scholarly journals To determine the effectiveness of antiepileptic drugs in treatment of acute traumatic brain injury for preventing seizure.

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (12) ◽  
pp. 1737-1741
Author(s):  
Shua Nasir ◽  
Lal Shehbaz ◽  
Muhammad Saad Usmani ◽  
Alvia Saad ◽  
Naveed Khan
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Antiepileptic Drugs ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Neurological Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Rate ◽  
Alternative Treatment Option ◽  
Acute Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Post Traumatic

Objectives: To determine the effectiveness of antiepileptic drugs in treatment of acute traumatic brain injury for preventing seizure. Study Design: Cross Sectional Study. Setting: Ziauddin Hospital, North Campus, Karachi. Period: 2014 to 2016. Material & Methods: Eighty diagnosed cases of traumatic brain injury were included in this study. Patients were examined physically and neurological assessment, with mental status was assessed by Glasgow Coma scoring. A blood sample was taken and Computed tomography was performed. Antiepileptic therapy was given for a period of one week minimally or 10 days maximally and patients were assessed clinically for seizures. All information was collected in the predesign proforma. Results: The patients median age was 25[16-43]. There were 70% male and 30% female. Rate of seizure was 6.3% (5/80) cases mortality was observed 5% (4/80) cases. Rate of seizure was significantly high in patients who had moderate TBI as compare to mild TBI (p=0.016). It was also significantly high in those cases who had diabetes and IHD. Rate of mortality was significantly high in seizure cases (p=0.0005). Conclusion: Prophylactic antiepileptic drugs are effective in decreasing the risk of early post-traumatic seizures in acute traumatic brain injury.These drug may provide an important and alternative treatment option for seizure prevention in acute TBI patients and prevent further brain damage.

CHRONIC DIZZINESS POST TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

2016 ◽  
Vol 87 (12) ◽  
pp. e1.82-e1
Author(s):  
Hena Ahmad ◽  
Qadeer Arshad ◽  
Richard Roberts ◽  
Mitesh Patel ◽  
Timothy Ham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chronic Dizziness ◽  
Post Traumatic

scholarly journals Factors Related To Outcome of Traumatic Brain Injury Patients at M Djamil Padang Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 811-817
Author(s):  
Nora Fitri ◽  
Syarif Indra ◽  
Hendra Permana
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Major Threat

Background: Traumatic brain injury is still a major threat because it can cause global morbidity and mortality. Many factors can affect the outcome of a traumatic brain injury. Some conditions that can exacerbate traumatic brain injury include GCS conditions, blood pressure variability, and pupillary reflexes.Methods: The research was conducted in M. Djamil Padang Hospital from October 2020 to March 2021. The study design was a cross-sectional study in traumatic brain injury patients with ≤ 48 hours of onset and the aged between 18-60 years. The subjects in this study consisted of 66 subjects. At 6 weeks after onset, a GOS assessment was performed to assess patient outcomes. Statistical analysis was performed computerized with SPSS 22.0. P-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Most of the patients were male (71.2%) with an average age of 36.41 ± 14,275 years, and the most common injury mechanism was traffic accidents (95.5%). There was a significant relationship between onset of incidence, hypotension, pupillary reflexes, and Rotterdam score with the outcome of traumatic brain injury patients (p<0.05) and there was no significant relationship between age, gender, and mechanism of injury with the outcome patients with traumatic brain injury. Conclution: The onset of events, hypotension, pupillary reflexes, and Rotterdam scores significantly affect the outcome patients of traumatic brain injury.

scholarly journals CNS disease-related protein variants as blood-based biomarkers in traumatic brain injury

Neurology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 91 (15) ◽  
pp. 702-709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie M. Williams ◽  
Carrie Peltz ◽  
Kristine Yaffe ◽  
Philip Schulz ◽  
Michael R. Sierks
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Single Chain ◽  
Characteristic Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Elisa Format ◽  
Protein Variants

