scholarly journals Global Seismic Hazard Assessment Program - GSHAP legacy

2015 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurentiu Danciu ◽  
Domenico Giardini
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Hazard ◽  
Hazard Assessment ◽  
Seismic Hazard Assessment ◽  
Active Regions ◽  
Hazard Models ◽  
Hazard Map ◽  
Assessment Program ◽  
Earthquake Model ◽  
Common Framework ◽  
Seismic Hazard Map

<p>Global Seismic Hazard Assessment Program - or simply GSHAP, when launched, almost two decades ago, aimed at establishing a common framework to evaluate the seismic hazard over geographical large-scales, i.e. countries, regions, continents and finally the globe. Its main product, the global seismic hazard map was a milestone, unique at that time and for a decade have served as the main reference worldwide. Today, for most of the Earth’s seismically active regions such Europe, Northern and Southern America, Central and South-East Asia, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, the GSHAP seismic hazard map is outdated. The rapid increase of the new data, advance on the earthquake process knowledge, technological progress, both hardware and software, contributed all in updates of the seismic hazard models. We present herein, a short retrospective overview of the achievements as well as the pitfalls of the GSHAP. Further, we describe the next generation of seismic hazard models, as elaborated within the Global Earthquake Model, regional programs: the 2013 European Seismic Hazard Model, the 2014 Earthquake Model for Middle East, and the 2015 Earthquake Model of Central Asia. Later, the main characteristics of these regional models are summarized and the new datasets fully harmonized across national borders are illustrated for the first time after the GSHAP completion.</p>

scholarly journals The GSHAP Global Seismic Hazard Map

1999 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Giardini ◽  
G. Grünthal ◽  
K. M. Shedlock ◽  
P. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Hazard ◽  
Hazard Assessment ◽  
Seismic Hazard Assessment ◽  
Hazard Map ◽  
Disaster Reduction ◽  
Ground Acceleration ◽  
Assessment Program ◽  
Global Standards ◽  
Seismic Hazard Map ◽  
International Decade

The Global Seismic Hazard Assessment Program (GSHAP), a demonstration project of the UN/International Decade of Natural Disaster Reduction, was conducted in the 1992-1998 period with the goal of improving global standards in seismic hazard assessment. The GSHAP Global Seismic Hazard Map has been compiled by joining the regional maps produced for different GSHAP regions and test areas; it depicts the global seismic hazard as Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) with a 10% chance of exceedance in 50 years, corresponding to a return period of 475 years.

THE GLOBAL SEISMIC HAZARD ASSESSMENT PROGRAM (GSHAP)

Terra Nova ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 623-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Giardini ◽  
P. Basham ◽  
M. Bery
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Hazard ◽  
Hazard Assessment ◽  
Seismic Hazard Assessment ◽  
Assessment Program

scholarly journals Probabilistic seismic hazard map for Bulgaria as a basis for a new building code

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 881-887 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. D. Simeonova ◽  
D. E. Solakov ◽  
G. Leydecker ◽  
H. Busche ◽  
T. Schmitt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Hazard ◽  
Attenuation Factor ◽  
Seismic Hazard Assessment ◽  
Building Code ◽  
Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessment ◽  
Eurocode 8 ◽  
Probabilistic Seismic Hazard ◽  
Hazard Map ◽  
Intermediate Depth ◽  
Seismic Hazard Map

Abstract. A seismic hazard map proposed as part of a new building code for Bulgaria is presented here on basis of the recommendations in EUROCODE 8. Seismic source zones within an area of about 200 km around Bulgaria were constructed considering seismicity, neotectonic and geological development. The most time consuming work was to establish a homogeneous earthquake catalogue out of different catalogues. The probabilistic seismic hazard assessment in terms of intensities is performed following Cornell (1968) with the program EQRISK (see McGuire, 1976), modified by us for use of intensities. To cope with the irregular isoseismals of the Vrancea intermediate depth earthquakes a special attenuation factor is introduced (Ardeleanu et al., 2005), using detailed macroseismic maps of three major earthquakes. The final seismic hazard is the combination of both contributions, of zones with crustal earthquakes and of the Vrancea intermediate depth earthquakes zone. Calculations are done for recurrence periods of 95, 475 and 10 000 years.

