Involvement of cochlear nerve nucleus group for modulation frequency follow up processes.Examination on reaction potentials of near cochlear nerve nucleus group by sine wave amplitude modulat sound.

When an observer sees a uniformly moving visual stimulus, he or she typically perceives an illusory motion of his or her body in the opposite direction (vection). In this study, the effects of the visual inducer’s perceived rigidity were examined using a horizontal sine wave-like line stimulus moving horizontally. Lowering the sine wave amplitude resulted in the perception of a less rigid visual stimulus motion, although the stimulus was always set to move completely rigidly. The psychophysical experiment revealed that visual self-motion perception was weaker in the lower amplitude condition where the visual stimulus was perceived as less rigid. The follow-up experiments showed that the effects of sine wave amplitude manipulation were unrelated to the modulation of the perceived speed. Furthermore, small gaps inserted into the sine waves effectively increased the perceived rigidity and resulted in a strong self-motion perception even in the lower amplitude condition. The current investigation, together with previous studies, clearly demonstrated that perceived features, in addition to the physical ones, play a key role in visual self-motion perception. Visual stimuli, perceived as more rigid, provide a more reliable frame of reference in the observers’ spatial orientation, determining their self-motion perception.

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Electrical characteristics of pacing different portions of the His bundle in bradycardia patients

EP Europace ◽

10.1093/europace/euaa309 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. ii27-ii35

Author(s):

Yiran Hu ◽

Min Gu ◽

Wei Hua ◽

Hongxia Niu ◽

Hui Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wave Amplitude ◽

Electrical Characteristics ◽

Normal Range ◽

Tricuspid Valve Regurgitation ◽

His Bundle ◽

His Bundle Pacing ◽

Pacing Mode ◽

Echocardiographic Assessment ◽

R Wave Amplitude

Abstract Aims His-bundle pacing (HBP) can be achieved in either atrial-side HBP (aHBP) or ventricular-side HBP (vHBP). The study compared the pacing parameters and electrophysiological characteristics between aHBP and vHBP in bradycardia patients. Methods and results Fifty patients undergoing HBP implantation assisted by visualization of the tricuspid valvular annulus (TVA) were enrolled. The HBP lead position was identified by TVA angiography. Twenty-five patients were assigned to undergo aHBP and compared with 25 patients who underwent vHBP primarily in a prospective and randomized fashion. Pacing parameters and echocardiography were routinely assessed at implant and 3-month follow-up. His-bundle pacing was successfully performed in 45 patients (90% success rate with 44.4% aHBP and 55.6% vHBP). The capture threshold was lower in vHBP than aHBP at implant (vHBP: 1.1 ± 0.5 vs. aHBP: 1.4 ± 0.4 V/1.0 ms, P = 0.014) and 3-month follow-up (vHBP: 0.8 ± 0.4 vs. aHBP: 1.7 ± 0.8 V/0.4 ms, P < 0.001). The R-wave amplitude was higher in vHBP than in aHBP at implant (vHBP: 4.5 ± 1.4 vs. aHBP: 2.0 ± 0.8 mV, P < 0.001) and at 3-month follow-up (vHBP: 4.4 ± 1.5 vs. aHBP: 1.8 ± 0.7 mV, P < 0.001). No procedure-related complications and aggravation of tricuspid valve regurgitation were observed in most patients and echocardiographic assessment of cardiac function remained in the normal range in all patients during the follow-up. Conclusion This study demonstrates that vHBP features a low and stable pacing capture threshold and high R-wave amplitude, suggesting better pacing mode management and battery longevity can be achieved by HBP in the ventricular side.

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Abstract 062: Aortic Stiffness, Blood Pressure Progression and Incident Hypertension: The Framingham Heart Study

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.125.suppl_10.a062 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽

Author(s):

Bernhard M Kaess ◽

Jian Rong ◽

Martin G Larson ◽

Naomi M Hamburg ◽

Joseph A Vita ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Brachial Artery ◽

