Preface to the 26th International Slovak-Polish Scientific Conference on Machine, Modelling and Simulations (MMS 2021)

We are delighted to introduce you the publication of all reviewed papers which is the result of fruitful cooperation among the Technical University of Košice, University of Žilina, Alexander Dubček University of Trenčín, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poznań University of Technology, Rzeszow University of Technology, Czestochowa University of Technology, Calisia University - Kalisz, Poland, AGH University of Science and Technology, Warsaw University of Technology, Regional technological institute, Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem, Institute of Technology and Business in České Budějovice. The 26th International Slovak-Polish Scientific Conference on Machine Modelling and Simulations continues in the Slovak Republic and was held from 13th to 15th of September 2021 in Hotel Alexander, Bardejovské Kúpele, Slovak Republic. The international conference was established in 1996 and is held annually every year. List of Organizing Committee, Organizing Committee, Scientific Committee are available in this pdf.

Preface of the 18th NOLAMP conference

About the conference: The first conference on Nordic Laser Material Processing, NOLAMP was held in Oslo in 1987. Then the laser material processing was a rather new and revolutionary way to manufacture products with high quality and high efficiency. The laser research in the Nordic countries was in its pioneering age and the enthusiasm among researchers for the new possibilities was unrivalled. The intention for creating this conference, which was originally suggested by Dr. Bernt Thorstensen at SI in Oslo, Norway, was to establish a fruitful cooperation among Nordic laser researchers. Also NOLAMP intended to provide a forum for young researchers to present on-going works and to establish contacts in the scientific community as well as in industry. List of Conference date and location, Conference topics, Keynote speakers, Sponsors, Committee members, Editors, Reviewers are available in this pdf.

Prince Peter Georgievich Oldenburgsky: «My neighbor's good and woe were sacred to me...»

The article continues the cycle of publications dedicated to the tercentenary anniversary of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the fruitful cooperation of the Academy with the Free Economic Society of Russia. The article shows the life path of Prince P.G. Oldenburgsky — an honorary member of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Special attention is paid to the multifaceted charitable and cultural and educational activities of P. Oldenburgsky. The main directions of scientific and practical activity of the Free Economic Society under the leadership of its president — Prince P.G. Oldenburgsky (1840–1859) are shown. The role of the President of the VEO of Russia, Prince P.G. Oldenburgsky, in enriching the traditions of the VEO and developing innovative areas both in the socio-economic life of the country and in the activities of its civil society institutions is noted.

Based on the Experience of Cooperation of the Kharkiv State Academy of Design and Arts with Cherkasy State Technological University: Twenty Years of Experience

The article considers and analyzes the historical events of the twenty-year cooperation of the Kharkiv State Academy of Design and Arts with Cherkasy State Technological University. Practically all stages of formation of the Cherkasy School of Design in ChSTU are connected with the Kharkiv State Academy of Design and Arts (KSADA): starting with the Agreement between Cherkasy Engineering and Technological Institute (ChETI) and Kharkiv Art and Industrial Institute on the establishment of a general technical faculty – in 1999 year, the creation of the Department of Design in 2002, the first graduation of bachelors in 2005, specialists – in 2007 and masters – in 2009, holding regional, national and international conferences in 2008, 2010, 2017, respectively. They are years of not only fruitful cooperation, but of constant gaining experience of teachers, associate professors and professors of the Department of Design of ChSTU on educational, methodical and scientific work in KSADA. Constant involvement of leading specialists of KSADA in educational and methodical work: conducting entrance examinations of the first set of students-designers, teaching professional disciplines, management of diploma projects, chairing of state examination commissions on defence of diploma projects of bachelors, specialists and masters. Separately, the author draws the reader’s attention to the essential role of KSADA in the training of scientific personnel. Postgraduate studies, doctoral studies, systematic work of the specialized council K 64.109.01 became the launching pad for dozens of candidates of art history of Ukraine. 57% of the teaching staff of the Department of Design of ChSTU, who have a scientific degree, were engaged in postgraduate studies or defended a PhD degree at KSADA. The experience of cooperation at the modern level demonstrates the benefits of cooperation of related schools not only for the development of regional design centres, but also the methodology of design education in Ukraine in general.