scholarly journals Seismic hazard assessment in the Ibero-Maghreb region

1999 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Jiménez ◽  
M. García-Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Hazard ◽  
Hazard Assessment ◽  
Seismic Hazard Assessment ◽  
Earthquake Hazard ◽  
Seismic Source ◽  
Common Procedure ◽  
Fruitful Cooperation ◽  
Seismic Hazard Map ◽  
First Time ◽  
Regional Earthquake

The contribution of the Ibero-Maghreb region to the global GSHAP map has been the result of a fruitful cooperation among the participants in the established Working Group including representatives from Algeria, Morocco, Portugal, Spain and Tunisia and coordinated by ICTJA-CSIC, Spain. For the first time, a map of regional seismic source zones is presented, and agreement on a common procedure for hazard computation in the region has been achieved. The computed Ibero-Maghreb seismic hazard map constitutes the first step towards a uniform hazard assessment for the region. Further joint regional efforts are still needed for earthquake hazard studies based on a homogeneous regional earthquake catalogue. Ongoing initiatives in relation to seismic hazard assessment in the Mediterranean should profit both from these results and the established cooperation among different groups in the region as well as contribute to future regional studies.

scholarly journals Recent Destructive Earthquakes and International Collaboration for Seismic Hazard Assessment

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 1001-1007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken Xiansheng Hao ◽  
◽  
Hiroyuki Fujiwara
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Hazard ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Hazard Assessment ◽  
Seismic Hazard Assessment ◽  
Tohoku Earthquake ◽  
Statistical Seismology ◽  
Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessment ◽  
Data Set ◽  
2008 Wenchuan Earthquake ◽  
Earthquake Model

Recent destructive earthquakes in East Asia, such as the 1976 Tangshan, 1995 Kobe, 1999 Chi-Chi, 2008 Wenchuan, 2010 Yushu, 2011 Tohoku, and 2013 Ya’an-Lushan earthquakes, claimed one third of a million lives. Probabilistic seismic hazard assessment (SHA) can help define earthquake zones and guide urban planning and construction based on statistical seismology, geophysics, and geodesy. The National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Prevention (NIED) has promoted SHA as a national mission in Japan over the last 10 years, and as an international cooperation with neighboring countries since the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake. We initiated the China-Japan-Korea SHA strategic cooperative program for the next generation map supported by MOST-JST-NRF in 2010. We also initiated collaborative programs with the committee of the Taiwan Earthquake Model from 2012, as well as with many other parties. Consequently, the NIED, with its highly valuated SHA methodologies and technologies, proudly joined the Global Earthquake Model Foundation (GEM). Our international activities in East Asia could become one of the GEMRegional Programs. By examination of SHA maps using the Tohoku earthquake data set, some improvements and reconsiderations are made.

scholarly journals Probabilistic seismic hazard assessment for Bayankhongor aimag of Mongolia

2019 ◽  
pp. 43-56
Author(s):  
Ankhtsetseg D ◽  
Odonbaatar Ch ◽  
Mоngоnsuren D ◽  
Bayarsaikhan E ◽  
Dembereldulam M
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Hazard ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
Hazard Assessment ◽  
Seismic Hazard Assessment ◽  
Active Regions ◽  
Source Model ◽  
Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessment ◽  
Probabilistic Seismic Hazard ◽  
Probability Of Exceedance ◽  
Area Source

Central Asia is one of the seismically most active regions in the world. Its complex seismicity is due to the collision of the Eurasian and Indian plates, which has resulted in some of the world’s largest intra-plate events over history. The region is dominated by reverse faulting over strike slip and normal faulting events.The GSHAP project, aiming at hazard assessment on a global scale, indicates that the territory of Bayankhongor aimag, Mongolia, in Central Asia is characterized by maximum bedrock peak ground accelerations for 10% probability of exceedance in 50 years as medium as in range of 80 to 160cm/s2. In this study, which has been carried out within the framework of the project “Seismic microzoning map of center of 12 aimags, Mongolia”, the area source model and different kernel approaches are used for a probabilistic seismic hazard assessment for the Mongolia. The seismic hazard is assessed considering shallow (depth <50 km) seismicity only and employs an updated (with respect to previous projects) earthquake catalogue for the region. The hazard maps, shown in terms of 10% probability of exceedance in 50 years, are derived by using the Open Deterministic and Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessment (ODPSHA), which is based on the Cornell methodology. The maximum hazard observed in the region reaches 93-98 cm/s2 , which in intensity corresponds to VII in MSK64 scale in the centre of Bayankhongor aimag for 475 years mean return period.

