Abstract
OBJECTIVE
Adult brain stem glioma (ABSG) is a subset of brain tumor with a low incidence rate. This study reviewed the clinical characteristics and the risk factors affecting the prognosis of ABSG in a single center and explored the proper therapeutic mode for ABSG.
METHODS
The clinical data of adult patients (age over 18 years old) with brain stem gliomas from January 2010 to January 2021 of Guangdong Sanjiu brain hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Overall survival (OS) were determined by the Kaplan-Meier method, and Log-rank test was used for univariate analysis, COX proportion hazards regression was used for multivariate analysis. P < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.
RESULTS
Eighty-one ABSGs, including 46 males and 35 females, were analyzed. The median age of patients was 37 years (range, 19 to 67), and the median follow-up time was 17 months (range, 3 to 108) . The median OS of 81 patients was 18 months, and the OS for 1, 2, 3, and 5 years was 87.4%, 75.8%, 61.0%, and 36.5%, respectively. Univariate analysis demonstrated that the lesions enhancement on MRI, the WHO classifications, the expression status of H3K27M, radiotherapy status, and the status of adjuvant chemotherapy were related to prognosis. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that age, the WHO classifications, radiotherapy status, and the maintenance chemotherapy followed radiotherapy were independent predictors for OS.
CONCLUSIONS
Radiotherapy is still the main treatment of ABSGs, and patients can be benefit from maintenance chemotherapy followed radiotherapy. The age > 40 years and WHO IV grade were two independent unfavorable prognostic factors. Research with expanded patient volume would help to further explore the influence of H3K27M expression on ABSG prognosis.