scholarly journals Über die Wahrscheinlichkeit des Aussterbens einer Population in einer langsamen periodischen Umgebung

2020 ◽  
Vol Volume 32 - 2019 - 2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Bacaër ◽  
Claude Lobry ◽  
Tewfik Sari

International audience Wir studieren die Wahrscheinlichkeit des Aussterbens eines linearen Geburts- und Todesprozesses mit mehreren Typen in einer periodischen Umgebung, wenn die Periode groß ist. Diese Wahrscheinlichkeit hängt von der Jahreszeit ab und zeigt eine Diskontinuität im Zusammenhang mit einem "Canard" in einem langsam-schnellen dynamischen System. Der Diskontinuitätspunkt wird in einem Beispiel mit zwei Typen genau bestimmt. Dieses Beispiel kommt von einem Modell für eine Krankheit, die durch Vektoren übertragen wird. We study the probability of extinction of a population modelled by a linear birth-and-death process with several types in a periodic environment when the period is large compared to other time scales. This probability depends on the season and may present a sharp jump in relation to a "canard" in a slow-fast dynamical system. The point of discontinuity is determined precisely in an example with two types of individuals related to a vector-borne disease transmission model. On s'intéresse à la probabilité d'extinction d'un processus linéaire de naissance et de mort avec plusieurs types dans un environnement périodique dans la limite d'une période très grande. Cette probabilité dépend de la saison et peut présenter à la limite une discontinuité en lien avec un canard dans un système dynamique lent-rapide. On détermine précisément le point de discontinuité dans un exemple avec deux types d'individus provenant d'un modèle de transmission d'une maladie à vecteurs.

Author(s):  
Prabir Panja ◽  
Shyamal Kumar Mondal ◽  
Joydev Chattopadhyay

AbstractIn this paper, a malaria disease transmission model has been developed. Here, the disease transmission rates from mosquito to human as well as human to mosquito and death rate of infected mosquito have been constituted by two variabilities: one is periodicity with respect to time and another is based on some control parameters. Also, total vector population is divided into two subpopulations such as susceptible mosquito and infected mosquito as well as the total human population is divided into three subpopulations such as susceptible human, infected human and recovered human. The biologically feasible equilibria and their stability properties have been discussed. Again, the existence condition of the disease has been illustrated theoretically and numerically. Hopf-bifurcation analysis has been done numerically for autonomous case of our proposed model with respect to some important parameters. At last, a optimal control problem is formulated and solved using Pontryagin’s principle. In numerical simulations, different possible combination of controls have been illustrated including the comparisons of their effectiveness.


2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (04) ◽  
pp. 1340008
Author(s):  
XUE-ZHI LI ◽  
JUAN WANG ◽  
OMAR SAUCEDO ◽  
JIAO WANG

In this paper, we formulate a vector-borne disease transmission model with a nonlinear incidence and vaccination. The explicit expression of the basic reproduction number R0(ϕ) which is related to the vaccination rate ϕ is obtained. It has been shown that the global dynamical behavior of the model is completely determined by R0(ϕ). If R0(ϕ) < 1, the disease-free equilibrium (DFE) is globally asymptotically stable, and the disease will be eradicated. If R0(ϕ) > 1, the DFE is unstable, and there exists a unique endemic equilibrium (EE). This equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable which in turn causes the disease to persist in vectors and humans. Finally, a series of numerical simulations, such as sensitive analysis on R0(ϕ), are performed in order to support the theoretical results.


2009 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 936-941 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Jules Tewa ◽  
Jean Luc Dimi ◽  
Samuel Bowong

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