  
Overall Mortality

The work was done to explore the effectiveness of prophylactic antiepileptic drugs for acute traumatic brain injury and assess risk: benefit ratios. The author asked if this intervention helped sort-term survivors avoid seizures after injury and assessed the influence of such medication on death and disability which result in seizures in long term survivors of TBI. Finally, the work assessed the benefits given potential adverse reactions to these drugs. The author found that using anti-epileptic drugs in the early stages after traumatic brain injury does decrease seizures. This review found that anti-epileptic drugs were effective for decreasing seizures in the first week after a TBI. Available pooled data failed to demonstrate reductions in overall mortality, late onset seizures, or the development of persistent vegetative states. However, the conclusions are limited by the scarcity of clear data collected to investigate cognitive/behavioural, neurological, or hematopoietic adverse effects thought to result from the anti seizure medications.

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