Expertise, trust and accountability in food safety: The evolving role of the World Trade Organization

2021 ◽  
pp. 156-173
Author(s):  
Rob Howse
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
World Trade Organization ◽  
World Trade ◽  
The World

Diversity and Legitimacy of the World Trade Organization’s Bench

2020 ◽  
pp. 427-445
Author(s):  
Cosette D Creamer ◽  
Zuzanna Godzimirska
Keyword(s):  
World Trade Organization ◽  
World Trade ◽  
Academic Experience ◽  
Appellate Body ◽  
The World ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter sheds light on the relationship between the composition of the bench and the sociological legitimacy of the judicial branch of the World Trade Organization (WTO). Two identity characteristics are consistently part of the criticism of the WTO’s bench: the lack of female adjudicators as well as individuals with academic experience. Overall, however, the identity of the bench does not appear to matter greatly for how WTO Members evaluate its exercise of authority. We suggest that the role of the WTO’s Legal Affairs Division and the Appellate Body Secretariat in streamlining outcomes and procedures may best explain this, as it helps prevent such diversity from manifesting in dispute rulings. Alternatively, it tells us that judicial diversity matters more for the bench’s normative legitimacy—and for scholars—than it does for governments.

Trade in electricity under WTO and EAEU Law: compatibility of two legal regimes†

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-140
Author(s):  
Daria Boklan ◽  
Olga Belova
Keyword(s):  
World Trade Organization ◽  
Electricity Market ◽  
World Trade ◽  
Legal Order ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Economic Union

Abstract Accession of Russia and Kazakhstan to the World Trade Organization (WTO) constitutes a landmark event in the history of this organization, especially in relation to trade in energy, in general, and trade in electricity, in particular. As a result, the role of the WTO in regulating trade in electricity has increasingly grown. However, the Treaty on the Eurasian Economic Union, a treaty that binds both Russia and Kazakhstan, necessitates additional regulation for trade in electricity, concurrent with law of the WTO. Recently, this treaty was amended by the Protocol on Common Electricity Market on 1 July 2019. As a result, compatibility issues between the rules of the WTO and the Eurasian Economic Union arise. This article concludes that the law of the WTO can be relevant to trade in electricity between Member States of the Eurasian Economic Union and third countries because of the specific place of the rules of the WTO under the Eurasian Economic Union legal order.

Africa-Asia Relations since the End of “Unipolar” Globalization: Focus on Education and Research

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 118-139
Author(s):  
Tukumbi Lumumba-Kasongo
Keyword(s):  
World Trade Organization ◽  
International Cooperation ◽  
World Trade ◽  
Institutional Support ◽  
Social Progress ◽  
Japan International Cooperation Agency ◽  
Historical Perspectives ◽  
The World ◽  
Political Leverage

Abstract The role of education and research in social progress is vital. Since China was admitted into the World Trade Organization in 2001, its economic, financial and trade assistance with Africa has intensified, reflecting certain aspects of the claims associated with the Bandung Conference in 1955. And Japanese relations with Africa, which were at their peak from the end of 1980s through the beginning of the 1990s, have steadily been declining. Furthermore, as China has become the second largest economy in the World since 2010, it has begun projecting its influential power in Africa. Despite the newfound emergence of Chinese power in Africa, it is Japan that has created the strongest institutional support of its activities in the name of new Japan International Cooperation Agency ( JICA), which redefines Japan relationship with Africa through the TICAD initiative. The competition between these two powers can benefit Africa if she can build her political leverage in her own capacity to identify her priorities with confidence and determination. Using comparative and historical perspectives, this article focuses on the examination of the new trends regarding Chinese and Japanese assistance to Africa with a particular focus on education and research.

The role of veterinary epidemiology and veterinary services in complying with the World Trade Organization SPS agreement

2005 ◽  
Vol 67 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 125-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Zepeda ◽  
M. Salman ◽  
A. Thiermann ◽  
J. Kellar ◽  
H. Rojas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
World Trade Organization ◽  
World Trade ◽  
Veterinary Services ◽  
The World ◽  
Veterinary Epidemiology

18. India and the World Trade Organization

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amrita Narlikar
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Interest Groups ◽  
World Trade Organization ◽  
World Trade ◽  
Market Size ◽  
Foreign Economic Policy ◽  
Policy Goals ◽  
Major Player ◽  
The World

This chapter examines India’s emergence as a key player in the World Trade Organization (WTO) within the context of its foreign policy. It considers plausible mainstream explanations for India’s apparent rise to power, including growing market size, changing ideology, and the role of domestic interest groups in influencing foreign economic policy. It suggests that India’s emergence as a major player in the WTO can be explained by its negotiation behaviour. More specifically, it shows that India’s rise in the WTO is a product of decades of learning to negotiate within the specific multilateral rules of the organization (as well as its predecessor, the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)). The chapter also considers some of the problems that India’s WTO diplomacy raises within the trade context as well as its broader foreign policy goals.

scholarly journals When the Floodgates Open: “Northern” Firms' Response to Removal of Trade Quotas on Chinese Goods

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 226-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hale Utar
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
World Trade Organization ◽  
World Trade ◽  
Intangible Assets ◽  
Value Added ◽  
The World ◽  
Matched Data ◽  
Workforce Composition ◽  
Distributional Impact

Using the dismantling of the Multi-fibre Arrangement quotas on Chinese textile products in conjunction with China's accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO), within firms adjustments to intensified low-wage competition is analyzed. Employing Danish employer-employee matched data covering from 1995 to 2007, the analysis shows a significant change in the workforce composition of firms in response to heightened competition. Competition is found to negatively affect employment, value-added, and intangible assets of the Danish firms, and firms refocus away from products, where China's competitive advantage becomes higher. The results show an important role of the distributional impact of low-wage competition within firms in restructuring the industry. (JEL F13, F14, F16, L25, L67, P33)

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