Laboratory Investigation of Current Distribution On Brass Tube Plates and Tube Ends of Condensers Using Sea Water

CORROSION ◽  
1961 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 8t-10t ◽  
Author(s):  
P. G. ATTWOOD ◽  
W. G. RICHARDS
Keyword(s):  
Current Distribution ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Zinc Alloy ◽  
Tube Sheet ◽  
Condenser Tube ◽  
Galvanic Current ◽  
Brass Tube ◽  
Dynamic Experiments ◽  
Velocity Effect

Abstract Static and dynamic experiments were made on brass tube plates and tube ends of condensers to determine the current distribution on them in sea water. Factors evaluated in this connection include effect of water velocity, effect of coatings, effect of temperature, and effect of composition of the anode and tube materials. It was found that most of the galvanic current flowing from ferrous components (or a steel anode) to a non-ferrous condenser tube sheet flowed to the tubes with only a small proportion going to the tube plate. A zinc alloy anode provided a much higher current than a steel anode to both an Admiralty brass tube and an aluminum brass tube. 7.4.2, 3.6.6, 4.6.11, 5.2.1

scholarly journals CHARACTERISTICS OF UHF WAVES DISTRIBUTION IN LAND AND WATER SURFACE TROPOSPHERIC WAVEGUIDE

2019 ◽  
pp. 115-121
Author(s):  
Oxana Vladimirovna Kalambatskaya ◽  
Oleg Nickolaevich Pishchin
Keyword(s):  
Communication Systems ◽  
Water Surface ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Systems Design ◽  
Cellular Communication ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Radio Waves ◽  
Wave Direction ◽  
Surface Atmospheric Layer ◽  
Cellular Communication Systems

The article considers examples of ultra-long propagation of UHF radio waves in mobile cellular communication systems. The phenomena are mainly observed in the Astrakhan region in the spring-summer period (May-June) and are presumably associated with sharp seasonal changes of air temperature followed by rains. The effect of temperature inversion results in changing the refraction index in the surface layer and, as a result, in changing the wave direction as the effect of superrefraction in the surface atmospheric layer. The properties of radio waves in their propagation in the land and sea-water surface waveguide are investigated. The values of the heights of land and sea-water surface tropospheric waveguides for cellular communication systems of different ranges are obtained. The features of existing of tropospheric land and sea-water surface tropospheric waveguides are described. The need to use their properties in the mobile communication systems design is stated.

scholarly journals Effect of Temperature on the Potential and Current Thresholds of Axon Membrane

1962 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Guttman ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Water ◽  
Sucrose Solution ◽  
Giant Axon ◽  
Threshold Current ◽  
Squid Giant Axon ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Threshold Potential ◽  
Axon Membrane ◽  
Central Segment ◽  
The Mean

The effect of temperature on the potential and current thresholds of the squid giant axon membrane was measured with gross external electrodes. A central segment of the axon, 0.8 mm long and in sea water, was isolated by flowing low conductance, isoosmotic sucrose solution on each side; both ends were depolarized in isoosmotic KCl. Measured biphasic square wave currents at five cycles per second were applied between one end of the nerve and the membrane of the central segment. The membrane potential was recorded between the central sea water and the other depolarized end. The recorded potentials are developed only across the membrane impedance. Threshold current values ranged from 3.2 µa at 267deg;C to 1 µa at 7.5°C. Threshold potential values ranged from 50 mv at 26°C to 6 mv at 7.5°C. The mean Q10 of threshold current was 2.3 (SD = 0.2), while the Q10 for threshold potentials was 2.0 (SD = 0.1).

Large Steam Surface Condenser Tube-Sheet Design

1972 ◽  
Vol 75 (642) ◽  
pp. 1034-1040
Author(s):  
Michizo MIYOSHI ◽  
Kazuyasu SAKURAI
Keyword(s):  
Tube Sheet ◽  
Condenser Tube ◽  
Surface Condenser

scholarly journals Comparative Study of Using Sea-Water for Enhanced Oil Recovery in Carbonate and Sandstone Reservoirs: Effects of Temperature and Aging Time on Oil Recovery

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Madi Abdullah Naser ◽  
Mohamed Erhayem ◽  
Ali Hegaig ◽  
Hesham Jaber Abdullah ◽  
Muammer Younis Amer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aging Time ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Spontaneous Imbibition ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Injection Process ◽  
Reservoir Conditions ◽  
The Impact

Oil recovery process is an essential element in the oil industry, in this study, a laboratory study to investigate the effect of temperature and aging time on oil recovery and understand some of the mechanisms of seawater in the injection process. In order to do that, the sandstone and carbonate cores were placed in the oven in brine to simulate realistic reservoir conditions. Then, they were aged in crude oil in the oven. After that, they were put in the seawater to recover, and this test is called a spontaneous imbibition test. The spontaneous imbibition test in this study was performed at room temperature to oven temperature 80 oC with different sandstone and carbonate rock with aging time of 1126 hours. The result shows that the impact of seawater on oil recovery in sandstone is higher than carbonate. At higher temperature, the oil recovery is more moderate than low temperature. Likewise, as the aging time increase for both sandstone and carbonate rocks the oil recovery increase. 

scholarly journals Effect of Temperature, Deep Sea Water and Seed Quality on Growth of Buckwheat Sprouts

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 724-728 ◽  
Author(s):  
Briatia Xoxiong ◽  
Kwang-Jin Chang ◽  
Chul-Hyun Ahn ◽  
Yong-Sub Lim ◽  
Yeon-Bok Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Deep Sea Water
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