Religious Minorities’ Rights in International Law: Acknowledging Intersectionality, Enhancing Synergy

International human rights law on minorities sets forth a complex system of provisions affecting religious groups; still, the question of defining religious minorities remains largely unsettled. While assessing the legal framework of protection established under the UN system, this article explores the current debate drawing on the two key concepts of intersectionality and synergy. The intersectionality approach suggests that belonging to a religious minority cannot be dissociated from other features defining personal and groups’ identities (e.g., culture, ethnic origin, gender, language) and that this distinctive quality marks the multiple forms of violations and cross-cutting discriminations of which religious minorities are often victims. On the other hand, the synergy approach implies a comprehensive understanding of the legal sources protecting individual freedom of conscience and religion as well as religious minorities. Moreover, it entails fruitful cooperation among the relevant institutional and civil actors and the need for inclusive participation of persons belonging to religious minorities in democratic decision-making processes to the aim of the accomplishment of equal and full enjoyment of their human rights.

TRENDS AND CHALLENGES IN THE FIELD OF CONSULTING AND BUSINESS PROCESSES MANAGEMENT

The article, based on the analysis of the evolution of the service sector, examines the scientific and theoretical foundations of consulting activities, highlighting aspects of the structure, types of consulting, as well as the reasons for the demand for consulting services. In the process of scientific research is determined by the use of methods of analysis, synthesis, grouping, formed the conditions for the spread of demand for consulting services in the world. It is determined that the problems that arise in modern enterprises and the significant level of uncertainty in the business environment, which causes uncertainty for managers, necessitate seeking help. The rapid progress of management consulting is also due to the lack of agreed standards (as opposed to such types of consulting as law or accounting), which allows almost any specialist, even a little knowledgeable in this matter, to consult. Today, there is a trend of colonization by American and European consulting markets in Asia, India and Eastern Europe. Thanks to this geopolitics, leading consulting firms receive more than a third of their profits. Recently, counselling in the social and public sectors has become attractive and profitable. Significant attention in the study is focused on the level of competition in the field of consulting in the world. Therefore, it is determined that the effectiveness of counseling directly depends on the personal participation and professionalism of a particular counselor. In this regard, the mutual understanding of the consultant and the client and their fruitful cooperation become especially important. The problems, tendencies and challenges faced by enterprises that require the involvement of external business consultants are analyzed, as well as the problems that accompany consulting companies in the process of activity. The analysis emphasized the peculiarities of the process of managing business units, as well as the impact on the level of economic security of economic entities.

CONDITIONS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE CRUSHED STONE PRODUCTION IN UKRAINE AND COMPETITION ON THE TRANSPORT MARKET

The article describes the production and use of crushed stone in Ukraine. The price factor of production and sale of crushed stone in the foreign countries is given and the comparative analysis with the Ukrainian producers is carried out. The dynamics of capacity and production of crushed stone products in Ukraine taking into account export and import components is given. It is established that the most capacious market is located in Zhytomyr region. It is noted that the share of crushed stone production of the enterprises located on the territory of the Regional Branch "South-Western Railway" is 44. It was found that only fruitful cooperation between two parties will get positive results, which will certainly increase railway traffic.

المالُ المشتركُ بين الزوجين والمطالبةُ به بين الفقهِ والفتوى والقضاء ماليزيا نموذجًا