Global Seismic Hazard Assessment Program maps are erroneous

2012 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. G. Kossobokov ◽  
A. K. Nekrasova
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Hazard ◽  
Hazard Assessment ◽  
Seismic Hazard Assessment ◽  
Assessment Program

The global seismic hazard assessment program

Eos ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 73 (48) ◽  
pp. 518-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Giardini ◽  
P. Basham ◽  
M. Berry
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Hazard ◽  
Hazard Assessment ◽  
Seismic Hazard Assessment ◽  
Assessment Program

Seismic hazard assessment accounting for earthquake-induced phenomena through spatial multi-criteria analysis in Xerias torrent basin, Greece

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Karpouza ◽  
Konstantinos Chousianitis ◽  
George Kaviris ◽  
George Bathrellos ◽  
Hariklia Skilodimou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Hazard ◽  
Hazard Assessment ◽  
Return Period ◽  
Seismic Hazard Assessment ◽  
Soil Liquefaction ◽  
Hazard Map ◽  
Secondary Effects ◽  
Gulf Of Corinth ◽  
Earthquake Hazard Assessment ◽  
Expected Values

&lt;p&gt;The present study focuses on the area of &amp;#8203;&amp;#8203;the Xerias torrent drainage basin, located at Northeastern Peloponnese, Greece. The study area is situated at the eastern part of the Gulf of Corinth, an active tectonic rift, characterized by high seismic activity and intense extension which is accommodated by a series of major active normal faults. As a result, it has frequently suffered damage from earthquakes which in some cases were accompanied by seismically-induced phenomena. These secondary phenomena include landslides and soil liquefaction and in some cases have the potential to cause more damage and casualties than the earthquake itself. Classic deterministic and probabilistic approaches of seismic hazard assessment do not account for seismically-induced phenomena and accordingly such analyses overlook areas prone to these secondary effects. The aim of our research is to evaluate seismic hazard not only as the hazard associated with the occurrence of potential earthquakes in the particular area, but also assess areas exposed to slope destabilization phenomena and soil liquefaction under seismic shaking. For this purpose we will use the pure statistical and the semi-statistical seismic hazard approaches along with the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to estimate the susceptibility of the study area to earthquakes and their triggering effects. AHP is a multi-criteria decision making method that helps to deal with a complex problem taking into account multiple conflicting criteria. &amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Initially, we evaluated separately the hazard from earthquakes, seismically-induced landslides and soil liquefaction. Subsequently we stacked them into one single hazard map reflecting a holistic seismic hazard assessment. Initially, we estimated a hazard map associated merely with the seismic potential of the study area. In this context, we used a pure statistical and a semi-statistical approach by means of the extreme values method and the Cornell approach and estimated the spatial distribution of the maximum expected values of Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) as well as Moment Magnitude for a return period of 475 years. These two data layers were inserted into the AHP along with information about the geological formations and the active faults of the study area, to produce the earthquake hazard assessment map. The map was produced using Geographic Information System (GIS), by applying weights and drawing a hierarchical structure to the sub-criteria of the above thematic layers. Next, we evaluated separately the earthquake-induced landslide hazard. For this purpose we incorporated into the AHP the parameters of the maximum expected values of Arias Intensity for a return period of 475 years, slope, lithology, aspect, distance to streams, distance to roads, landuse and topographic position index (tpi). Using GIS we produced a map depicting where earthquake-induced landslides are most likely to occur. Afterwards, we evaluated the soil liquefaction hazard adopting the same approach, using the parameters of compound topographic index (cti), type of soils, distance to streams and the magnitude weighted PGA. Finally, we stacked these three hazard maps and we classified the study area into four hazard levels corresponding to a complete seismic hazard map that accounts for earthquakes and for seismically-induced secondary effects.&lt;/p&gt;

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