ObjectiveTo utilize a panel of 11 single chain variable fragments (scFvs) that selectively bind disease-related variants of TAR DNA-binding protein (TDP)-43, β-amyloid, tau, and α-synuclein to assess damage following traumatic brain injury (TBI), and determine if the presence of protein variants could account for the increased risk of various neurodegenerative diseases following TBI.MethodsWe utilized the panel of 11 scFvs in a sensitive ELISA format to analyze sera from 43 older veterans, 25 who had experienced at least 1 TBI incident during their lifetime (∼29.4 years after TBI), and 18 controls who did not incur TBI, in a cross-sectional study.ResultsEach of the 11 scFvs individually could significantly distinguish between TBI and control samples, though they did not detect each TBI sample. Comparing the levels of all 11 variants, all 25 TBI cases displayed higher reactivity compared to the controls and receiver operating characteristic analysis revealed 100% sensitivity and specificity. Higher total protein variants levels correlated with TBI severity and with loss of consciousness. Oligomeric tau levels distinguished between single and multiple TBI incidents. While all TBI cases were readily selected with the panel, the binding pattern varied from patient to patient, suggesting subgroups that are at increased risk for different neurodegenerative diseases.ConclusionThe panel of protein variants-specific scFvs can be used to identify blood-based biomarkers indicative of TBI even 20 years or more after the initial TBI. Being able to identify subgroups of biomarker profiles allows for the possibility of individually targeted treatments.

Emotion Perception and Alexithymia in People With Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: One Disorder or Two? A Preliminary Investigation

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Skye McDonald ◽  
Julia Rosenfeld ◽  
Julie D. Henry ◽  
Leanne Togher ◽  
Robyn Tate ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Severe Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Emotion Perception ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Cross Sectional

AbstractPrimary objective:Recent research studies attest to the presence of deficits in emotion perception following severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). Additionally, a growing number of studies report significant levels of alexithymia (disorder of emotional cognition) following TBI. This research aimed to examine the relation between the two, while assessing the influence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).Design:Cross-sectional study examining levels of alexithymia, emotion perception disorders and PTSD and their association, in 20 people with severe, chronic TBI and 20 adults without brain injuries.Methods:Participants were assessed on the Toronto Alexithymia — 20 Scale, the Posttraumatic Diagnostic Scale and on two emotion perception tasks: matching and labelling of photos depicting the 6 basic emotions.Results:The group with TBI were impaired relative to controls when matching facial expressions. Their performance on ‘fear’ was especially poor. Performance on labelling was similar in pattern, although failed to reach significance. There was no association between poor performance on fear, or other negative expressions, and either PTSD or alexithymia symptoms in the TBI group.Conclusions:Alexithymia, as assessed by the TAS-20, taps a constellation of difficulties that do not appear to include difficulties with emotion perception in people with traumatic brain injuries.

scholarly journals Hospital admission and readmission among homeless patients with neurologic disease: Retraction and replacement

Neurology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 92 (24) ◽  
pp. e2822-e2831 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Rosendale ◽  
Elan L. Guterman ◽  
John P. Betjemann ◽  
S. Andrew Josephson ◽  
Vanja C. Douglas
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Primary Diagnosis ◽  
Hospital Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Patients With Epilepsy ◽  
Inpatient Database

ObjectiveTo characterize the most common neurologic diagnoses leading to hospitalization for homeless compared to housed individuals and to assess whether homelessness is an independent risk factor for 30-day readmission after an admission for a neurologic illness.MethodsWe performed a retrospective serial cross-sectional study using data from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project California State Inpatient Database from 2006 to 2011. Adult patients with a primary neurologic discharge diagnosis were included. The primary outcome was 30-day readmission. We used multilevel logistic regression to examine the association between homelessness and readmission after adjustment for patient factors.ResultsWe identified 1,082,347 patients with a neurologic primary diagnosis. The rate of homelessness was 0.37%. The most common indications for hospitalization among homeless patients were seizure and traumatic brain injury, both of which were more common in the homeless compared to housed population (19.3% vs 8.1% and 31.9% vs 9.2%, respectively, p < 0.001). A multilevel mixed-effects model controlling for patient age, sex, race, insurance type, comorbid conditions, and clustering on the hospital level found that homelessness was associated with increased 30-day readmission (odds ratio 1.5, 95% confidence interval 1.4–1.6, p < 0.001). This association persisted after this analysis was repeated within specific diagnoses (patients with epilepsy, trauma, encephalopathy, and neuromuscular disease).ConclusionThe most common neurologic reasons for admission among homeless patients are seizure and traumatic brain injury; these patients are at high risk for readmission. Future interventions should target the drivers of readmissions in this vulnerable population.

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