Islam guaranteed marital life with great security and care, surrounded it with great concern for the sake of preserving it and made one of its most important goals of affection and compassion that send reassurance and fruitful cooperation between the spouses, so that each of them helps the other in earnings and sources of livelihood. If the marital relationship between them broke down, each of them will sought to demand the other for his/her share of this joint fortune away from stipulated legal dues such as inheritance and alimony. The question is, what is the definition of this money? Does it exist in the old Islamic jurisprudence? What is the legitimacy of the claim of this money by one of the spouses or their heirs in these cases? And to what extent is the interest achieved or hardship avoided by him/her in obtaining what she/he is demanding? What is the attitude of the Malaysian Judiciary and its legal text on that issue? What is the stand of the official fatwa departments on this issue? What are the legal evidences on which these are based in determining whether it is due or rejected based on fatwa? Are there other countries have adopted this system other than Malaysia? This research is focusing on this contemporary issue, addressing it in the light of the laws of three countries, namely Malaysia, Morocco and Tunisia as the latter two have agreed on this principle and work in this system, and according to three trends in Malaysian society as the research such as: jurisprudence, fatwa dan judiciary. This research proceeds with descriptive methodology in inference of terms of jurisprudence and analysis of position of Malaysian law with reference to the sources adopted in every jurisprudential art and commitment to scientific and technical controls adopted in scientific research.

«SMART SECTORS» AS AN AFFECTIVE MODEL OF INSTITUTIONAL PERSPECTIVE OF ECOLOGICAL SAFETY OF UKRAINE UNDER CONDITIONS OF DECENTRALIZATION

Environmental problems are becoming more acute. Consequently, there leave less possibilities of human existence. Due to this there is needed a qualitative solution. The article considers the scientific already existing approaches for understanding the institutional-ization of environmental security. There are considered the main components of the latter. There has been given a detailed description of «formal» and «informal» institutions designed to promote an environmentally friendly environment. There are determined the actual problems of institutional support of ecological development in Ukraine. There are pointed out the peculiarities of decentralization pro-cesses in Ukraine, which requires radical amendments in all spheres of society, including ecological life. Additionally, there are mentioned the principles, according to which, united territorial communities are formed. Taking into account the analysis of the best practices of the USA, there is offered the author's perspective model of functioning of «smart sectors» in Ukraine. In addition, there have been indicated the possible stages of their launch in the sectors of the economy and the role of these entities in the overall decentralization system. Among the advantages of their usage there are followings: reviving cooperation of environmental control bodies with industries via regular meetings with their representatives; the possibility to make rapid integrated decisions within sectors of the economy concerning issues that have environmental significance; increasing transparency regarding environmental trends; faster process of implementing of reforms of sustainable development at the practical level; improvement of regulations with the participation of experts from bodies in-volved in environmental protection; increasing environmental management systems. The use of «smart sectors» is a kind of step towards strengthening the movement forward balanced development which is going to be based on fruitful cooperation of business structures of various level and environmental organizations of both formal and informal orientation. Keywords: environmental security, decentralization, institutionalization, «smart sectors», united territorial communities. У статті розглянуто існуючі наукові підходи до розуміння інституціоналізації екологічної безпеки, а також її головні складники. Дано розгорнуту характеристику «формальним» та «неформальним» інститутам, що покликані сприяти розвитку екологічно чистого довкілля. Визначено актуальні проблеми інституціонального забезпечення екологобезпечного розвитку в Україні. Вказано на особливості процесів децентралізації в Україні та принципи за якими утворюються об’єднанні територіальні громади, що вимагає докорінних змін у всіх сферах життя суспільства, у тому числі – екологічній. На основі аналізування передового досвіду США запропоновано авторську перспективну модель функціонування «розумних секторів» в Україні. Крім того, зазначено можливі етапи їх запуску у секторах економіки та роль даних утворень у загальній системі децентралізації. Використання «розумних секторів» є своєрідним кроком до посилення руху у напрямку збалансованого розвитку на основі плідної співпраці екологічних організацій формальної та неформальної направленості з бізнесом. Ключові слова: екологічна безпека, децентралізація, інтституціоналізація, «розумні сектори», об’єднанні територіальні громади.

Value of Comparative Law for the Kyrgyz Republic

The article considers the relevance of comparative law as a science and method that contribute to the development of law on the territory of the state and international private law relations. The article describes the importance of comparative law for legal education in the modern legal life of the Kyrgyz Republic. The article examines the contribution of comparative law to the improvement of the national legal system of the Kyrgyz Republic. The article considers the importance of comparative law in creating favorable conditions for fruitful cooperation of lawyers from different countries.