Aortic Stiffness ◽

Wave Amplitude ◽

Augmentation Index ◽

Vascular Stiffness ◽

Flow Mediated Dilation ◽

Forward Wave ◽

Incident Hypertension

Background: Increased vascular stiffness and excessive blood pressure (BP) pulsatility are important risk factors for age-related morbidity. Vascular stiffness and BP pulsatility are related, with a prevailing view that hypertension antedates and contributes to premature vascular aging and a secondary increase in vascular stiffness. However, temporal relations between comprehensive vascular measures and BP elevation have not been fully delineated in a large community-based sample. Methods: We examined longitudinal relations of BP and 3 measures of vascular stiffness and pressure pulsatility derived from arterial tonometry (carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity [CFPWV], forward wave amplitude and augmentation index) over a 7-year period in 1,898 Framingham Offspring participants (mean age 60 yrs, 1,057 women). We also examined relations between measures of microvascular and endothelial function derived from brachial artery Doppler and future progression of BP or vascular stiffness. Results: In multivariable-adjusted regression models, baseline tonometry measures were separately and jointly associated with higher systolic and pulse pressure and incident hypertension ( Table ). Conversely, higher baseline BP was associated with higher forward wave amplitude and augmentation index (all p<0.05) but not CFPWV at follow-up. Higher baseline resting brachial artery flow and lower flow-mediated dilation were associated with incident hypertension in models that included BP and tonometry measures ( Table ). Conclusion: Higher aortic stiffness (CFPWV), pressure pulsatility (forward wave amplitude), and wave reflection (augmentation index) and lower flow-mediated dilation are associated with blood pressure progression and incident hypertension. Our findings support the notion of aortic stiffness as a precursor of hypertension and further suggest a vicious cycle of increasing pressure pulsatility with advancing age. Table. Correlates of incident hypertension. Predictor Variables (baseline) OR 95% CI P Systolic BP 3.24 (2.17; 4.84) <0.0001 Diastolic BP 1.47 (1.13; 1.92) 0.0042 CFPWV 1.30 (1.02; 1.67) 0.037 Forward wave amplitude 1.66 (1.32; 2.09) <0.0001 Augmentation index 1.78 (1.45; 2.17) <0.0001 Brachial artery baseline flow 1.23 (1.05; 1.45) 0.013 Flow-mediated dilation 0.83 (0.70; 0.98) 0.029 Results of a single multivariable model that further adjusted for age,sex, BMI, height and triglycerides in 1,019 participants free of hypertension at baseline who experienced 337 cases of incident hypertension during follow-up. OR expressed per 1 SD of the independent variable.

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Follow-Up Study of Memory Deficits after ECT

The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1177/070674378202700410 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 27 (4) ◽

pp. 325-329 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Wallace Shellenberger ◽

Marvin J. Miller ◽

Iver F. Small ◽

Victor Milstein ◽

James R. Stout

Keyword(s):

Memory Loss ◽

Memory Deficits ◽

Sine Wave ◽

Memory Test ◽

Wave Group ◽

Subjective Memory ◽

Square Wave ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Follow Up Study

Twenty-four patients received ECT induced by either alternating sine wave or brief pulsed-square wave stimulus and were evaluated at follow-up for clinical functioning and subjective memory loss. The hypothesis of less memory loss in the group receiving a weaker stimulus (pulsed-square wave) was not supported. The two treatment groups and a group of controls showed no significant differences on the memory test. On measures of clinical functioning the sine wave group scored better on every measure than the square wave group, although not significantly better.

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Focal brain-stem astrocytomas causing symptoms of involvement of the facial nerve nucleus: long-term survival in six pediatric cases

Journal of Neurosurgery ◽

10.3171/jns.1994.80.1.0020 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 80 (1) ◽

pp. 20-25 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Michael S. B. Edwards ◽

William M. Wara ◽

Samuel F. Ciricillo ◽

A. James Barkovich

Keyword(s):

Radiation Therapy ◽

Facial Nerve ◽

Brain Stem ◽

Pilocytic Astrocytoma ◽

Low Grade ◽

Brain Stem Glioma ◽

Term Survival ◽

Juvenile Pilocytic Astrocytoma ◽

Nerve Nucleus

✓ Six children with a history of isolated facial nerve dysfunction or dizziness and nausea were treated for brain-stem glioma between 1984 and 1992. Computerized tomography and/or magnetic resonance (MR) imaging showed a focal, uniformly enhancing mass involving the facial nerve nucleus of the pons. All patients underwent biopsy; the histological diagnosis was juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma in five cases. In the remaining case the biopsy was nondiagnostic, although the surgeon believed that the lesion was a glioma. Postoperatively, five patients underwent conventional focal megavoltage radiation therapy (180 to 200 cGy/day) over a period of 5½ weeks to a total dose of approximately 5400 cGy. One child's family refused radiation therapy; she remained well and stable for 4 years, despite persistent facial weakness, and was eventually lost to follow-up review. Four irradiation-treated patients had complete resolution of their tumors on MR images and have had no evidence of neuropsychological or neuroendocrinological deficits during 4½ to 8 years of follow-up evaluation. Patients whose neuroradiological studies show a lesion resembling those in this series should undergo biopsy and, if the histology of a low-grade tumor (in particular, a juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma) is confirmed, should then receive focal radiation therapy with conventional megavoltage dosages.

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