William the Silent and the Dutch Revolt

The Low Countries have a special place in Reformation history, both because of the great diversity of the religious landscape and because they experienced a genuine Reformation “from below,” as well as fierce repression of Protestant heresies. Protests against the latter helped to trigger the revolt that resulted in the split of the Habsburg Netherlands. In the northern Netherlands, the Dutch Republic gave the Reformed Church a monopoly of worship but also guaranteed freedom of conscience to dissidents. The southern Netherlands, once “reconciled” with the Habsburgs and having expelled its Protestant inhabitants, became a bulwark of the Counter-Reformation. For more on the revolt, see the Oxford Bibliographies in Renaissance and Reformation article “The Netherlands (Dutch Revolt/Dutch Republic)” by Henk van Nierop.

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A Disputed Letter: Relations Between the Church of Scotland and the Reformed Church in the Province of Zeeland in the Year of the Solemn League and Covenant

Studies in Church History Subsidia ◽

10.1017/s0143045900001678 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

pp. 237-251

Author(s):

Willbm Nijenhuis

Keyword(s):

Civil War ◽

Military Operations ◽

Church Of Scotland ◽

Reformed Church ◽

Dutch Revolt ◽

The Church ◽

United Provinces

In the year 1643 the Dutch revolt against Spain was dragging gradually to an end. Repeated attempts by Stadtholder Frederick Henry to take Antwerp had failed. Since 1640 only minor military operations had been undertaken. The demand for peace was growing, but this, at the same time, led to divisions of opinion. During this period of domestic tension the United Provinces became involved in events in England leading to the Civil War.

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Robert S. DuPlessis. Lille and the Dutch Revolt: Urban Stability in an Era of Revolution, 1500–1582. (Cambridge Studies in Early Modern History.) New York: Cambridge University Press. Pp. xv, 372. $54.50

The American Historical Review ◽

10.1086/ahr/97.3.868 ◽

1992 ◽

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

Early Modern ◽

Modern History ◽

Early Modern History ◽

Cambridge University ◽

Dutch Revolt

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The Protection of Trade

Cities of Commerce ◽

10.23943/princeton/9780691142883.003.0006 ◽

2013 ◽

Author(s):

Oscar Gelderblom

Keyword(s):

The Netherlands ◽

Use Of Force ◽

Dutch Republic ◽

Urban Hierarchy ◽

Protective Measures ◽

International Network ◽

Dutch Revolt

This chapter examines the protective measures implemented by merchants and rulers in Bruges, Antwerp, and Amsterdam to deal with violent threats such as theft, robbery, or even outright warfare. It shows that the existence of an international network of commercial cities created strong incentives for local and central governments to offer protection to international traders to enhance the position of individual cities in this network. It also considers how imminent changes in a city's position in the international urban hierarchy led to the massive use of force, citing as examples the Flemish Revolt and the Dutch Revolt. Finally, it discusses the unification of the Habsburgs as rulers of the Netherlands and its impact on the safety of merchants, along with the rise of the Dutch Republic.

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