Diversity of flaA Genotypes among Campylobacter jejuni Isolated from Six Niche-Market Poultry Species at Farm and Processing

2006 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. VanWORTH ◽  
B. A. McCREA ◽  
K. H. TONOOKA ◽  
C. L. BOGGS ◽  
J. S. SCHRADER
Keyword(s):  
Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Length Polymorphism ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Guinea Fowl ◽  
Processing Plant ◽  
Cross Contamination ◽  
Free Range ◽  
Processing Plants ◽  
Restriction Fragment Length

PCR–restriction fragment length polymorphism of the flagellin (flaA) gene in Campylobacter jejuni was used to determine the relationships of isolates collected at the farm and throughout processing for six niche-market poultry species. This study focused on two specialty chicken products, poussin and free range, and four other specialty products, squab, duck, guinea fowl, and quail. Cloacal and carcass samples were collected from three flocks from each of the six niche species. Three processing plants in California participated in a 2-year investigation. A total of 773 isolates from farm, posttransport, and the processing plants were genotyped, yielding a total of 72 distinct flaA profiles for the six commodities. Genetic diversity of C. jejuni at the farm was greatest for ducks with up to 12 distinct flaA types in two flocks and least for squab 1 flaA type between two farms. For two of the guinea fowl flocks, one free-range flock, two squab flocks, and all three poussin flocks, the flaA types recovered at the prepackage station matched those from the farm. Cross-contamination of poultry carcasses was supported by the observation of flaA types during processing that were not present at the farm level. New C. jejuni strains were detected after transport in ducks, guinea fowl, and free-range chickens. Postpicker, postevisceration, and prewash sampling points in the processing plant yield novel isolates. Duck and free-range chickens were the only species for which strains recovered within the processing plant were also found on the final product. Isolates recovered from squab had 56 to 93% similarity based on the flaA types defined by PCR–restriction fragment length polymorphism profiles. The 26 duck isolates had genetic similarities that ranged from 20 to 90%. Guinea fowl and free-range chickens each had 40 to 65% similarity between isolates. Poussin isolates were 33 to 55% similar to each other, and quail isolates were 46 to 100% similar. Our results continue to emphasize the need to clean processing equipment and posttransport crates in order to decrease cross contamination between flocks. This study also determined that several strains of C. jejuni had unique flaA types that could only be recovered in their host species.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Genetic Diversity of C. Jejuni Isolated from Broilers and their Environment Using flaA-RFLP Typing and MLST Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 485-501
Author(s):  
Viktorija Lėgaudaitė Lydekaitienė ◽  
E. Kudirkienė
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Length Polymorphism ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Wild Birds ◽  
Mlst Analysis ◽  
Sequence Types ◽  
Restriction Fragment Length ◽  
Rflp Typing

AbstractCampylobacter is highly diverse genetically and also undergoes frequent intraspecific recombination. A major source of campylobacteriosis, which is transmitted to humans is found in poultry. The assessment of the genetic diversity among Campylobacter population is critical to our understanding of the epidemiology. The genetic diversity of Campylobacter jejuni isolates in broilers and their environment were investigated by flaA-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). The study revealed that 92.3% of the examined broiler flocks were contaminated with Campylobacter spp. A total number of 35 different flaA types defined by flaA-RFLP were found in 448 C. jejuni isolates originated from broilers, litter, puddles, zones, anteroom and wild birds. The most dominant flaA type was XXV. MLST defined 20 sequence types (STs) belonging to 10 clonal complexes (CCs). Among all the STs 9 isolates (15%) were consigned to 2 different STs (ST-7413 and ST-4800), which could not be assigned. The most common CCs were ST-21 and ST-179. The ST-21 CC was common in broilers and environment (puddle water and concentric zones) and the ST-179 CC was specific to wild birds, but also was found in puddle water and concentric zones.

scholarly journals Effect of Incubation Temperature on Isolation of Campylobacter jejuni Genotypes from Foodstuffs Enriched in Preston Broth

2003 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 4658-4661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pam Scates ◽  
Lynn Moran ◽  
Robert H. Madden
Keyword(s):  
Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Length Polymorphism ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Random Amplification ◽  
Campylobacter Lari ◽  
Restriction Fragment Length

ABSTRACT Preston broth and agar incubated at either 37 or 42°C have been widely used to isolate campylobacters from foodstuffs. The consequences of using either incubation temperature were investigated. Retail packs of raw chicken (n = 24) and raw lamb liver (n = 30) were purchased. Samples were incubated in Preston broth at 37 and 42°C and then streaked onto Preston agar and incubated as before. Two Campylobacter isolates per treatment were characterized. Poultry isolates were genotyped by random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD), pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), and flagellin PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism, and lamb isolates were genotyped by RAPD only. In total, 96% of the poultry and 73% of the lamb samples yielded campylobacters. The lamb isolates were all Campylobacter jejuni, as were 96% of the poultry isolates, with the remainder being Campylobacter lari. The incubation temperature had no significant effect on the number of positive samples or on the species isolated. However, genotyping of the C. jejuni isolates revealed profound differences in the types obtained. Overall (from poultry and lamb), the use of a single incubation temperature, 37°C, gave 56% of the total number of RAPD C. jejuni genotypes, and hence, 44% remained undetected. The effect was especially marked in the poultry samples, where incubation at 37°C gave 47% of the PFGE genotypes but 53% were exclusively recovered after incubation at 42°C. Thus, the incubation temperature of Preston media selects for certain genotypes of C. jejuni, and to detect the widest range, samples should be incubated at both 37 and 42°C. Conversely, genotyping results arising from the use of a single incubation temperature should be interpreted with caution.

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