Race, Socialization, and Contemporary Racism Manifestations

Light Is Right: Exploring the Race Socialization Message of Mexican Immigrant Parents

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e622672009-001 ◽

2009 ◽

Author(s):

Cristina Mercado

Keyword(s):

Immigrant Parents ◽

Mexican Immigrant ◽

Race Socialization

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The Comprehensive Race Socialization Inventory

Journal of Black Studies ◽

10.1177/0021934704273457 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 36 (2) ◽

pp. 163-190 ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

Chase L. Lesane-Brown ◽

Tony N. Brown ◽

Cleopatra H. Caldwell ◽

Robert M. Sellers

Keyword(s):

Race Socialization

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Race Socialization and Parenting Styles

Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice ◽

10.1177/1541204015581390 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 448-467 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Frank S. Pezzella ◽

Terence P. Thornberry ◽

Carolyn A. Smith

Keyword(s):

Parenting Styles ◽

Race Socialization

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A review of race socialization within Black families

Developmental Review ◽

10.1016/j.dr.2006.02.001 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 26 (4) ◽

pp. 400-426 ◽

Cited By ~ 107

Author(s):

Chase L. Lesane-Brown

Keyword(s):

Black Families ◽

Race Socialization

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Racial identity, racial attitudes, and race socialization among Black Canadian parents.

Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science/Revue canadienne des sciences du comportement ◽

10.1037/0008-400x.40.3.129 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 40 (3) ◽

pp. 129-139 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Richard N. Lalonde ◽

Janelle M. Jones ◽

Mirella L. Stroink

Keyword(s):

Racial Identity ◽

Racial Attitudes ◽

Race Socialization ◽

Black Canadian

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Evaluation and Measurement of Parent Race Socialization Practices Using IRT

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e500122015-057 ◽

2014 ◽

Author(s):

C. G. Nehler ◽

A. J. Hoffman ◽

K. A. Perkins

Keyword(s):

Race Socialization ◽

Parent Race

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A Descriptive Study Using the Comprehensive Race Socialization Inventory: Findings From the National Survey of American Life-Adolescent Supplement

Journal of Black Studies ◽

10.1177/0021934719896003 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 51 (2) ◽

pp. 147-167

Author(s):

Tony N. Brown ◽

Julian Culver ◽

Kiana Wilkins ◽

Quintin Gorman ◽

Asia Bento ◽

...

Keyword(s):

African American ◽

National Survey ◽

Black Adolescents ◽

Descriptive Study ◽

Frequency Content ◽

Anticipatory Socialization ◽

Race And Racism ◽

Caribbean Black ◽

American Life ◽

Race Socialization

This study examines race socialization, defined as the process whereby individuals learn about the meaning and significance of race and racism. With data from the 2001–2004 National Survey of American Life-Adolescent Supplement (NSAL-A), we analyze responses to the Comprehensive Race Socialization Inventory (CRSI) among 1,170 African American and Caribbean Black adolescents between the ages of 13 and 17 years. The CRSI captures sources, frequency, content of messages, and prevalence of the most useful message, among other components (e.g., onset and recency, anticipatory socialization, and socializing behaviors). We find 90% of respondents report someone talked with them about what being Black means. In addition, most respondents report receiving messages from all four sources specified in the CRSI (i.e., parents, relatives, friends, and other adults). We find little evidence to suggest sources differ by sex, age, ethnicity, or U.S. region. The question assessing the most useful message is open-ended. Over 60% of respondents recall content supporting “Race equality,” maintaining a “Positive self-attitude,” or emphasizing “Black pride” as the most useful message. We conclude race socialization is commonplace among Black adolescents because racism necessitates it.

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White on Black

Journal of Black Studies ◽

10.1177/0021934711404237 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 42 (8) ◽

pp. 1195-1230 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Darron T. Smith ◽

Brenda G. Juarez ◽

Cardell K. Jacobson

Keyword(s):

Racial Identity ◽

White Supremacy ◽

Black Children ◽

Adoptive Parents ◽

Race And Racism ◽

Racial Hierarchy ◽

Historical Structures ◽

Race Socialization ◽

Close Analysis ◽

Depth Interviews

In this article, the authors examine White parents’ endeavors toward the racial enculturation and inculcation of their transracially adopted Black children. Drawing on in-depth interviews, the authors identify and analyze themes across the specific race socialization strategies and practices White adoptive parents used to help their adopted Black children to develop a positive racial identity and learn how to effectively cope with issues of race and racism. The central aim of this article is to examine how these lessons about race help to connect family members to U.S. society’s existing racial hierarchy and how these associations position individuals to help perpetuate or challenge the deeply embedded and historical structures of White supremacy. The authors use the notion of White racial framing to move outside of the traditional arguments for or against transracial adoption to instead explore how a close analysis of the adoptive parents’ racial instructions may serve as a learning tool to foster more democratic and inclusive forms of family and community.

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